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# Akwụkwọ Daniel - Nọmba Otu Narị na Iri Isii na Ise

Iwepụ Ihe Nkpuchi n’elu Ụkpụrụ Amụma: Site n’aka Alexander Ukwu ruo Rome nke Oge A

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Jeff Pippenger

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March 29, 2024

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Anyị ga-atụle ugbu a akụkọ ihe mere n’oge sochiri ọnwụ mberede nke Alexander the Great, nke na-anọchi anya afọ 538 ruo n’oge ọgwụgwụ na 1798.

> Ma mgbe ọ ga-ebili, a ga-agbaji alaeze ya, a ga-ekewakwa ya gaa n’ebe ifufe anọ nke eluigwe dị; ọ gaghịkwa agara ụmụ ya, ọ bụghịkwa dịka ọchịchị ya nke o jiri chịa: n’ihi na a ga-ewepụ alaeze ya, ọbụna nye ndị ọzọ, ewezuga ndị ahụ. Ma eze nke ndịda ga-adị ike, na otu n’ime ndị isi ya; ọ ga-adịkwa ike karịa ya, ma nwee ọchịchị; ọchịchị ya ga-abụ ọchịchị ukwu. Ma na njedebe nke afọ dị iche iche ha ga-ejikọta onwe ha ọnụ; n’ihi na ada eze nke ndịda ga-abịakwute eze nke ugwu ime nkwekọrịta: ma ọ gaghị-edebe ike nke ogwe aka; ọ gaghịkwa eguzo, ya na ogwe aka ya: kama a ga-enyefe ya, na ndị kpọbatara ya, na onye mụrụ ya, na onye nyere ya ike n’oge ndị a. Ma otu ga-ebili site n’alaka nke mgbọrọgwụ ya n’ọnọdụ ya, onye ga-abịa na ndị agha, ma banye n’ebe e wusiri ike nke eze nke ugwu, ma mee megide ha, ma merie: Ọ ga-ebukwa ndị chi ha n’agha laa n’Ijipt, tinyere ndị isi ha, na arịa ha dị oké ọnụ nke ọlaọcha na nke ọlaedo; ọ ga-anọgidekwa ọtụtụ afọ karịa eze nke ugwu. Ya mere eze nke ndịda ga-abata n’alaeze ya, ma laghachi n’ala nke aka ya. Daniel 11:4–9.

N’ikpeazụ, mgbe agbajisịrị alaeze Alẹzanda Onye Ukwu, ndị lụrụ ọgụ ka ha jide ọchịchị nke alaeze ahụ mbụ kewara n’ime alaeze abụọ bụ isi. Otu alaeze jidere akụkụ ndịda nke alaeze mbụ Alẹzanda, nke ọzọ ejidekwara akụkụ ugwu ya. Site n’oge ahụ gaa n’ihu n’akụkọ amụma ahụ, a na-akpọ ha nanị eze ndịda na eze ugwu. Ozugbo ọgụ ahụ maka ọchịchị ụwa ruru n’ókè ebe a na-egosi ya naanị n’etiti eze ugwu na eze ndịda, akara ndị nke alaeze abụọ ahụ na-aga n’ihu n’ime isiakwụkwọ ahụ dum.

N’amaokwu nke ise, e guzobere eze ndịda, ọ dịkwa ike, ma eze ugwu dịkwa ike, alaeze ya kwa ka ukwuu. Mgbe ahụ n’amaokwu nke isii, eze ndịda tụrụ aro ka e nwee mmekọrịta ọgbụgba-ndụ na alaeze ugwu. E mere ka nkwekọrịta udo ahụ sie ike site n’aka eze ndịda inye eze ugwu nwa ya nwanyị, ka eze ugwu wee lụọ ya ma kwado ọgbụgba-ndụ ha site n’ịkekọrịta njikọ ezinụlọ. Eze ugwu kwetara, wepuo nwunye ya n’akụkụ, lụọ ada-eze si ndịda, e wee bido ọgbụgba-ndụ ahụ.

N’ikpeazụ, adaeze nke ndịda mụrụ nwa-nwoke; ma n’ikpeazụ eze nke ugwu wee gwụ ike n’ebe nwunye ọhụrụ ya nọ, wee chụpụ ya n’akụkụ, dịka o mere nwunye mbụ ya, ma kpọghachite nwunye mbụ ya. Ma ozugbo e weghachiri nwunye mbụ ahụ, ma o nweta ohere, o gburu eze nke ugwu, nwunye ya nke ndịda, nwa ya, na ìgwè ndị Ijipt ya dum. Omume a nke nwunye mbụ ahụ igbu adaeze nke ndịda na nwa ya kpasuru ezinụlọ adaeze nke ndịda ahụ iwe, otu n’ime ụmụnne ya nwoke wee bulie agha ma buso alaeze nke ugwu agha.

Agha ndịda meriri eze ugwu, ma a gburu nwunye mbụ ahụ nke gburu eze ugwu ahụ, ya na nwunye ya nwanyị nke ndịda na nwa ya. E mesịa, e jidere nwa nwoke nke nwunye mbụ ahụ, onye e tinyere dị ka eze na-achị ugwu n’oge ọnwụ nna ya, wee bufee ya laghachi n’Ijipt site n’aka eze ndịda, tinyere ụfọdụ ihe arụ na arụsị ndị Ijipt nke alaeze ugwu wepụtara n’alaeze ndịda n’agha ndị gara aga. Mgbe ọ nọlarị n’Ijipt, eze ugwu ahụ a dọtara n’agha dara n’elu ịnyịnya ma nwụọ. Uriah Smith kọwara akụkọ ihe mere eme ahụ dịka ndị a.

> “‘AMAOKWU 6. Ma n’isi ngwụcha afọ ndị ahụ ha ga-ejikọta onwe ha ọnụ; n’ihi na ada eze nke ndịda ga-abịakwute eze nke ugwu ime nkwekọrịta: ma ọ gaghị ejide ike nke ogwe-aka; ọ gaghịkwa eguzo, ya na ogwe-aka ya; kama a ga-enyefe ya, na ndị wetara ya, na onye mụrụ ya, na onye mere ka ọ sie ike n’oge ndị a.’”

> “Agha na-enwe ugboro ugboro n’etiti ndị eze Ijipt na Sịrịa. Karịsịa ka ọ dị otu a n’oge Ptolemy Philadelphus, eze nke abụọ nke Ijipt, na Antiochus Theos, eze nke atọ nke Sịrịa. N’ikpeazụ, ha kwetara ime udo n’ọnọdụ na Antiochus Theos ga-achụpụ nwunye ya mbụ, Laodice, na ụmụ ya ndị ikom abụọ, ma lụọ Berenice, ada Ptolemy Philadelphus. Ya mere, Ptolemy wetara ada ya nye Antiochus, na-enye ya ya na nnukwu ego isi-ụlọ na-enweghị atụ.”

> “‘Ma ọ gaghị ejide ike nke ogwe aka ahụ;’ ya bụ, mmasị ya na ike ya n’ebe Antiochus nọ. Ma otú ahụ ka o mere; n’oge na-adịghị anya mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, n’ime ọkụ nke ịhụnanya, Antiochus kpọghachiri nwunye mbụ ya, Laodice, na ụmụ ya, ọzọ n’ụlọ eze. Mgbe ahụ amụma ahụ sịrị, ‘Ọ gaghịkwa eguzo [Antiochus], ma ọ bụ ogwe aka ya,’ ma ọ bụ mkpụrụ ya. Laodice, ebe e weghachiri ya n’amara na n’ike, tụrụ egwu na, n’ime agbanwe-agbanwe nke agwa ya, Antiochus ga-emekwa ya ihere ọzọ, ma kpọghachite Berenice; ma n’ịghọta na ọ dịghị ihe ọzọ ma e wezụga ọnwụ ya ga-abụ nchebe zuru ezu megide ohere dị otu a, o mere ka e nye ya nsi obere oge mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị. Ọ bụkwa na mkpụrụ ya sitere n’aka Berenice esoghị ya n’alaeze; n’ihi na Laodice haziri ihe nile n’ụzọ ga-eme ka ocheeze ahụ bụrụ nke ọkpara ya, Seleucus Callinicus.”

> “Ma ajọ omume dị otú ahụ apụghị ịdịte ogologo oge n’enwetaghị ntaramahụhụ, dịka amụma ahụ n’ihu na-ebu amụma, ma dịka akụkọ ihe mere eme na-esote na-egosikwa.”

> “‘AMAOKWU 7. Ma site n’alaka mgbọrọgwụ ya ka otu ga-ebili n’ọnọdụ ya, onye ga-abịa na usuu ndị agha, banye n’ebe e wusiri ike nke eze ugwu, meekwa ihe megide ha, ma merie: 8. Ọ ga-ebukwa ha laa n’agha n’Ijipt chi ha dị iche iche, tinyere ndị-isi ha, na arịa ha dị oké ọnụ ahịa nke ọlaọcha na nke ọlaedo; ọ ga-anọgidekwa ọtụtụ afọ karịa eze ugwu. 9. Ya mere eze ndịda ga-abata n’alaeze ya, ma laghachi n’ala nke aka ya.’”

> “Alaka a nke si n’otu mgbọrọgwụ ahụ na Berenice bụ nwanne ya nwoke, Ptolemy Euergetes. Ozugbo ọ nọchiri nna ya, Ptolemy Philadelphus, n’alaeze Ijipt, n’ịkpa ọkụ imegwara ọnwụ nwanne ya nwanyị, Berenice, o welitere agha dị ukwuu, wee wakpo ókèala eze ugwu, ya bụ, nke Seleucus Callinicus, onye ya na nne ya, Laodice, na-achị n’Siria. O wee merie ha, ruo n’imeri Siria, Silisia, akụkụ ndị dị elu n’ofe Yufretis, na ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ Eshia dum. Ma mgbe ọ nụrụ na e welitere nnupụisi n’Ijipt nke chọrọ ka ọ laghachi n’ụlọ, o kwakọrọ alaeze Seleucus, were talent ọlaọcha iri puku anọ na arịa ndị dị oké ọnụ ahịa, na onyinyo chi puku abụọ na narị ise. N’etiti ndị a bụ onyinyo ndị Cambyses buru na mbụ si n’Ijipt were gaa Peshia. Ndị Ijipt, ebe ha nyefere onwe ha kpamkpam n’ife arụsị, nyere Ptolemy aha Euergetes, ma ọ bụ Onye Na-emere Ọma, dịka nkwanye ugwu n’ihi na ọ si otú a, mgbe ọtụtụ afọ gasịrị, weghachitere ha chi ha e dọtara n’agha.”

> “Nke a, dị ka Bishọp Newton si kwuo, bụ akụkọ Jerome, nke e si n’aka ndị odeakụkọ oge ochie wepụta; ma, dịka ọ na-ekwu, e nwekwara ndị odeakụkọ ka dị ugbu a bụ ndị na-akwado ọtụtụ n’ime otu nkọwa ndị ahụ. Appian na-eme ka anyị mara na Laodice, mgbe o gbusịrị Antiochus, ma mgbe ya gasịrị Berenice na nwa ya, Ptolemy, nwa Philadelphus, iji bọrọ ọbọ maka igbu ọchụ ndị ahụ, wakporo Siria, gbuo Laodice, ma gaa n’ihu ruo Babilọn. Site n’aka Polybius ka anyị mụtara na Ptolemy, onye a na-akpọkwa Euergetes, ebe o ji oke iwe jupụta n’ihi mmeso obi ọjọọ e mesoro nwanne ya nwanyị, Berenice, jiri agha banye na Siria, werekwa obodo Seleucia, nke ndị agha nche nke ndị eze Ijipt nọgidere na-echekwa ruo afọ ole na ole sochirinụ. N’ụzọ dị otu a ka o si bata n’ebe e wusiri ike nke eze ugwu. Polyaenus na-ekwusi ike na Ptolemy mere onwe ya onye nwe ala ahụ niile site n’Ugwu Taurus ruo India, n’enweghị agha ma ọ bụ ọgụ; ma o nyere ya n’amaghị ama n’aka nna kama n’aka nwa. Justin na-ekwupụta na ọ bụrụ na a kpọghachighị Ptolemy n’Ijipt n’ihi nnupụisi ime ụlọ, ọ gaara enweta alaeze Seleucus dum. N’ụzọ dị otu a ka eze ndịda si bịa n’ime ọchịchị nke eze ugwu, laghachikwakwa n’ala nke ya, dị ka onye-amụma buru ụzọ kwuo. O mekwara ka ndụ ya dịrị ogologo karịa nke eze ugwu; n’ihi na Seleucus Callinicus nwụrụ n’ọchụnta-ala, n’ihi ida n’ịnyịnya ya; ma Ptolemy Euergetes biri afọ anọ ma ọ bụ ise karịa ya.” Uriah Smith, Daniel na Mkpughe, 250–252.

Otu njirimara amụma nke Rom, ya mere nke eze ugwu, bụ na ka e wee guzosie ya ike n’ocheeze, a ghaghị imeri ihe mgbochi ala atọ. Eze ugwu mbụ n’oge na-esote alaeze Alexander e bibiri emebi ka e guzobere site n’aka Seleucus Nicator, onye jere ozi dịka ọchịagha nye Ptolemy (eze ndịda) nwa oge ntakịrị n’etiti afọ 316 na 312 T.K. Amaokwu nke ise na-ekwu maka eziokwu a mgbe ọ na-asị, “Eze ndịda ga-adị ike, na otu n’ime ndị isi ya; ọ ga-adịkwa ike karịa ya.” Ptolemy bụ eze ndịda, ma o nwere ọchịagha (otu n’ime ndị isi ya), onye e kpebiri ka ọ bụrụ onye ka Ptolemy ike, ma nkebi okwu ikpeazụ nke amaokwu nke ise na-asị, “ma nwee ọchịchị; ọchịchị ya ga-abụ ọchịchị ukwu.” Ọchịagha Ptolemy, bụ Seleucus, ga-abụ eze ugwu mbụ. Ma ka Seleucus wee bụrụ eze ugwu, ọ ga-adị mkpa ka ọ kewapụ onwe ya n’aka eze ndịda, ma emesia merie mpaghara ala atọ.

Mpaghara mbụ Seleucus meriri bụ Ọwụwa Anyanwụ na 301 BC. Mgbe ahụ, o meriri Ọdịda Anyanwụ (nke onye nọchiri Cassander jidere) na 286 BC, ma o weghaara ókèala nke atọ ya n’Ugwu mgbe o meriri Lysimachus na 281 BC. E guzobere eze ugwu ahụ n’ocheeze na 281 BC.

Nkwekọrịta udo e mechara mee ya na eze ndịda mere na afọ 252 T.K. Afọ isii ka e mesịrị, na 246 T.K., e gburu Berenice (adaeze ndịda ahụ), nwa ya nwoke, na ndị niile so ya. Eze ndịda ahụ mechara jide nwa Laodice, bụ Seleucus Callinicus, were ya laghachi Ijipt, ebe ọ nwụrụ mgbe ọ dara n’elu ịnyịnya. Ọchịchị eze mbụ nke ugwu sitere na 281 T.K. ruo 246 T.K., nke hà nhata afọ iri atọ na ise.

Eze mbụ nke ugwu n’isi nke iri na otu meriri ihe mgbochi ala atọ ka e wee guzosie ya ike n’ocheeze. Rom ndị ọgọ mmụọ merikwara ihe mgbochi ala atọ ka e wee guzosie ya ike n’ocheeze [Lee Daniel 8:9], Rom Papal merikwara ihe mgbochi ala atọ ka e wee guzosie ya ike n’ocheeze [Lee Daniel 7:20]. Rom nke oge a na-emerikwa ihe mgbochi ala atọ ka e wee guzosie ya ike n’ocheeze [Lee Daniel 11:40–43].

Ozugbo e guzobechara n’ocheeze, eze mbụ nke ugwu chịrị afọ iri atọ na ise. Ozugbo e guzobechara n’ocheeze, Rom nke ndị ọgọ mmụọ chịrị otu “oge” (afọ narị atọ na iri isii). Ozugbo e guzobechara n’ocheeze, Rom nke papal chịrị “oge, oge dị iche iche, na nkewa nke oge” (afọ otu puku narị abụọ na iri isii.) Ozugbo e guzobechara n’ocheeze, Rom nke oge a ga-achị ọnwa iri anọ na abụọ nke ihe nnọchianya (nke a makwaara dịka “otu awa”).

Nwanyịnna White na-eme ka anyị mara na “a ga-emegharịkwa ọtụtụ n’ime akụkọ e dekọrọ n’isi nke iri na otu nke Daniel.” O wee kpọọ amaokwu iri atọ na otu ruo iri atọ na isii, ma sị, “ihe omume ndị yiri nke a kọwara n’okwu ndị a ga-eme.” N’ime amaokwu ndị ahụ, Rome nke pope (ihe arụ ahụ nke na-eme ka ebe ahụ bụrụ ihe tọgbọrọ n’efu), ka “e debere” n’ocheeze n’afọ 538, ma mgbe ahụ ọ na-akpagbu ndị Chineke ruo “ọtụtụ ụbọchị” (afọ otu puku narị abụọ na iri isii), ruo mgbe “iwe” mbụ ahụ mezuru n’afọ 1798. A na-emegharị akụkọ ihe mere eme nke amaokwu iri atọ na otu ruo iri atọ na isii n’ime amaokwu isii ikpeazụ nke isi nke iri na otu, ma akụkọ ahụ e gosikwara ya n’ụzọ zuru oke dịka onyinyo n’amaokwu ise ruo itoolu.

Ikwuputa Seleucus dị ka eze ugwu n’afọ 281 T.K., kwekọrọ na afọ 538. Ha abụọ na-anọchi anya idobe eze ugwu n’ocheeze n’ọgwụgwụ imeri ihe mgbochi ala atọ. A na-egosipụta oge ọchịchị papal n’ụzọ dị iche iche; ụbọchị otu puku narị abụọ na iri isii, ọnwa iri anọ na abụọ, oge, oge dị iche iche na nkewa nke oge, ohere, na afọ atọ na ọkara. Ọchịchị Seleucus dịrị afọ iri atọ na ise, ma otu ụzọ n’ụzọ iri, ma ọ bụ otu ụtù, nke iri atọ na ise bụ atọ na ọkara. Otu ụzọ n’ụzọ iri nke afọ iri atọ na ise ka a na-egosikwa dịka “atọ-nkọwa-ise” (3.5) afọ. “Atọ na ọkara” bụ akara nke oge ọchịchị papal.

Ndị popu natara ọnyá ya na-egbu egbu n’afọ 1798 mgbe eze nke ndịda, Napoleon Bonaparte (nke pụtara “nwa a gọziri agọzi”), zitere ọchịagha ya ka ọ kpọrọ popu ahụ n’agha. Otu afọ ka e mesịrị, n’afọ 1799, popu ahụ nwụrụ n’ọchịchị mgbapụ, dịkwa ka eze mbụ nke ugwu, onye eze nke ndịda kpọkwara n’agha. Seleucus Callinicus nwụrụ site n’ịda n’elu ịnyịnya mgbe ọ nọ n’agha na Ijipt. Popu ahụ bụ onye ahụ nke nọrọkwasịrị anụ ọhịa ahụ. Anụ ọhịa ahụ nọchiri anya usoro ọchịchị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke popu ahụ jiri mezuo ọrụ Setan ya. E gburu anụ ọhịa ahụ n’afọ 1798, popu ahụ nke nọrọkwasịrị ya ma chịkwaa ya wee nwụọ otu afọ ka e mesịrị. Seleucus Callinicus nwụrụ site n’ịda n’elu ịnyịnya (anụ ọhịa ọ nọrọkwasịrị). Ndagha nke ndị popu n’afọ 1798 na 1799 ka e gosipụtara n’ụzọ zuru oke site na ndagha nke eze mbụ nke ugwu.

Ihe kpatara ka iwe eze nke ndịda bilie megide eze nke ugwu bụ mmebi nkwekọrịta udo, nke a nọchiri anya ya site n’itinye Berenice (nwunye ndịda) n’akụkụ na ọnwụ sochiri ya n’aka Laodice. Napoleon abatala n’ime nkwekọrịta udo n’etiti France nke Mgbanwe ahụ na steeti ndị popu n’afọ 1797. A kpọrọ nkwekọrịta ahụ aha obodo Tolentino dị na Ancona, Italy, ebe e debanyere ya aka. N’ụzọ gọọmenti, ọ kwụsịrị na Febrụwarị, 1798, mgbe France jidere popu n’agha. Ihe mere e ji kagbuo nkwekọrịta ahụ bụ mbọ France ime ka Mgbanwe ya gbasaa.

Jeneral Duphot nke Napoleon nọ na Rom n’afọ 1797 dịka otu n’ime ndị agha njem France nke Directory, bụ ọchịchị na-achị France n’oge ahụ, zitere. Ebumnobi nke njem agha France gara Italy, nke gụnyere ịnọ Jeneral Duphot na Rom, bụ ịkwado Republic nke Rom, bụ steeti na-adabere n’aka France nke dịrị naanị nwa oge, nke ndị agha mmegharị ọchịchị France hiwere na Peninshula Italy. Ndị France nọ na-arụsi ọrụ ike n’ịkwado mmegharị ọchịchị mgbanwe na n’ịgbasa echiche mgbanwe n’ofe Europe n’oge a. N’Italy, ha chọrọ ịkwatu ọchịchị ndị eze ma guzobe republic ndị e ji Republic France mee ihe atụ.

Ọnụnọ Duphot na omume ya na Rom kpalitere mmegide sitere n’aka òtù ndị na-agbaso ọdịnala, gụnyere ndị na-akwado Ala ndị Pope na ndị ọchịchị eze obodo. N’ọnwa Disemba, 1797, n’oge esemokwu dị n’etiti ndị agha France na ndị na-akwado Ala ndị Pope, e gburu General Duphot, ma si otu a mee ka e guzobe ihe ngọpụ Napoleon ga-eji ziga General Berthier n’afọ sochirinụ ka o jide pope n’agha. Nkwekọrịta udo e mebiri emebi n’etiti ndị eze nke ndịda na nke ugwu nyere mkpali, n’akụkọ ihe mere eme abụọ ahụ, ka eze nke ugwu bụrụ onye eze nke ndịda dọtara n’agha.

Amaokwu nke asatọ na-ekwu, “ọ ga-ebukwa n’agha gaa Ijipt chi ha, ya na ndị isi ha, na arịa ha ndị dị oké ọnụ ahịa nke ọlaọcha na nke ọlaedo.” Mgbe Ptolemy laghachiri Ijipt n’ime mmezu nke amaokwu a, ndị Ijipt nyere ya aha “Euergetes” (Onye Na-emere Ọma), dị ka ekele maka ọrụ ya n’ịlaghachite arụsị ha na ihe ncheta ha ndị e wepụrụ n’aka ha na mbụ site n’aka eze ugwu. N’afọ 1798, ịkwakọrọ Rom site n’aka ndị France mere. N’otu ụbọchị naanị ya, ndị ọkà mmụta akụkọ ihe mere eme dere na a hụrụ ụgbọ ịnyịnya ise narị, nke ịnyịnya na-adọkpụ, n’okpuru nche siri ike nke ndị agha, ka ha na-apụ n’obodo ahụ.

N'ime njem ngagharị ahụ, e nwere ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ukwuu nke ihe osise akpụ ochie na ihe osise nke oge Renaissance nke France na-anapụ n'ikwekọ na nkwekọrịta udo Tolentino nke e mebiri emebi. N'ime ọrụ nka ndị ahụ so òtù Laocoon, Apollo Belvedere, Gaul na-anwụ anwụ, Cupid na Psyche, Ariadne n'àgwàetiti Naxos, Venus nke Medici, na nnukwu ihe oyiyi nke Tiber na Naịl; ákwà a kpara akpa na ihe osise nke Raphael, gụnyere Transfiguration, Madonna di Foligno, Madonna della Sedia, Santa Conversazione nke Titian; na ọtụtụ ọrụ ndị ọzọ. Ọ bụ naanị ọtụtụ afọ mgbe e mesịrị ka e gosipụtara akụ ndị a e zuru ezu n'ụlọ ngosi ihe mgbe ochie Musee Napoleonian dị na Louvre, nke e meghere na 1807. Dịka a na-eme ememme Ptolemy n'ihi iweghachite akụ ndị Ijipt, e debere akụ ndị e si Rom buru n'akụkụ nke ụlọ ngosi ihe mgbe ochie ahụ nke akpọrọ aha Napoleon.

Amaokwu nke ise ruo nke itoolu bụ nkwekọrịta zuru oke na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke malitere n’afọ 538 ma kwụsị na 1798 na 1799. Ha kwekọrọ na amaokwu nke iri atọ na otu ruo nke iri atọ na isii, nke a na-anọchi anya ya n’amaokwu isii ikpeazụ nke isi ahụ, nke na-akọwa inye ike ikpeazụ nke Rom nke oge a ka ọ na-emeri ihe mgbochi atọ, ma n’ikpeazụ rute na njedebe ya ebe onye ọbụla agaghị enyere ya aka. Amaokwu nke iri na-akọzị akụkọ ihe mere eme nke 1989.

> Ma ụmụ ya ndị ikom ka a ga-akpalite, ha ga-achịkọta ìgwè nke nnukwu usuu agha: otu n’ime ha ga-abịa n’ezie, juputa gafee ókè, ma gafee: mgbe ahụ ọ ga-alọghachi, a ga-akpalikwa ya, ruo ọbụna n’ebe ya e wusiri ike. Daniel 11:10.

Mmezuzu nke amaokwu nke iri n’akụkọ ihe mere eme na-anọchi anya afọ 1989, mgbe ọchịchị pope, n’ime nzuzo ya na Ronald Reagan jikọrọ aka, “jubigara ókè” ma “gafee” Soviet Union, hapụ naanị ebe e wusiri ike ya (Russia), ebe Soviet Union (USSR) gbazere n’azụ mmegharị Perestroika.

> Ma n’oge ọgwụgwụ ka eze nke ndịda ga-agba ya mgba: ma eze nke ugwu ga-abịakwute ya dị ka ifufe-ọlụlụ, ya na ụgbọ agha, na ndị na-agba ịnyịnya, na ọtụtụ ụgbọ mmiri; ọ ga-abanyekwa n’ime mba ndị ahụ, o wee juputa ma gafee. Daniel 11:40.

Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke amaokwu nke iri na-anọchi anya mmeghachi omume megide mmeri eze nke ugwu meriri site n’aka eze nke ndịda n’afọ 246 T.K., ma bụrụkwa ihe nnọchianya nke mmeghachi omume megide mmeri eze nke ugwu meriri site n’aka eze nke ndịda n’afọ 1798. Amaokwu nke iri anọ malitere n’oge ọgwụgwụ n’afọ 1798, mgbe eze nke ndịda (France na-ekweghị na Chineke) nyere eze nke ugwu (ike papal) ọnya na-egbu egbu, ma mezue site n’ida nke Soviet Union n’oge ọgwụgwụ n’afọ 1989. Oge ọgwụgwụ nke afọ 1798 ka e ji okwu a na amaokwu nke iri anọ nọchite anya ya: “Ma n’oge ọgwụgwụ ka eze nke ndịda ga-akụ ya.” “Kọlọn” (:) nke na-ekewa akụkụ ikpeazụ nke amaokwu ahụ, na-akara “oge ọgwụgwụ” ọzọ n’afọ 1989. “Ma eze nke ugwu ga-abịa megide ya dị ka ajọ ifufe, ya na ụgbọ ịnyịnya, na ndị na-agba ịnyịnya, na ọtụtụ ụgbọ mmiri; ọ ga-abanyekwa n’ime mba ndị ahụ, ọ ga-ebili dịka idei mmiri ma gafee.”

Anyi ga-aga n’ihu n’ọmụmụ a n’isiokwu na-esote.

> “E kwere ka mba ọbụla nke batara n’ogbo omume were ọnọdụ ya n’ụwa, ka e wee hụ ma ọ ga-emezu ebumnobi nke ‘Onye Nche na Onye Nsọ.’ Amụma esorola mbilite na ọdịda nke nnukwu alaeze ukwu nke ụwa—Babịlọn, Mido-Peshịa, Gris, na Rom. N’ihe gbasara nke ọ bụla n’ime ndị a, dịka o siri dịkwa n’ebe mba ndị nwere ike dị nta nọ, akụkọ ihe mere eme megharịrị onwe ya. Nke ọ bụla nwere oge ule ya, nke ọ bụla dara, ebube ya lara n’iyi, ike ya hapụrụ ya, onye ọzọ wee were ọnọdụ ya....”

> “Site n’ịrị elu na ọdịda nke mba dị iche iche, dịka e mere ka o doo anya n’akwụkwọ nke Akwụkwọ Nsọ dị nsọ, ha kwesịrị ịmụta otú otuto mpụta na nke ụwa a naanị ya si bụrụ ihe na-abaghị uru. Babilọn, tinyere ike ya niile na ịma mma ya nile, nke ụwa anyị ahụbeghị ụdị ya ọzọ kemgbe ahụ,—ike na ịma mma nke n’anya ndị mmadụ nke oge ahụ yiri ihe siri ike ma na-adịgide adịgide,–lee otú o si kpamkpam gafee! Dị ka ‘ifuru nke ahịhịa’ ọ laala n’iyi. Otu a ka ihe niile na-enweghị Chineke dịka ntọala ha si ala n’iyi. Naanị ihe ahụ nke ejikọtara na nzube Ya ma na-egosipụta agwa Ya ka pụrụ ịdịgide. Ụkpụrụ Ya bụ naanị ihe ndị guzosiri ike ụwa anyị maara.” Education, 177, 184.

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