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# Eliya — Umubare Umunani

Yeriko

Author

Jeff Pippenger

Published

October 9, 2023

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Mu itangiriro rya Isirayeli ya kera nyakuri, ndetse no mu itangiriro rya Isirayeli ya none yo mu buryo bw’umwuka, ubwo bambukaga Inyanja Itukura, hanyuma no mu gihe cy’icyo gutenguha gukomeye, hatangiye uruhererekane rw’ibigeragezo byagendaga byiyongera, amaherezo bigera ku kigeragezo cya nyuma. Kunanirwa muri icyo kigeragezo cya nyuma, mu gitabo cy’Imibare no mu mateka y’Abamillerite, ni byo biranga itangiriro ryo kuzerera mu butayu.

> “Imyaka mirongo ine ni yo ukutizera, kwivovota no kwigomeka byimye Isirayeli ya kera kwinjira mu gihugu cy’i Kanani. Ibyaha bimwe ni byo byadindije kwinjira kwa Isirayeli ya none muri Kanani yo mu ijuru. Nta na hamwe amasezerano y’Imana yagizemo ikosa. Ni ukutizera, gukunda iby’isi, ukutiyegurira Imana, n’amakimbirane ari mu bantu bitwa ubwoko bw’Umwami byatumye tumara imyaka myinshi muri iyi si y’icyaha n’agahinda.”

> “Dushobora kuzaguma hano muri iyi si indi myaka myinshi kubera kutumvira, nk’uko byagendekeye abana ba Isirayeli; ariko ku bw’Umukristo, ubwoko Bwe ntibukwiriye kongera icyaha ku kindi bushinja Imana ingaruka z’inzira mbi bwihitiyemo.” Evangelism, 696.

Ku iherezo ry’amateka ya Isirayeli ya kera, nk’uko byagenze no mu ntangiriro, habayeho inzira y’igeragezwa rikurikirana ryagiye ritera imbere, ryasojwe igihe Isirayeli ya kera nyakuri yajyanwaga mu bunyage i Babuloni. Ku iherezo rya Isirayeli ya none y’umwuka, na bo bazahura n’inzira y’igeragezwa rikurikirana rigenda ritera imbere. Iyo nzira irangira igihe Abadiventisiti b’i Lawodikiya bazatsindwa ku itegeko ryo ku Cyumweru. Nk’uko byagendekeye Isirayeli ya kera, Isirayeli ya none izajyanwa mu bunyage na Babuloni y’umwuka.

Umuryango w’Abamillerite watangiye mu buryo bw’ubuhanuzi mu 1798, kandi urangira ku mugaragaro mu 1863, ushushanya umuryango w’abihumbi ijana na mirongo ine na bine watangiye mu 1989 kandi urangira igihe imbabazi ku bantu zirangirira no ku Kugaruka kwa Kabiri kwa Kristo. Hagati y’iherezo ry’umuryango w’Abamillerite no kuza kw’umuryango ukomeye w’umumarayika wa gatatu, ni ho hari amateka y’itorero ry’Abadiventisiti b’Umunsi wa Karindwi ry’i Lawodikiya ryanditswe mu buryo bwemewe n’amategeko.

> “Intera ry’urugendo rw’iminsi cumi n’umwe gusa ni ryo ryari hagati ya Sinayi na Kadeshi, ku mipaka ya Kanāni; kandi imitwe y’ingabo za Isirayeli yongeye gukomeza urugendo rwayo ifite ibyiringiro byo kwinjira bidatinze muri icyo gihugu cyiza, igihe amaherezo igicu cyatangaga ikimenyetso cyo kongera gukomeza imbere. Yehova yari yarakoze ibitangaza mu kubavana muri Egiputa, kandi se ni iyihe migisha batari bakwiriye kwitega ubu, ubwo bari bamaze kugirana na We isezerano ku mugaragaro ryo kumwemera nk’Umwami wabo, kandi bakaba bari baremejwe ko ari ubwoko bwatoranyijwe bw’Isumbabyose?” Abakurambere n’Abahanuzi, 376.

Urugendo rwabo rugufi rwaje kumara imyaka mirongo ine, bitewe no kutizera no kutumvira kwabo. Iyo baza kuba bagaragaje kwizera kwashingiye ku gukizwa gukomeye kwabo bavanywe mu bubata, bari guhita bambuka uruzi rwa Yorodani bakinjira mu Gihugu cy’Isezerano. Inzitizi yabo ya mbere nyuma y’aho yari kuba ari ya nzitizi imwe Yosuwa yaje guhangana na yo nyuma. Nyuma y’imyaka mirongo ine, Isirayeli ya nyakuri yavuye mu butayu yinjira mu Gihugu cy’Isezerano, kandi Yeriko yabaye intambwe yabo ya mbere; kandi ihagaze nk’ikimenyetso cy’imbaraga z’Imana zizanira agakiza umuntu wese wizera. Yeriko kandi ni ikimenyetso cy’umurimo umug movement w’Abamilerite wagombaga guhangana na wo mu 1863, ariko basubira inyuma bajya mu butayu. Ikimenyetso cya Eliya gifitanye isano itaziguye n’ikimenyetso cya Yeriko, kandi ni ibyigisho gusuzuma isano Eliya yari afitanye na Yeriko mu mateka.

> Nuko imirimo isigaye ya Omuri yakoze, n’ubutwari bwe yagaragaje, mbese ntibyanditswe mu gitabo cy’amateka y’abami ba Isirayeli? Nuko Omuri asinzira hamwe na ba sekuruza be, ahambwa i Samariya; maze Ahabu umuhungu we yima mu cyimbo cye. Mu mwaka wa mirongo itatu n’umunani wa Asa umwami w’u Buyuda, Ahabu mwene Omuri atangira gutegeka Isirayeli; kandi Ahabu mwene Omuri ategeka Isirayeli i Samariya imyaka makumyabiri n’ibiri. Ahabu mwene Omuri akora ibibi imbere y’Uwiteka kurusha abamubanjirije bose. Nuko biba nk’aho kugendera mu byaha bya Yerobowamu mwene Nebati byari ikintu cyoroheje kuri we, maze arongora Yezebeli umukobwa wa Etibāli umwami w’Abasidoni; ajya gukorera Bali no kuyiramya. Yubakira Bali igicaniro mu nzu ya Bali yari yarubatse i Samariya. Kandi Ahabu akora Ashera; kandi Ahabu arushaho gutera Uwiteka Imana ya Isirayeli umujinya kurusha abami bose ba Isirayeli bamubanjirije. Mu minsi ye ni ho Hiyeli w’i Beteli yubatse Yeriko: ashinga urufatiro rwayo yicirije Abiramu imfura ye, ashyiraho n’amarembo yayo yicirije Segubu umuhererezi we, nk’uko ijambo ry’Uwiteka ryari ryaravuzwe na Yosuwa mwene Nuni. Eliya w’Umutishibi, wo mu baturage b’i Gileyadi, abwira Ahabu ati: “Nk’uko Uwiteka Imana ya Isirayeli iriho, uwo mpagaze imbere ye, muri iyi myaka nta kime cy’ikime cyangwa imvura bizabaho, keretse nk’uko ijambo ryanjye rizavuga.” 1 Abami 16:27–17:1.

Guhangana kwa Eliya n’imana za Ahabu na Yezebeli ku Musozi wa Karumeli kwari igisubizo ku buhakanyi bw’umwami wa karindwi w’ubwami bw’amajyaruguru bwa Isirayeli, uwo “wakoreye Uwiteka Imana ya Isirayeli ibimutera uburakari kurusha abami bose ba Isirayeli bamubanjirije.” Ijambo “guteza uburakari” muri uwo murongo, ryerekeza ku “munsi wo kurakaza” washushanywaga n’ikigeragezo cya cumi cyo muri Kubara cumi na kane. Gukarakaza Imana kwa Ahabu kwashushanyaga icya nyuma mu bigeragezo icumi byatewe n’inkuru mbi y’abatasi icumi muri Kubara cumi na kane. Ni cyo gituma bishushanya ikigeragezo cya nyuma ku rugendo rw’Abamillerite n’ikigeragezo cya nyuma ku bihumbi ijana na mirongo ine na bine.

> Ni cyo gituma, nk’uko Mwuka Wera abivuga ati: Uyu munsi nimwumva ijwi rye, ntimukinangire imitima yanyu, nk’uko byagenze mu gihe cyo kumurakarira, ku munsi wo kugeragezwa mu butayu. Abaheburayo 3:7, 8.

Mu “munsi w’ubuhanuzi wo gushotora” ugereranywa na Ahabu, umuhanuzi Eliya yasenze asaba ko, niba byari ngombwa, Imana yazanira Isirayeli imanza kugira ngo ubwoko bwayo bwihane ibyaha bwari burimo gukora.

> Abantu ba Isirayeli bari baragiye bahoro buhoro batakaza gutinya Imana no kuyubaha, kugeza ubwo ijambo ryayo yababwiye ikoresheje Yosuwa ritari rikigira agaciro kuri bo. “Mu minsi ye [Ahabu], Hiyeli w’i Beteli yubaka Yeriko; yashinze urufatiro rwayo ari mu rupfu rwa Abiramu imfura ye, ashyiraho amarembo yayo ari mu rupfu rwa Segubu umuhererezi we, nk’uko byari bihuje n’ijambo ry’Uwiteka yavugiye muri Yosuwa mwene Nuni.”

> “Igihe Isirayeli yarimo iva ku Mana, Eliya yagumye ari umuhanuzi w’Imana w’indahemuka kandi w’ukuri. Umutima we wizerwa warababaye cyane abonye ko kutizera n’ubutizigirwa byihutiraga gutandukanya abana ba Isirayeli n’Imana, maze asenga asaba ko Imana yakiza ubwoko bwayo. Yinginze Uwiteka ngo ye kutajugunya burundu ubwoko bwayo bukora ibyaha, ahubwo ko yabakangura bakihana ibinyujije mu manza, nibiba ngombwa, kandi ko yababuza gukomeza kujya kure kurushaho mu cyaha, bityo bakamutera kubarimbura nk’ishyanga.

> “Ubutumwa bw'Uhoraho bwaje kuri Eliya ngo ajye kwa Ahabu amushyikirize amagambo yamagana imanza zayo kubera ibyaha bya Isirayeli. Eliya agenda ku manywa no nijoro kugeza ageze ku ngoro ya Ahabu. Ntiyasabye kwemererwa kwinjira, kandi ntiyategereje ko babanza kumumenyesha mu buryo bwemewe. Mu buryo butunguranye rwose kuri Ahabu, Eliya ahagarara imbere y'umwami wa Samariya watangaye, yambaye imyambaro y'igikokora ubusanzwe yahabwaga n'abahanuzi. Ntiyatanze urwitwazo urwo ari rwo rwose ku bwo kuza kwe gutunguranye no kutatumirwa; ahubwo, azamura amaboko ye ayerekeza mu ijuru, maze arahama yivuye inyuma mu izina ry'Imana ihoraho, yaremye ijuru n'isi, imanza zari zigiye kuza kuri Isirayeli ati: ‘Nta kime na rimwe, kandi nta mvura, muri iyi myaka, keretse nk'uko ijambo ryanjye rivuze.’”

> “Iri tangazo ritangaje ryo guciraho iteka kw’Imana kubera ibyaha bya Isirayeli ryaguye ku mwami w’umuhakanyi nk’inkuba. Yasaga n’uwahagaritswe n’ugutangara n’ubwoba; kandi mbere y’uko abasha gukira iryo tangara rye, Eliya, atarinze gutegereza kureba ingaruka z’ubutumwa bwe, yarazimiye mu buryo butunguranye nk’uko yari aje. Umurimo we wari uwo kuvuga ijambo ry’amakuba rivuye ku Mana, maze ahita yikuraho. Ijambo rye ni ryo ryari ryarafunze ubutunzi bwo mu ijuru, kandi ijambo rye ni ryo ryonyine ryari urufunguzo rwashoboraga kongera kubuhingura.” Testimonies, volume 3, 273.

Isirayeli yari yaribagiwe ko Yosuwa yari yarabayoboye ababwira yihanukiriye kutifatanya n’amahanga y’abapagani, kandi ko batagombaga kongera kubaka i Yeriko ukundi. Nubwo urugamba rw’i Yeriko rwari ikimenyetso gikomeye cyane cy’ubushobozi bw’Imana n’ikigereranyo cy’isezerano ry’Imana ryo kuyobora ubwoko bwayo mu Gihugu cy’Isezerano, hari hanajyanwe na Yeriko icyaha, umuvumo n’agakiza. “Icyaha” cyari icya Akani, wifuje ubutunzi n’icyubahiro bya Yeriko; “umuvumo” wari ku muntu wese wari kongera kubaka Yeriko; kandi maraya Rahabu yagereranyaga “agakiza.” Akani yifuje wa mwambaro mwiza w’i Babuloni. Yibwiraga ko ashobora guhisha icyaha cye, nk’uko Adamu na Eva bashatse guhisha icyaha cyabo bakoresheje umwambaro w’amababi y’umutini. Akani yifuzaga ubukungu Yeriko yagereranyaga, kandi yifuzaga kwifatanya na Babuloni.

Yeriko ishyirwa imbere nk’ikimenyetso cy’umurimo wo kugeza ubutumwa bw’umumarayika wa gatatu ku isi, ariko kandi gikubiyemo umuburo werekeye icyaha cyo gukunda no kwiringira iby’isi. Ikimenyetso cya Yeriko na none gikubiyemo umuvumo ku bwo kongera kubaka Yeriko, kandi Rahabu ahagarariye abacyari i Babuloni basohokamo igihe gutaka gukomeye kw’umumarayika wa gatatu gutangarijwe.

> Ubugingo bwizerwa bwa Eliya bwarababaye. Umujinya we warakangutse, kandi yararwaniye ishyaka icyubahiro cy’Imana. Yabonye ko Isirayeli yari yaragwiriye mu buhakanyi buteye ubwoba. Maze igihe yibukaga ibintu bikomeye Imana yabakoreye, yuzurwaga n’agahinda no gutangara. Ariko ibyo byose byari byaribagiranye n’abenshi bo muri rubanda. Yagiye imbere y’Umwami, maze umutima we ubabajwe n’ishavu rikomeye, arainginga ngo akize ubwoko Bwe, kabone n’iyo byaba ngombwa ko bikorwa n’imanza. Yingingiye Imana kubuza ubwoko Bwayo butagira ishimwe ikime n’imvura, ubutunzi bwo mu ijuru, kugira ngo Isirayeli y’ubuhakanyi irebe ubusa ku mana zayo, ibigirwamana byayo by’izahabu, ibiti n’amabuye, ku zuba, ku kwezi no ku nyenyeri, ngo ni byo byuhirira isi kandi bikayitungisha, bikayitera kwera cyane. Uwiteka abwira Eliya ko yumvise isengesho rye, kandi ko azima ikime n’imvura ku bwoko Bwe kugeza igihe bazamuhindukirira bihannye.

> “Imana yari yararinze by’umwihariko ubwoko bwayo kutivanga n’amahanga yasengaga ibigirwamana yabakikije, kugira ngo imitima yabo itayobywa n’amasambu n’insengero by’ikirura, insengero n’ibicaniro, byari byaratunganijwe mu buryo buhenze cyane kandi bushukana, kugira ngo biyobye ubwenge n’ibyiyumvo, bityo Imana isimburwe mu mitima y’ubwoko bwayo.”

> “Umurwa wa Yeriko wari waragenewe gusengwa kw’ibigirwamana birenze urugero. Abawutuye bari abakire cyane, ariko ubutunzi bwose Imana yari yarabahaye babubaraga ko ari impano y’imana zabo. Bari bafite izahabu n’ifeza byinshi; ariko, nk’abantu babayeho mbere y’Umwuzure, bari barononekaye kandi batuka Imana, bagasuzugura kandi bagahuguza Imana yo mu ijuru imirimo yabo mibi. Imanza z’Imana zari zakangukiye Yeriko. Wari igihome gikomeye. Ariko Umutware w’ingabo z’Uwiteka ubwe yavuye mu ijuru aza kuyobora ingabo zo mu ijuru mu gitero cyagabwe kuri uwo murwa. Abamarayika b’Imana bafashe inkuta nini zikomeye bazigusha hasi. Imana yari yaravuze ko umurwa wa Yeriko uzaba ikivume kandi ko bose bazarimbuka, keretse Rahabu n’abo mu rugo rwe. Abo ni bo bagombaga gukizwa kubera ineza Rahabu yagiriye intumwa z’Uwiteka. Ijambo ry’Uwiteka yabwiye abantu ryari iri: ‘Kandi mwebwe, uko byagenda kose, mwirinde icyo kivume, kugira ngo namwe mutazaba ikivume, nimuramuka mukuye ku kivume, mukagumura inkambi ya Isirayeli, mukayishyira mu muvumo kandi mukayiteza amakuba.’ ‘Nuko muri icyo gihe Yosuwa arabarahiza, ati: Havumwe umuntu imbere y’Uwiteka uzahaguruka akubaka uyu murwa wa Yeriko; urufatiro rwawo azarushyiraho mu mfura ye, kandi amarembo yawo azayashinga mu muhungu we w’umuhererezi.’”

> “Imana yari yitaye cyane ku byerekeye Yeriko, kugira ngo abantu batanyeganyezwa n’ibintu abaturage baho basengaga, imitima yabo ikayoborwa ikava ku Mana. Yarinze ubwoko bwayo ibaha amategeko asobanutse kandi akomeye; nyamara, n’ubwo hariho itegeko rikomeye Imana yatanze ibinyujije mu kanwa ka Yosuwa, Akani yatinyutse kurigomera. Umururumba we watumye afata ku butunzi Imana yari yamubujije gukoraho, kuko umuvumo w’Imana wari uburiho. Kandi kubera icyaha cy’uwo muntu, Isirayeli y’Imana yabaye nk’amazi imbere y’abanzi bayo.”

> Yosuwa n’abakuru ba Isirayeli bari mu mubabaro mwinshi. Baryama imbere y’isanduku y’Imana bicishije bugufi cyane, kuko Uwiteka yari arakariye ubwoko Bwe. Basenga kandi baririra imbere y’Imana. Uwiteka abwira Yosuwa ati: “Haguruka; ni iki gituma urambarara utyo wubitse umutwe hasi? Isirayeli yakoze icyaha, kandi kandi bishe isezerano Ryanjye nabategetse: kuko banatwaye ku cyatowe kurimbuka, kandi baribye, kandi barabihakanye, kandi banabishyize mu bintu byabo bwite. Ni cyo cyatumye abana ba Isirayeli batabasha guhagarara imbere y’abanzi babo, ahubwo babatera umugongo imbere y’abanzi babo, kuko bari baratowe kurimbuka: kandi sinzaba nkiri kumwe namwe ukundi, keretse nimukuraho icyo cyatowe kurimbuka muri mwe.”

> “Neretswe ko hano Imana igaragaza uburyo ibona icyaha kiri mu bantu bavuga ko ari ubwoko bwayo bwitondera amategeko yayo. Abo yahaye icyubahiro cyihariye cyo guhamya kwerekanwa gutangaje k’ububasha bwayo, nk’uko byagenze kuri Isirayeli ya kera, kandi na bo bakaba ndetse n’icyo gihe bagira ubutwari bwo kwirengagiza amabwiriza yayo avugishije ukuri, bazaba abagiriweho uburakari bwayo. Yashakaga kwigisha ubwoko bwayo ko kutumvira n’icyaha biyibabaza cyane rwose kandi ko bitagomba gufatwa nk’ibintu byoroheje.” Testimonies, volume 3, 263, 264.

Amateka ya Yeriko arimo umuburo wo kudashyira ibyiringiro mu mbaraga no mu cyubahiro by’umujyi w’ababi kandi ukize nk’uko biboneka. “Umujyi” mu buhanuzi bwa Bibiliya ni ubwami, kandi Akani yafashe umwambaro w’i Babuloni. Mu buryo bw’ubuhanuzi, umwambaro ugereranya imico, bityo rero, mu “minsi y’imperuka,” kuba Akani yarahishe umwambaro w’Umunyababuloni bigereranya icyifuzo gihishwe cyo kwifuza gutunga imico ya Babuloni yo mu by’umwuka. Imico, cyangwa ishusho ya Babuloni yo mu by’umwuka, ni byo Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika zifuza igihe zishyize hamwe itorero na Leta.

Bahanganye n’uko byashobokaga ko urubyiruko rw’umutwe w’Abamilerite rwajyanwa ku rugamba rw’Intambara y’Abanyagihugu, kandi babonye ko hakenewe imitunganyirize, abayobozi b’uwo mutwe bihuje n’amategeko n’ishyanga rikize cyane batagombaga na rimwe kwiyungamo. Ndetse n’Itegeko Nshinga ry’icyo gihugu gikize ryari ryarateganyije ko bitari ngombwa na busa ko itorero rihuzwa na Leta. Hariho amadini yabayeho mu gihe cy’Abamilerite kandi n’ubu akaba akiriho; amwe muri ayo madini ntiyigeze na rimwe yinjira muri ubwo busabane bwemewe n’amategeko n’ubutegetsi bwa Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, kandi icyemezo cyayo cyo kutagirana ubwo busabane nta na gato cyigeze kiyabuza gutunganya amatorero yayo uko bikwiriye.

Hashize igihe kinini nyuma y’uko Yosuwa yarwanye intambara y’i Yeriko, mu gihe cya Ahabu, imiburo yose yerekeye ubuhakanyi bwa Akani no kurimbuka kwa Yeriko yari yaribagiranye mu bwoko bw’Imana bwahakanye. Eliya yasabye Imana mu isengesho, ayinginga ko, bibaye ngombwa, imanza zayo zasohozwa kugira ngo zigarure ubwoko bwayo ku kwihana. Igihe Malaki yandika amagambo ya nyuma y’Isezerano rya Kera, isezerano rishyirwa mu rwego rw’Umwami gukubita isi umuvumo. Umuvumo wajyanaga na Yeriko wari ku muntu wese wari kongera kubaka Yeriko. Umuvumo wari ku muntu wese wagira, nka Akani, irari ryo kwiringira ubutunzi n’ubukire byajyanaga na Yeriko. “Icyaha” cya Akani kigereranya irari ry’imbere ryihishe, ritareguriwe Imana, ryo kwambara umwambaro w’i Babuloni. “Umuvumo” wari uw’igikorwa cyo gushyira mu bikorwa ayo marari yo mu mutima.

Ubutumwa bwa Miller bwari ubutumwa bwa Eliya bw’igihe cye, kandi Intambara y’Abanyagihugu yagereranyaga imanza ziherekeza ubutumwa bwa Eliya. Hagati mu Ntambara y’Abanyagihugu mu mwaka wa 1863, Ubudivantisiti bwa Miller bwongeye kubaka Yeriko, nk’uko bigaragazwa n’ibisobanuro by’umuvumo wa Yosuwa ku muntu wese wari kubikora.

> Muri icyo gihe Yosuwa arabarahiza ati: Aravumwe imbere y’Uwiteka umuntu uzahaguruka akubaka uyu murwa wa Yeriko; azashyiraho urufatiro rwawo abiheshejwe n’imfura ye, kandi amarembo yawo azayashinga abiheshejwe n’umuhungu we w’imfura y’imperuka. Yosuwa 6:26.

Ijambo “yarahije” mu itegeko rya Yosuwa risobanura icyarimwe indahiro n’umuvumo. Havumwe uzica itegeko rya Yosuwa, kandi ahirwe uzakomeza iyo ndahiro. Ijambo ryahinduwemo “yarahije” ni na ryo rihindurwa ngo “incuro ndwi” mu Balewi makumyabiri na gatandatu. Indahiro n’umuvumo bya Mose, nk’uko Daniyeli abivuga mu gice cya cyenda, bifitanye isano no kongera kubaka Yeriko.

> Ni koko Isirayeli yarenze amategeko yawe, koko irateshuka, kugira ngo itumvira ijwi ryawe; ni cyo cyatumye umuvumo udusukwaho, n’indahiro yanditswe mu mategeko ya Mose umugaragu w’Imana, kuko twacumuye kuri we. Daniyeli 9:11.

Mushiki wacu White yaravuze ati: “Imana yari yitondeye cyane ku byerekeye Yeriko, kugira ngo abantu batayoberwa bitewe n’ibyo abaturage baho basengaga, kandi imitima yabo ikayoba ikava ku Mana.” Imana yari yitondeye cyane mu gusohoza irimbuka rya Yeriko, bityo yari yitondeye cyane no mu kwandika umuburo ushushanyijwe na Akani. Yitondeye no mu kwandika umuvumo ujyanye no kongera kubaka Yeriko, kandi yitondeye no mu gusobanura amayeri y’ijuru yakoreshejwe mu guhirika inkuta zaho.

Nta gushidikanya na mba Yesu ubwe, ari We Muyobozi w’ingabo z’Uwiteka, wayoboye abamarayika gusenya inkuta za Yeriko; kandi nta na kimwe kiba ku bw’impanuka mu Ijambo ry’Imana, ahubwo muri uru rugero, umuhanuzi-kazi aratubwira ko “Imana yitaye cyane ku byerekeye Yeriko.” Iminsi irindwi Isanduku yarazengurukijwe umugi, kandi mu buhanuzi umunsi ni umwaka. Iryo hame ryanditswe mu ntangiriro y’imyaka mirongo ine yo kuzerera mu butayu, kandi ku iherezo ry’iyo myaka mirongo ine bazengurutse Yeriko iminsi irindwi.

> Nk’uko umubare w’iminsi mwasuzumyemo igihugu wari uri, ni ukuvuga iminsi mirongo ine, umunsi umwe ukabarirwa umwaka umwe, ni ko muzikorera ibicumuro byanyu imyaka mirongo ine, kandi muzamenya icyo isezerano ryanjye ryacitse risobanura. Kubara 14:34.

Iminsi irindwi Isanduku yazengurutswe umugi, maze ku munsi wa karindwi iwuzengurukijwe “inshuro ndwi.” Ibyo bitanga abagabo babiri b’ubuhanuzi bemeza ko Yeriko ifitanye isano n’“inshuro ndwi” z’indahiro ya Mose. Ubwoko bw’Imana bw’isezerano ni abatambyi, kandi abatambyi barindwi bavuza impanda ndwi.

> Namwe kandi, nk’amabuye mazima, mwubakwa mube inzu y’umwuka, ubupadiri bwera, kugira ngo mutambire ibitambo by’umwuka byemerwa n’Imana ku bwa Yesu Kristo. 1 Petero 2:5.

Impanda ihagarariye ubutumwa bw’umuburo, cyangwa urubanza, cyangwa ihamagarira iteraniro ryera, bitewe n’imvugiro ibonekamo. Mu minsi y’imperuka impanda igomba kuvuzwa n’abarinzi, nk’uko yavuzwe n’Abamillerite mu mateka yabo. Abatambyi bahagarariye abarinzi bari ku nkike za Siyoni bavuza impanda, bakaburira ubwoko bw’Imana iby’urubanza rugiye kuza, kandi nanone bagahamagarira abo bantu nyene iteraniro ryera.

> Muvuze impanda i Siyoni, kandi mutere impuruza ku musozi wanjye wera; abatuye igihugu bose bahindire umushyitsi, kuko umunsi w’Uwiteka uje, kuko wegereje cyane … Muvuze impanda i Siyoni, mutangaze igisibo cyera, muteranye iteraniro rikomeye ryera; mukoranye abantu, mweze iteraniro, mukoranye abakuru, mukoranye abana, n’abonsa amabere; umukwe ave mu cyumba cye, n’umugeni ave mu nzu ye. Abatambyi, abakozi b’Uwiteka, baririre hagati y’umuryango n’igicaniro, kandi bavuge bati: Uwiteka, gira imbabazi ku bwoko bwawe, kandi ntuhe umurage wawe kuba igitutsi, ngo abanyamahanga babategeke; ni iki cyatuma bavuga mu mahanga bati: Imana yabo iri he? Yoweli 2:1, 15–17.

Ubutumwa bw’impanda ni bwo butumwa bwa Eliya. Imikoreshereze inyuranye yose y’ijambo “karindwi” iboneka muri Yosuwa igice cya gatandatu, ni ryo jambo rimwe cyangwa irikomokaho rifitanye isano n’ijambo ryahinduwemo “inshuro ndwi” mu Balewi makumyabiri na gatandatu. Nyamara uruvange rw’imigani rutangwa n’abahanga mu by’iyobokamana b’i Lawodikiya ruvuga ko ijambo ryahinduwemo “inshuro ndwi” mu Balewi makumyabiri na gatandatu rigereranya gusa ubusendere bw’imbaraga, cyangwa ukugira ubwuzure, cyangwa ubundi buryo ubwo ari bwo bwose bw’ubupfu bwo guhakana kwabo ko Miller yari afite ukuri igihe yashyiragaho agaciro k’umubare ku ijambo ryahinduwemo “inshuro ndwi.” Abatambyi bayoboye abantu bazenguruka umujyi inshuro ndwi, si ukuwuzenguruka byuzuye cyangwa mu buryo bwuzuye i Yeriko. Ijambo ryahinduwemo “inshuro ndwi” rihagarariye agaciro k’umubare!

I Yeriko, ubwo abantu bavugaga induru, byagereranyaga ijwi rirenga ry’abihumbi ijana na mirongo ine na bine, batuwe ku musozi bidakozwe n’amaboko muri Daniyeli igice cya kabiri, bakubita kandi bakamenagura cya gishushanyo mo ibice.

> Kandi mu minsi y’abo bami Imana yo mu ijuru izimika ubwami butazigera burimbuka; kandi ubwo bwami ntibuzasigaranira abandi bantu, ahubwo buzajanjagura kandi butsembeho rwose ubwo bwami bwose, kandi buzahoraho iteka ryose. Nk’uko wabonye ko ibuye ryakomowe ku musozi ritakozwe n’amaboko, kandi ko ryajanjaguye ibyuma, n’umuringa, n’ibumba, n’ifeza, n’izahabu; Imana ikomeye yamenyesheje umwami ibizaba hanyuma y’ibi; kandi inzozi ni iz’ukuri, kandi ibisobanuro byazo birahamye. Daniyeli 2:44, 45.

Imana yitaye ku gutondeka urutonde rw’ibyuma by’agaciro byabonetse i Yeriko, ari byo zahabu, ifeza, umuringa n’icyuma. Mu buryo bw’ubuhanuzi, ibumba rigereranya ubwoko bw’Imana nk’uko bwashushanyijwe na Rahabu. Yeriko igereranya iherezo ry’ubwami bwose bwo mu isi mu gihe cy’ijwi rirenga ry’abihumbi ijana na mirongo ine na bane.

> Ariko ifeza yose, n’izahabu, n’ibintu byose by’umuringa n’iby’icyuma, byeguriwe Uwiteka: bizinjira mu bubiko bw’Uwiteka. Yosuwa 6:19.

Yeriko igereranya umurimo wo kunesha Igihugu cy’Isezerano, kikaba gishushanya umurimo w’umuhati ukomeye w’umumalayika wa gatatu. Uwo murimo urimo umuburo, umuvumo, n’agakiza k’abari hanze y’ubutambyi, nk’uko byagereranyijwe na maraya Rahabu.

“Umuvumo” wa gihanuzi wa Yosuwa waje gusohora mu gihe cya Ahabu na Eliya. Umuvumo wo kongera kubaka Yeriko wari urimo ubuhanuzi bwihariye bwavugaga ko umuntu uzabikora azapfusha umuhungu we muto igihe azashyiraho amarembo ya Yeriko, kandi azapfusha umuhungu we mukuru igihe azashyiraho urufatiro rwayo. Mu gihe cya Eliya, Hiyeli w’i Beteli yasohoye ubwo buhanuzi, kandi umuhungu we muto yapfuye igihe yashyiragaho amarembo, naho umuhungu we mukuru apfa igihe yashyiragaho urufatiro. “Umuvumo” ufitanye isano n’ubutumwa bwa Eliya wagereranywaga n’umurimo wo kongera kubaka Yeriko.

> Dore, nzaboherereza Eliya umuhanuzi mbere y’uko umunsi ukomeye kandi uteye ubwoba w’Uwiteka ugera; kandi azagarura imitima y’ababyeyi ku bana babo, n’imitima y’abana ku babyeyi babo, kugira ngo ntazaza ngo nkubite isi umuvumo. Malaki 4:5, 6.

Umuvumo wo mu mateka y’Abamillerite wari ufitanye isano n’ubutumwa bwa Eliya bwa Miller, wahanuwe na Yosuwa kandi usohora mu gihe cya Eliya na Ahabu.

> Mu minsi ya Ahabu ni ho Hiyeli w’i Beteli yubakiye Yeriko: urufatiro rwayo arushyiraho Abiramu imfura ye yapfuye, kandi amarembo yayo ayashyiraho Segubu umwana we w’umuhererezi yapfuye, nk’uko byari bihuje n’ijambo ry’Uwiteka yavugiye muri Yosuwa mwene Nuni. 1 Abami 16:34.

Umuvumo wo kongera kubaka Yeriko ntushobora gutandukanywa no kwigaragaza kw’imbaraga Imana yakoresheje mu guhirika inkike za Yeriko. Mushiki wacu White yaravuze ati: “Abo yubahishije by’umwihariko kuba abagabo bo kwibonera ukwiyerekana gutangaje kw’imbaraga ze, nk’uko byagenze kuri Isirayeli ya kera, maze nubwo bimeze bityo bakihanganira kwirengagiza amabwiriza ye yeruye, bazaba abagenewe umujinya we.” Abamillerite bari bamaze kugira uruhare mu kwigaragaza kw’imbaraga z’Imana kwasozwaga n’Induru yo mu Gicuku, nyamara banze indahiro ya Mose y’inshuro ndwi, Danieli na we agaragaza ko ari wo muvumo wa Mose.

Amazina ni ikimenyetso cy’imico mu Ijambo ry’Imana, kandi izina ry’umugabo wongeye kubaka Yeriko, hamwe n’amazina y’umuhungu we w’imfura n’uwo muto, birasobanura cyane. Hiyeli bisobanura Imana nzima y’imbaraga kandi byerekana ko Hiyeli yari umuyoboke w’Imana nzima. Kuba avugwa ko yari uwo i Beteli bimuhuza n’itorero. Abiramu, imfura ye, bisobanura se w’ubuhagarare bwo hejuru, mu buryo bwo gushyirwa hejuru no kuzamurwa. Umuhungu we muto Segubu bisobanura kuba ku rwego rwo hejuru no gushyirwa hejuru no kuzamurwa. Ayo mazina uko ari atatu agaragaza ingingo z’imico y’Imana, ariko mu rwego rw’ubuhanuzi basohoreje, agereranya umuntu wishyiraga hejuru kandi akishyira hejuru kurusha Imana Ishoborabyose yari yarasenye Yeriko. “Irembo” mu buhanuzi rigereranya itorero.

> “Ku muntu wicisha bugufi kandi wizeye, inzu y’Imana iri ku isi ni irembo ry’ijuru. Indirimbo y’ishimwe, isengesho, amagambo avugwa n’abahagarariye Kristo, ni uburyo Imana yageneye gutegurisha abantu Itorero ryo mu ijuru, ari ryo gusenga guhanitse kurushaho, aho hatagira ikintu na kimwe gihumanya gishobora kwinjira.” Testimonies, volume 5, 491.

Intangiriro y’umurimo wo gutangiza itorero yatangiye mu 1860, nk’uko abahanga mu mateka y’Abadivantisiti nka Arthur White, umwuzukuru wa Ellen White, babihamije.

> “Nubwo Ellen White yari yaranditse kandi yarasohoye mu buryo burambuye ku byerekeye akamaro k’imigendekere irimo gahunda mu micungire y’umurimo w’itorero (reba Early Writings, 97–104), kandi ubwo James White yari yarakomeje gushyira icyo gikenewe imbere y’abizera binyuze mu mbwirwaruhame no mu nyandiko zo muri Review, itorero ryatinze kugira icyo rikora. Ibyari byaratanzwe mu magambo rusange byakiriwe neza, ariko igihe byageraga ku kubihindura mu buryo bufite icyo bwubaka, habagaho ukwanga no kubirwanya. Inyandiko ngufi za James White zo muri Gashyantare zakanguye abatari bake zibakura mu kudamarara, noneho hatangira kuvugwa byinshi cyane.”

> “J. N. Loughborough, wakoranaga na White i Michigan, ni we wa mbere wasubije. Amagambo ye yari ayo kwemera, ariko yo kwiregura:”

> “‘Umuntu umwe aravuga ati, nimwiyubaka mu buryo bwo gutunga umutungo hakurikijwe amategeko, muzaba muri umugabane wa Babuloni. Oya; nsobanukiwe ko hariho itandukaniro rikomeye cyane hagati yo kuba turi mu mwanya wo kurinda umutungo wacu hakurikijwe amategeko no gukoresha amategeko kugira ngo turengere kandi dushyire mu bikorwa ibitekerezo byacu by’idini. Niba ari ikosa kurinda umutungo w’itorero, ni kuki bitaba ikosa ko abantu ku giti cyabo batunga umutungo uwo ari wo wose mu buryo bwemewe n’amategeko?—Review and Herald, March 8, 1860.’”

> “James White yari yarangije amagambo ye muri Review, ashyira imbere y’itorero ikibazo cy’uko umurimo wo gutangaza ibitabo wari ukeneye gutunganywa, akoresheje aya magambo ngo: ‘Niba hari abatemera ibyifuzo byacu, mbese baratwandikira umugambi dushobora gukurikiza twe nk’ubwoko?’—Ibid., 23 Gashyantare 1860. Umukozi wa mbere w’ubutumwa wakoreraga hanze mu murima witabiriye gusubiza ni R. F. Cottrell, umwe mu banditsi b’inararibonye b’inkingi yandikiraga Review. Igisubizo cye cya mbere cyari ukurwanya kutaziguye kandi gukomeye:”

> “‘Umuvandimwe White yasabye bene Data kugira icyo bavuga ku byerekeye icyifuzo cye cyo gutuma itorero rigira umutungo uryanditseho mu buryo bwemewe. Sinsobanukiwe neza urugero rw’icyo agamije muri iki gitekerezo, ariko numva ko ari ukugira ngo twandikwe mu mategeko nk’umuryango w’idini. Jyewe ku bwanjye, ntekereza ko byaba ari ikosa ‘kwihesha izina,’ kuko ari byo bishingirwaho Babuloni. Sintekereza ko Imana yabishyigikira.—Aho hantu nyine, 22 Werurwe 1860.” Arthur White, Ellen G. White, igitabo cya 1, 420, 421.

Yakobo White yatangiye umuhati we wo guhinduka itorero mu mwaka wa 1860, kandi itorero rigereranywa n’“irembo”. Ellen White avuga ibi ku mwaka wa 1860.

> “Mu mwaka wa 1860 urupfu rwambutse umuryango wacu, rumena ishami rito kurusha ayandi yose ry’igiti cy’umuryango wacu. Agahungu kacu Herbert, kavutse ku wa 20 Nzeri 1860, kapfuye ku wa 14 Ukuboza muri uwo mwaka nyine.” Testimonies, volume 1, 103.

Mu mwaka wa 1863, Abazungu na bo barokotse n’umwana wabo w’imfura. Amaze gukina no gushyuha cyane, yinjiye mu cyumba barimo bateguriramo ibishushanyo byo ku bitambaro maze araryama ku bitambaro bimwe byari bikiri bitose byakoreshwaga mu gutegura ibyo bishushanyo. Ibishushanyo byo mu 1843 n’ibyo mu 1850 bigereranya urufatiro rw’umutwe wa Millerite. Igishushanyo cyakozwe mu 1863 kigereranya kwanga “ibihe birindwi” byo mu Balewi makumyabiri na gatandatu nk’uko byari byagaragajwe mbere ku mbaho ebyiri za Habakuki. Gitanga ubutumwa bw’ibanze bw’impimbano.

> “Ku wa Gatanu, tariki ya 27 Ugushyingo [1863], igihe ababyeyi bageraga i Topsham, basanze abahungu babo batatu na Adelia babategereje kuri sitasiyo. Bose basaga n’abafite amagara mazima, uretse Henry wari warafashwe n’ibicurane. Ariko ku wa Kabiri wakurikiyeho, tariki ya 1 Ukuboza, Henry yari arembye cyane azize umusonga. Nyuma y’imyaka myinshi, Willie, murumuna we w’imfura y’umuhererezi, yongeye kubumbatira uko byagenze:”

> “Igihe ababyeyi babo batari bahari, Henry na Edson, bayobowe na Mwene Data Howland, bari bahugiye cyane mu gufatisha ku mwenda ya mbonerahamwe, bazitegura kugurishwa. Bakoreraga mu nzu y’ubucuruzi bakodesheje, iri nko muri blo kimwe uvuye ku rugo rwa Howland. Amaherezo babonye akaruhuko k’iminsi mike mu gihe bari bategereje ko bohererezwa za mbonerahamwe zivuye i Boston.... Amaze kugaruka avuye mu rugendo rurerure yagendeye ku nkombe z’umugezi, we [Henry] yaryamye atabitekerejeho ku myenda mike yari ifite ubuhehere yakoreshwaga mu gushyigikira za mbonerahamwe z’impapuro. Umuyaga ukonje wahuhaga winjira unyuze mu idirishya ryari rifunguye. Ubu kutitonda kwatumye afatwa n’ibicurane bikomeye.” Arthur White, Ellen G. White, igitabo cya 2, 70.

Mu 1863, urugendo rw’Abamilerite rwarangiye hashyizweho itorero no kwangwa kw’ukuri kw’ishingiro kwari kugaragajwe ku bisate bibiri bya Habakkuk. Umuyobozi mukuru, nk’uko yashushanyijwe na Hiyeli w’Umubeteli, yari yaratangiye umurimo wo gushinga amarembo mu 1860, maze ahomba umwana we w’umuhererezi abitewe no kubikora. Mu 1863, imbonerahamwe z’impimbano zabaye ahantu ho kuruhukira aho umuhungu wa mbere wa Hiyeli yafatiye agatotsi. Yafashwe n’imbeho maze apfa muri uwo mwaka nyine. Urupfu rwe rwari rufitanye isano itaziguye no gusinzira ku mbonerahamwe zari zirimo gutegurwa icyo gihe. Ariko imbonerahamwe yari irimo gutegurwa mu 1863 yari impimbano y’ishingiro Eliya, washushanywaga na Miller, yari yarubatse.

Itegeko rya Yosuwa ribuza kongera kubaka Yeriko, ryagaragajwe n’ijambo “yarahije.” Rihagarariye indahiro n’umuvumo, kandi ni na ryo jambo rimwe ryahinduwemo ngo “incuro zirindwi” mu gitabo cy’Abalewi makumyabiri na gatandatu. Uwo ni wo muvumo uherekeza ubutumwa bwa Eliya, kandi uwo muvumo wasohorejwe mu 1860 no mu 1863 ubwo Uvadivantisiti bw’Abamileri bwasubizagaho Yeriko binyuze mu ishingwa ry’itorero ryemewe n’amategeko no mu kwanga ibuye ry’igitsitaza rya Milleri. Hiyeli yari Umunyabeteli, bityo mu buryo bw’ubuhanuzi bigashimangira ko umurimo wa Hiyeli wo kongera kubaka Yeriko, wari umurimo wo kubaka itorero.

“Umuvumo” wa Yosuwa watangajwe mu isano n’inkuru y’intambara ya Yeriko, intambara idashobora kuvugwa hatongeye kugaragazwa kenshi ko ari “incuro zirindwi.”

Mu 1863, ubutumwa cyangwa “indahiro” bya Mose, nk’uko byatanzwe na Eliya kandi bigaragazwa na William Miller, byazanye “umuvumo.” Ubutumwa bwa Mose n’umurimo wa Eliya byombi byaranzekwaga. Eliya yagarutse mu 1989, ariko ntiyongeye guhuzwa na Mose kugeza nyuma ya 11 Nzeri 2001. Ayo makuru aracyakeneye gushyigikirwa no kugaragazwa, ariko arakomeye cyane ku buryo nta cyo wayashidikanyaho.

> “Abakozi b’umurimo batatunganijwe bera bihagurukiye kurwanya Imana. Bashimagiza Kristo n’imana y’iyi si mu guhumeka kumwe. Nubwo bavuga ko bemera Kristo, bahobera Baraba, kandi mu bikorwa byabo bakavuga bati, ‘Si uyu Muntu, ahubwo ni Baraba.’ Abasoma bose aya magambo nibyitonde cyane. Satani yirase ibyo ashobora gukora. Atekereza ko ashobora gusenya ubumwe Kristo yasabiye ko bwabaho mu itorero Rye. Aravuga ati, ‘Nzajya imbere mbe umwuka w’ibinyoma wo kubeshya abo nzabasha, kugira ngo banegure, bacireho iteka, kandi bagoreke ukuri.’ Nimureke umwana w’uburiganya n’ubuhamya bw’ibinyoma yakirwe n’itorero ryahawe umucyo mwinshi, ibimenyetso byinshi, kandi iryo torero rizata ubutumwa Uwiteka yohereje, ryakire ibyavuzwe bidafite ishingiro na gato n’ibitekerezo by’ibinyoma n’inyigisho z’ibinyoma. Satani aseka ubupfapfa bwabo, kuko azi ukuri icyo ari cyo.”

> “Benshi bazahagarara mu bibuga byacu byo kubwirizamo bafite mu maboko yabo itoroshi y’ubuhanuzi bw’ibinyoma, yacanywe ikomotse ku itoroshi ya Satani y’ikuzimu. Niba gushidikanya no kutizera bibungabungwa, abakozi b’Imana bizerwa bazavanwaho muri abo bantu batekereza ko bazi byinshi cyane. Kristo yaravuze ati: ‘Iyo uza kuba waramenye, nawe ubwawe nibura kuri uyu munsi wawe, ibintu birebana n’amahoro yawe! ariko none bihishwe amaso yawe.’”

> “Nubwo urufatiro rw’Imana ruhagaze rushikamye. Uwiteka azi abe. Umukozi wejejwe ntagomba kugira uburyarya mu kanwa ke. Agomba kuba agaragara nk’amanywa y’ihangu, atanduye namba n’ikizinga cyose cy’ikibi. Ubutumwa n’itangazamakuru byejejwe bizaba imbaraga mu kumurikira uru rubyaro rugoramye umucyo w’ukuri. Mucyo, bene Data, dukeneye umucyo urushijeho. Muvuza impanda i Siyoni; murangurure impuruza ku musozi wera. Mukoranye ingabo z’Uwiteka, zifite imitima yejejwe, kugira ngo zumve icyo Uwiteka azabwira ubwoko bwe; kuko yongereye umucyo ku bazashaka kumva bose. Nibitwaze intwaro kandi bitegure, bazamuke bajye ku rugamba—gutabara Uwiteka ngo barwanye abanyamaboko. Imana ubwayo izakorera Isirayeli. Ururimi rwose rubeshya ruzacecekeshwa. Amaboko y’abamarayika azasenya imigambi y’uburiganya iri gucurwa. Inzitiro za Satani ntizizigera zinesha. Insinzi izaherekeza ubutumwa bw’umumarayika wa gatatu. Nk’uko Umutware w’ingabo z’Uwiteka yashenye inkike z’i Yeriko, ni ko n’ubwoko bw’Uwiteka bwitondera amategeko buzanesha, kandi ibiburwanya byose bizatsindwa. Ntihakagire ubugingo na bumwe bwinubira abagaragu b’Imana babugannye bazanye ubutumwa buvuye mu ijuru. Ntimukongere kubashakaho amakosa, muvuga muti, ‘Barakabya cyane; bavuga amagambo akarishye cyane.’ Bashobora kuvuga bakomeje; ariko se si ngombwa? Imana izatuma amatwi y’ababyumva avuza ubuhuha nibatazumvira ijwi ryayo cyangwa ubutumwa bwayo. Izacira urubanza abarwanya ijambo ry’Imana.”

> “Satani yashyizeho ingamba zose zishoboka kugira ngo hatagira ikintu na kimwe kiza hagati muri twe nk’ubwoko cyaducyaha, kikaduhana, kandi kikaduhugurira kurekura amakosa yacu. Ariko hariho ubwoko buzatwara isanduku y’Imana. Hari bamwe bazava muri twe batagikomeza gutwara isanduku. Ariko abo ntibashobora kubaka inkuta zo gukingira ukuri; kuko kuzagenda gukomeza kujya imbere no kuzamuka kugeza ku iherezo. Mu bihe byahise Imana yagiye ihagurutsa abantu, kandi n’ubu iracyafite abantu b’akanya bakiteguye, biteguye gukora ibyo ibategetse—abantu bazanyura mu mbogamizi zimeze gusa nk’inkuta zisizwe isima idafatana. Iyo Imana ishyize Umwuka Wayo ku bantu, bazakora. Bazatangaza ijambo ry’Uwiteka; bazarangurura ijwi ryabo nk’impanda. Ukuri ntikuzagabanywa cyangwa ngo gutakaze imbaraga zako mu maboko yabo. Bazereka abantu ibicumuro byabo, n’inzu ya Yakobo ibyaha byayo.” Testimonies to Ministers, 409–411.

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