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# Imiburo Bihwanye — Nimero Ya Gatatu

Gukomezwa kw’Ubutumwa bw’Ubuhanuzi: Uko Inshingano y’Abamarayika bo mu Byahishuwe Igeragezwa mu Rukurikirane

Author

Jeff Pippenger

Published

August 8, 2023

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Mu nyandiko iheruka twarangije twerekana ko abamarayika uko ari batatu bo mu Byahishuwe cumi na bine bafite ubutumwa mu maboko yabo. Marayika wa kabiri n’uwa gatatu bagaragazwa ko bafite “umuzingo,” bari kumwe na wo igihe bamanukana ubutumwa bwabo. Buri marayika ahagarariye ubutumwa, kandi ukuza kwa buri butumwa gutera ingaruka. Marayika wa mbere yagezeho mu mwaka wa 1798. Ubutumwa bwe bwafunguweho ikimenyetso, maze habaho kwiyongera k’ubumenyi ku byerekeye urubanza rwari rugiye kuza. Uko kwiyongera k’ubumenyi kwabyaye amatsinda abiri y’abaramya. Igihe marayika wa kabiri yageraga, ubutumwa bw’ugukorwa k’Abaporotesitanti bwafunguweho ikimenyetso, maze habaho kwiyongera k’ubumenyi kandi haboneka amatsinda abiri. Igihe ubutumwa bw’Induru yo mu Gicuku bwageraga ku wa 22 Ukwakira 1844, bwafunguweho ikimenyetso mu nama y’inkambi ya Exeter, maze habaho kwiyongera k’ubumenyi kandi haboneka amatsinda abiri y’abakobwa b’inkumi. Igihe marayika wa gatatu yageraga ku wa 22 Ukwakira 1844, ubutumwa bwa marayika wa gatatu n’ibyo bwose buhagarariye byafunguweho ikimenyetso, maze habaho kwiyongera k’ubumenyi kandi haboneka amatsinda abiri.

Ikindi kiranga gishobora kuboneka mu bamarayika gifitanye isano no guhabwa imbaraga k’ubutumwa bw’umumarayika. Ubutumwa bw’umumarayika wa kabiri bwahawe imbaraga n’ubutumwa bw’Induru yo mu Gicuku, nk’uko ingingo ibanziriza iyi yabigaragaje, ariko Induru yo mu Gicuku ntigereranywa n’umumarayika umwe rukumbi, ahubwo igereranywa n’abamarayika benshi. Amateka ajyanye n’umumarayika wa kabiri n’Induru yo mu Gicuku agaragaza ko ubutumwa bw’umumarayika wa kabiri bwahawe imbaraga igihe Induru yo mu Gicuku yifatanyaga na bwo. Muri icyo gitabo nyine tubwirwamo hati:

> “Nabonye abamarayika bihutira kujya hirya no hino mu ijuru. Bamanukiraga ku isi, bongera bakazamuka bajya mu ijuru, bategura isohozwa ry’igikorwa runaka gikomeye. Hanyuma mbona undi mumarayika ukomeye ahabwa inshingano zo kumanuka ku isi, agahuza ijwi rye n’iry’umumarayika wa gatatu, kandi agaha ubutumwa bwe imbaraga n’ubukomezi. Uwo mumarayika yaherejwe imbaraga n’ubwiza byinshi, maze amanuka, isi imurikirwa n’ubwiza bwe. Umucyo wagendaga imbere y’uyu mumarayika kandi ukamukurikira inyuma, winjiye ahantu hose, ubwo yatakishaga cyane n’ijwi rikomeye, ati: Babuloni Ikomeye iraguye, iraguye, kandi yahindutse ubuturo bw’abadayimoni, n’indiri ya buri mwuka wanduye, n’akazu ka buri nyoni ihumanye kandi yangwa. Ubutumwa bwo kugwa kwa Babuloni, nk’uko bwatanzwe n’umumarayika wa kabiri, bwongeye gutangwa, hiyongereyeho kononekara kwinjiye mu matorero kuva mu mwaka wa 1844. Umurimo w’uyu mumarayika ugera mu gihe gikwiriye, ugafatanya n’umurimo wa nyuma ukomeye w’ubutumwa bw’umumarayika wa gatatu, uko bugenda bwaguka bukaba gutaka kuranguruye. Kandi abantu b’Imana barategurirwa hose guhagarara bashikamye mu gihe cy’ikigeragezo bagiye guhura na cyo bidatinze. Nabonye umucyo mwinshi ubamanukaho, maze bifatanya muri ubwo butumwa, kandi batangaza ubutumwa bw’umumarayika wa gatatu nta bwoba, bafite imbaraga zikomeye.”

> “Abamarayika boherejwe gutabara wa mumarayika ukomeye wari uvuye mu ijuru, kandi numvise amajwi yasaga n’aho yumvikanira hose, ati: Nimusohoke muri we, bantu banjye, kugira ngo mutifatanya n’ibyaha bye, kandi kugira ngo mutazagerwaho n’ibyago bye; kuko ibyaha bye byageze mu ijuru, kandi Imana yibutse gukiranirwa kwe. Ubu butumwa bwasaga n’ubwiyongereye ku butumwa bwa gatatu, kandi bwabwifatanyijeho, nk’uko induru yo mu gicuku yifatanyije n’ubutumwa bw’umumarayika wa kabiri mu 1844. Ubwiza bw’Imana bwaruhukiye ku bera bihangana kandi bategereje, maze batanga badatinya umuburo wa nyuma ukomeye, batangaza kugwa kwa Babuloni, kandi bahamagarira ubwoko bw’Imana kuyisohokamo; kugira ngo babone kurokoka igihano cyayo giteye ubwoba.” Spiritual Gifts, volume 1, 193, 194.

Ijwi ryo mu gicuku wahuje n’umumarayika wa kabiri, kandi umumarayika wo mu Byahishuwe igice cya cumi n’umunani yifatanya n’umumarayika wa gatatu; kandi igihe yifatanya n’umumarayika wa gatatu, aba asubiramo ukwifatanya kw’Ijwi ryo mu gicuku n’umumarayika wa kabiri mu itangiriro ry’Ubwadivantisiti. Dushingiye ku batangabuhamya babiri, ni ukuvuga umumarayika wa kabiri n’uwa gatatu, ubutumwa bwa buri mumarayika bugira ubutumwa bwa kabiri bubwongerera imbaraga. Abo batangabuhamya babiri bigisha ko igihe ubutumwa bw’umumarayika wa mbere bwageraga mu mateka, hagombaga kubaho igihe cyakurikiyeho ubwo ubwo butumwa bwahabwaga imbaraga n’ubutumwa bwa kabiri. Birumvikana ko ibyo byari ukuri no ku mumarayika wa mbere. Mu gika cya mbere cy’umwandiko muremure tumaze kugaragaza, Mushiki wacu White ahuza ku mumarayika wa mbere ibiranga bimwe Yohani aha umumarayika wo mu Byahishuwe igice cya cumi n’umunani, igihe avuga ati: “Nabwiwe ko umurimo we wari uwo kumurikisha isi ikoreshejwe ubwiza bwe, no kuburira umuntu uburakari bw’Imana bugiye kuza.” Biragaragara ko muri uwo mwandiko aba yerekeza ku mumarayika wa mbere.

Ubutumwa bw’umumarayika wa mbere bwageze mu mwaka wa 1798, hanyuma buhabwa imbaraga ku wa 11 Kanama 1840, igihe ubutegetsi bw’ikirenga bw’Abottomani bwarangiraga. Muri icyo gihe, wa mumarayika ukomeye wo mu Ibyahishuwe 10 yamanutse ava mu ijuru, ashyira ikirenge kimwe ku butaka n’ikindi ku nyanja. Ahagarariye guhabwa imbaraga k’ubutumwa bw’umumarayika wa mbere, kandi icyo ni cyo kigaragaza umurimo w’umumarayika wa mbere ko ari wo murimo umwe n’uw’umumarayika wo mu Ibyahishuwe 18. Bombi bagombaga kumurikisha isi ubwiza bwabo, ariko umumarayika wo mu Ibyahishuwe 18 yifatanya n’umumarayika wa gatatu, nk’uko no Kurarika kwa Saa Sita z’Ijoro kwifatanyije n’umumarayika wa kabiri kandi nk’uko n’umumarayika wamanutse mu Ibyahishuwe 10 yifatanyije n’umumarayika wa mbere.

Ni cyo gituma, igihe marayika wa mbere yazaga, ubutumwa bwafunguweho ikimenyetso, bukabyara amatsinda abiri y’abaramya. Igihe ubutumwa bwa marayika wa mbere bwahawe imbaraga na marayika wo mu Ibyahishuwe icumi, wari ufite agatabo gatoya mu kuboko kwe, ategeka Yohana kukarya, bityo bikerekana ko yazanye ubutumwa, akabufunguraho ikimenyetso kandi bukabyara amatsinda abiri y’abaramya. Igihe marayika wa kabiri, Kurira kwa Saa Sita z’ijoro, na marayika wa gatatu bazaga, habayeho ubutumwa bwafunguweho ikimenyetso bwagerageje kandi bukabyara amatsinda abiri y’abaramya.

Igice tuvuga gishimangira, binyuze mu kugereranya amateka ya Kristo n’amateka y’Abamilerite, yuko uburyo bwo kugeragezwa bukurikirana bwabaye mu mateka y’Abamilerite na bwo bwabaye no mu minsi ya Kristo, wari iherezo rya Isirayeli ya kera. Niba uburyo bwo kugeragezwa bukurikirana bwarabaye mu ntangiriro za Isirayeli yo mu mwuka no ku iherezo rya Isirayeli ya kera, noneho na bwo buzabaho ku iherezo rya Isirayeli yo mu mwuka, nk’uko byari biri mu ntangiriro za Isirayeli ya kera.

Mu mateka y’Abamilerite, ibi byagereranya ihishurwa ritanu ryagerageje kandi rikabyara ibyiciro bibiri by’abaramya kuva mu 1798 kugeza ku ya 22 Ukwakira 1844. Uyu murongo wigisha mu buryo bugaragara ko iyo utsinzwe ikigeragezo kimwe, utazatsinda ikindi gikurikira, kuko utazanagerageza no kukinyuramo. Kandi biragaragara ko mu gihe cya Kristo, inzira yo kugeragezwa irangirana n’uko abari baratoranijwe mbere nk’ubwoko bw’isezerano baba bari mu mwijima mwinshi rwose ku byerekeye umugambi w’agakiza. Daniyeli na Yohana bagereranya abumva ijwi ribari inyuma, ari bo banyuze mu nzira y’igeragezwa ikomeza buhoro buhoro, yasabaga ko buri kuri gushya kwahishurwaga kugenzurwa no gushungurwa ku giti cya buri muntu.

Ibitabo bya Daniyeli n’Ibyahishuwe ni igitabo kimwe, kandi Daniyeli na Yohana ni bo bagabo babiri b’abahamya b’icyo gitabo kimwe. Umuhamya umwe ni intangiriro y’icyo gitabo, undi muh amya akaba iherezo ryacyo. Abo bahamya bombi bahuye n’urupfu n’izuka mu buryo bw’ikigereranyo; umwe yatotejwe n’ubwami bw’Abamedi n’Abaperesi, (bugereranya Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika) undi atotezwa n’i Roma, (igereranya ubupapa). Yohana aratotezwa kuko akomeza Isabato, bihuje na Daniyeli watotejwe azira kwanga guhindura uburyo bwo kuramya bwe. Bari hamwe bahagarariye abazaba bari ku iherezo ry’isi batotezwa bazira kwanga kwemera kuramya ku Cyumweru mu mwanya w’Isabato y’umunsi wa karindwi.

Abantu bagereranyijwe na Daniyeli na Yohana ni bo bashyizweho cyangwa bazashyirwaho ikimenyetso, kuko ubwo Daniyeli yajugunywaga mu rwobo rw’intare azira kutumvira “itegeko” ry’umwami, umwami yashyize ikimenyetso ku ibuye, kugira ngo umugambi utazahindurwa. Daniyeli yashyiriweho ikimenyetso cy’iteka ryose, kuko itegeko ry’umwami ndetse n’ububasha bw’ikirango cye bitashoboraga guhindurwa, nk’uko amategeko y’Abamedi n’Abaperesi yabitegekaga. Ikirango cy’umwami cyashyizwe ku ibuye, maze urugi rurakingwa. Urugi rufungwa igihe cy’itegeko ryo ku Cyumweru, kandi nta muntu ushobora kurufungura, nk’uko n’urugi rwafunzwe ku wa 22 Ukwakira 1844. Ibi byari urugero rworoheje rw’akamaro ko kutita gusa ku bintu by’ubuhanuzi bishyirwa ahagaragara mu buhanuzi, ahubwo no ku kamaro ko gushyira mu ngiro imimerere ikikije umuhanuzi igihe agaragajwe muri iyo nkuru.

Ariko kandi ibi ni urugero rw’imbaraga z’uko gutekereza intangiriro (igitabo cya Daniyeli) n’iherezo (igitabo cy’Ibyahishuwe) hamwe, nk’abahamya babiri b’ubuhanuzi bumwe, kuko abahamya babiri ari bo basabwa kugira ngo ihame rya Bibiliya rishingwe. Ibyabaye byahanuwe n’ishusho y’ibikorwa by’abahanuzi bifitanye isano n’ubwo buhanuzi, byombi byahumetswe n’Imana.

> Ibyanditswe byose byahumetswe n’Imana, kandi bigira umumaro wo kwigisha inyigisho, uwo gucyaha, uwo gukosora, uwo gutoza gukiranuka; kugira ngo umuntu w’Imana abe utunganye rwose, ashobozwe rwose gukora imirimo yose myiza. 2 Timoteyo 3:16, 17.

Niba ibyabaye byahanuwe muri Bibiliya bishushanya iherezo ry’isi, noneho ishusho y’umuhanuzi n’ibimukikije igihe yakira kandi ahamya iby’ubwo buhanuzi na yo ni ishusho y’iherezo ry’isi. Kubera iyo mpamvu, igihe ibimukikije by’umuhanuzi n’ibikorwa bye bishushanywa mu buryo bw’ubuhanuzi, uwo muhanuzi aba ari ishusho y’ubwoko bw’Imana ku iherezo ry’isi. Dufite uko gusobanukirwa, iyo duhuje umurongo w’ubuhanuzi bwa Eliya wa Malaki n’imirongo yo mu Byahishuwe cumi na bine na cumi n’umunani, byose bihamya amateka y’ubutumwa bwa nyuma bwo kuburira—ariko ubuhamya bwabyo ni ubw’incuro ebyiri.

Ubutumwa bugizwe n’ibyabaye byahanuwe biri hanze y’ubwoko bw’Imana, kandi ubuhamya bwa kabiri bugizwe n’ibyo umuhanuzi yaciyemo mu gihe yahabwaga ubutumwa no mu gihe yabwamamazaga. Igitekerezo cy’ubuhanuzi cy’imirongo ibiri y’ubuhanuzi ihagarariye iby’inyuma n’iby’imbere by’amateka amwe cyaramenyekanye kandi cyandikwa mu nyandiko rusange n’abatangije Adventismu. Mu bitekerezo byanjye, urugero rwa kera rw’iri hame rwakoreshejwe n’abo batangije uwo murimo ni igihe bagaragaza ko amatorero arindwi yo mu Ibyahishuwe n’ibimenyetso birindwi byo mu Ibyahishuwe ari amateka agenda abangikanye agaragaza amateka y’imbere n’ay’inyuma y’itorero. Ibimenyetso bihagarariye amateka y’inyuma, amatorero na yo ay’imbere.

Ubutumwa bwa Eliya bwo muri Malaki, Ibyahishuwe igice cya cumi na kane n’icya cumi n’umunani, byerekana ubutumwa bumwe bw’umuburo wa nyuma, ari na bwo bwitwa kandi “Ibyahishuwe bya Yesu Kristo” mu gice cya mbere cy’Ibyahishuwe. Mu gice cya mbere, Imana Data yahaye ubwo butumwa Kristo, na we abuha Gaburiyeli, Gaburiyeli abuha Yohana, hanyuma Yohana abwoherereza amatorero. Ubutumwa bwa Eliya, kimwe n’ubutumwa bugereranywa mu Byahishuwe igice cya mbere, icya cumi na kane n’icya cumi n’umunani, ni ubutumwa bumwe rwose.

> Kandi imyuka y’abahanuzi igenzurwa n’abahanuzi. Kuko Imana atari yo nkomoko y’imivurungano, ahubwo ni iy’amahoro, nk’uko bimeze mu matorero yose y’abera. 1 Abakorinto 14:32, 33.

Buri gihe iba ari ubutumwa bumwe, kuko “abahanuzi bategekwa n’abahanuzi.” Ijambo ryahinduwemo “bategekwa” muri iyo mirongo risobanura ngo, “gushyira munsi y’ubutegetsi; mu buryo bwisubiraho kwumvira: – kuba mu kumvira (uwumvira), gushyirwa munsi, kuneshywa kugeza aho, kuba (cyangwa kugirwa) utegekwa (na, kugeza kuri), kuba (cyangwa gushyirwa) mu kugengwa (na, munsi ya), kwishyira munsi ya.” Abahanuzi bose bahuriza hamwe, kandi bagengwa na bagenzi babo cyangwa n’ubutumwa batanze; bitaba bityo ubutumwa bwabo bwateza urujijo.

Ingero zose z’ubuhanuzi z’ubutumwa bwa nyuma bw’umuburo zigereranya ubutumwa bumwe. Ni umugambi w’Umwami ko ababarwa ko ari “abanyabwenge” bo mu mugani w’abakobwa cumi, ari na bo bitwa “abanyabwenge” “basobanukirwa” “kwiyongera kw’ubumenyi” igihe igitabo cya Daniyeli gifunguwe; ni ubushake bw’Umwami ko “abanyabwenge” bamenya ubwo butumwa bwihariye igihe bufunguwe. Ukwo kubumenya kugerwaho no gukoresha uburyo bw’iyigisho ya Bibiliya bugaragazwa by’umwihariko muri Bibiliya ubwayo. Uko buryo bukorwa hakurikijwe Yesaya makumyabiri n’umunani, binyuze mu gikorwa cyo guhuza imirongo itandukanye y’ubuhanuzi ivuga ku ngingo ya Bibiliya, igashyirwa ibangikanye, kugira ngo hashyirweho neza ibyabaye by’ubuhanuzi.

Ndasaba kwihangana kwanyu mu gihe dusoza iyi nyandiko hano, kandi tuzakomeza ibi bitekerezo mu nyandiko ikurikira.

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