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# Ebyafaayo ebikwekeddwa eby’olunyiriri olw’amakumi ana - Ennamba Bbiri

Amerika ey’Obumwe, etteeka lya Patriot, n’ekkubo erituusa ku kutuukirizibwa kw’obunnabbi

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Jeff Pippenger

Published

September 19, 2024

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Twamaliriza ekiwandiiko ekyasembayo ne sentensi eyategeeza nti, "Mu 2001 gavumenti ya United States yateeka mu mateeka Patriot Act."

> Waliwo bangi, ne mu abo abenyigidde mu kibiina ekirwanirira okukakamizibwa kw’okukuuma Ssande, abazibiddwa amaaso ku bivaamu ebigenda okugoberera ekikolwa kino. Tebalaba nti bali kulumba ddala eddembe ly’eddiini. Waliwo bangi abatannategeera nsonga za Ssabbiiti ya Bayibuli n’ensise ey’obulimba mwe wesigamidde enkola y’okukuuma Ssande. Buli kawefube ow’okuwagira amateeka ag’eddiini mu byobufuzi, mu mazima, kiba kikolwa eky’okugondera Obwakapapa, obw’emirembe mingi bulijjo bulwanira okuziiyiza eddembe ly’okusalawo mu mutima. Okukuuma Ssande, nga kiyitibwa nti ekitongole eky’Obukristayo, kuberawo kwako kusinziira ku ‘ekyama ky’obujeemu;’ era okukakamizibwa kwako kujja kuba nga kukkiriza mu butuufu emisingi egiri ejjinja ery’ensiinziro ery’ObuRoma obw’Abakatoliki. Bwe kinaaba eggwanga lyaffe lisuddeewo emisingi egy’obufuzi bwalyo ne liteekawo etteeka ery’okuuma Ssande, mu kikolwa ekyo Obupurotesitanti bujja kweyunga n’Obwakapapa; tewaliba kirala wabula okuwa obulamu eri obukambwe obubadde okumala ebbanga ddene bulindirira n’obwegwanyiza omukisa okuddamu okuwumbuka mu bufuzi obukambwe obukola. Obujulizi, voliyumu 5, 711.

Omwaka gwa 1888 gwabeeranga ekifaananyi kya 2001, era kwe kwakaleeterwa ekiteeso ky’amateeka kya Blair, newaakubadde nga okulemererwa kwakyo okuyisibwa ne kuziyiza okwogera mu ngeri y’obunnabbi. Kyafuuka akabonero ka 66 AD, obwetooloobye obwatandikibwa ne bwaddizibwamu mu ngeri ey’ewuunyisa. Bwe kitegeerekebwa nti waliwo ebiseera bibiri eby’okukemebwa eby’ekifaananyi ky’ensolo, era nti ekiseera eky’okubiri kitandika n’etteeka lya Sande mu United States, ekifaananyizibwa omwaka 321, era nti ekiseera kino kiggwa nga etteeka lya Sande ery’ensi yonna, erifaananyizibwa omwaka 538, liteekezibwa mu bujjuvu; olwo mu bunabbi kyetaagisa nti n’entandikwa y’ekiseera ekyasooka eky’okukemebwa kw’ekifaananyi ky’ensolo etandikira ku kabonero akafaananyiza etteeka lya Sande nga kiyogeddwa. Mu 1888, ekiteeso ky’amateeka kya Blair kyali okwegezaako okukaka etteeka lya Sande ery’eggwanga, era 1888 alaga ekiseera malayika ow’Okubikkulirwa 18 lw’akka n’ayaka ensi n’ekitiibwa kye.

Patriot Act kye ekifaananyizo kya tteeka lya Sande ekitandika ekiseera eky’okukemebwa eky’ekifananyi ky’ekisolo mu United States. United States eyogera ng’ejjoka mu kutuukiriza Okubikkulirwa essuula kkumi n’asatu, omusokke ogw’ekkumi n’emu, bw’eteeka mu nkola etteeka lya Sande. Bwe eteeka mu nkola etteeka eryo ejja kwogera ng’ejjoka, era etteeka eryo lya Sande eraga nti ekifananyi ky’ekisolo kimaze okutuukirizibwa ddala mu United States. Mu kiseera ekyo United States emaze okujjula ekikompe ky’ekiseera kyayo eky’okugezesebwa, era okuleka Katonda okw’eggwanga kugobererwa okuzikirira okw’eggwanga. Mu kiseera ekyo United States ekoma okuba obwakabaka obw’omukaaga mu bunabbi bwa Bayibuli nga okwegatta okw’obusatu kutekeddwawo.

Alufa n'Omega bulijjo alaga enkomerero wamu n’entandikwa, era mu ntandikwa ya United States waaliwo emirundi esatu United States bwe yayogera mu bunnabbi, ne bimaka entandikwa ya United States ng’obwakabaka obw’omukaaga mu bunnabbi bwa Baibuli. Okulangirirwa kw’Obwetwaze mu 1776, ne kikulikirirwa Ssemateeka ogwa 1789, oluvannyuma Amateeka g’Abagenyi n’Obujeemu aga 1798, bino bimanyisa emirundi esooka esatu United States bwe yayogera mu bunnabbi. Buli kimu ku biwandiiko ebisatu ebyo kyakiikirira okwogera kwa United States. Ensonga ezo ssatu ze zaaleeta 1798, entandikwa y’United States okufuga ng’obwakabaka obw’omukaaga mu bunnabbi bwa Baibuli. Obubonero obusatu obwo obw’omu ntandikwa ya United States, bukiikirira obubonero obusatu obutwala ku nkomerero y’United States okufuga ng’obwakabaka obw’omukaaga mu bunnabbi bwa Baibuli.

Etteeka erya Patriot Act kye kisooka ku mirundi esatu United States gy’eyogera, nga yeetooloola okutuuka ku nkomerero yaayo ng’obwakabaka obw’omukaaga. Okuyogera okw’okusatu okulambulula enkomerero y’obwakabaka obw’omukaaga kwe tteeka lya Ssande. Mu makkati g’ebyafaayo ebyo emisango gya Pelosi egy’ennaku eya January 6, egyatandikibwa mu 2022, gyateekebwawo. Emisango gino gyali okugaana butereevu obuyinza obuteekebwamu mu Ssemateeka kubanga gyali gya bya poliitiki mu ngeri yaagyo, era lawfare tekyali kubeera byokka okukola by’obulimba ku mazima, wabula kyali kulumba butereevu amateeka 'procedural' n' 'substantive' nga bwe gaalambikibwa mu Ssemateeka.

Patriot Act mu 2001 yali okulumba okw’obutereevu ku “Due Process Clause” ekirabikira mu byombi “Fifth Amendment” ne “Fourteenth Amendment” eza Ssemateeka gwa United States. Bino biteekawo nti tewali muntu ayinza kuggyibwako obulamu, eddembe oba eby’obugagga bye awatali “due process” w’amateeka. Ebyo byali mu 2001, ate mu 2022 okulumba Ssemateeka kwateekebwamu essira ku “procedural due process” ne “substantive due process” byombi. Ekigambo “repudiate” kitegeeza kugaana, era Sister White alambulula nti ku tteeka erya Sande mu United States buli nsonga enkalakkalira ey’omu Ssemateeka ejja kugaanyizibwa.

> Okuyitira mu tteeka erikakasa enteekateeka y’obwapaapa nga limenya etteeka lya Katonda, eggwanga lyaffe lijja kweyawula ddala ku butuukirivu. Bwe obupulotesitanti bunaawanika omukono gwabwo okugenda emitala w’ekituli ekinene okukwata ku gwa buyinza bwa Roma, ate bwe bunaayita emitala w’akazikiza ne bukwata engalo n’eby’emizimu, nga wansi w’obuyinza bw’omukago guno ogw’ebitundu bisatu eggwanga lyaffe linaagaana buli ntandikwa ey’Omussemateeka gwalyo ng’egavumenti ya Pulotesitanti era ya republika, ne liteekawo entegeka ez’okwanguya okusaasaanya obulimba n’eby’okulimbisa eby’obwapaapa, olwo tunaamanya nti ekiseera kituuse eky’okukolera kwa Ssetaani okw’ekitalo era nti enkomerero eri kumpi.

> Nga bwe okusembera kw’amagye g’Abarooma kwali akabonero eri abayigirizwa nti okuzikirira kwa Yerusaalemi kwali okusembayo, bwe kityo n’obujeemu buno busobola okuba akabonero eri ffe nti okugumiikiriza kwa Katonda kutuuse ku nsalo, nti ekipimo ky’obujeemu bw’eggwanga lyaffe kijjudde, era nti Malayika w’ekisa ali kumpi okubuna ennyonyi, obutaddayo nate. Awo abantu ba Katonda balisuulibwa mu mbeera ezo ez’okubonaabona n’obweraliikirivu bannabbi ze baategeeza nga ekiseera eky’obuzibu bwa Yakobo. Okukaaba kw’abeesigwa abatulugunyizibwa kwambuka mu ggulu. Era nga bwe musaayi gwa Abeeri gwakaabira okuva mu ttaka, waliwo n’amaloboozi agakaabira eri Katonda okuva mu ntaana z’abajulizi, okuva mu ntaana z’ennyanja, okuva mu mpuku z’ensozi, okuva mu bifo eby’awansi eby’ekonveenti: ‘Okutuusa ddi, Ayi Mukama, Omutukuvu era Omwesigwa, tosaliraayo musango era otuwalanira omusaayi gwaffe ku abo ababeera ku nsi?’

> Mukama akola omulimu gwe. Eggulu lyonna liri mu nkubaganyi. Omulamuzi w’ensi yonna ajja mangu okuyimirira n’okuzza ekitiibwa ku buyinza bwe obunyoomeddwa. Akabonero k’okununulwa kanaateekebwa ku bantu abakwatiriza amateeka ga Katonda, abassa amateeka ge ekitiibwa, era abagaana akabonero k’ensolo oba ak’ekifaananyi kyayo.

> Katonda abikkulidde ebigenda okubaawo mu nnaku ez’enkomerero, abantu be balyoke bategekebwe okuyimirira mu maaso g’omuyaga ogw’okuwakanya n’obusungu. Abo abaalabuddwa ku bintu ebiribatuukako tebalina kutuula nga balindirira mu butebenkevu omuyaga ogujja, nga beekubagiza nti Mukama ajja kusitiriza abeesigwa be ku lunaku lw’okubonaabona. Tulina okubeera ng’abo abalindirira Mukama waabwe, si mu kulindirira kwa bwereere, naye mu kukola okw’amaanyi, n’okukkiriza okutakankana. Kati si kiseera kutuusa endowooza zaffe okunyigirizibwa ebintu ebitali bya mugaso munene. Nga abantu beebase, Setaani aliko ng’akola n’obunyiikivu ng’ateekateeka ebintu abantu ba Mukama baleme kulabirwa kisa newaakubadde okufuna obwenkanya. Entambula ey’okutumbula Olunaku lwa Sande kati eriyita mu kizikiza. Abakulembeze bakweka ensonga entuufu, era bangi abegatta mu kutambuliza kino tebalaba gye ekikulukuto eky’awansi kigenderera. Ebigambo byakyo birabika bissa obuwombeefu era ng’eby’ObuKirisitu, naye bwe kinaayogera kinaalambulula omwoyo gw’omusota omukulu. Kye tuteekeddwa okukola kwe kusaanira okukozesa amaanyi gonna agali mu buyinza bwaffe okuziyiza obulabe obutulabudde. Tulina okuzzaawo empeera y’obusungu n’obukyayi nga tweeraga mu musana ogutuufu mu maaso g’abantu. Tulina okubaleetera ensonga entuufu eweru, bwe tutyo ne tuteekawo okwemulugunya okw’amaanyi ennyo okulwanyisa ebipimo ebigenderera okukomya eddembe ly’okukkiriza kw’omuntu. Tulina okunoonya Ebyawandiikibwa era tubeere basobola okuwa ensonga y’okukkiriza kwaffe. Bw’ayogera nnabbi nti: ‘Ababi banaakolanga bibi: so tewali n’omu ku abo ababi anaategeera; naye ab’amagezi banaategeera.’ Obujulizi, ekitabo eky’okutaano, 451, 452.

Sista White atereeza etteeka ery’okuwummula ku Ssande wamu n’obubonero bungi obw’ennaku ez’enkomerero, era mu kukikola ebigambo bye byolesa "ebinaabeerawo mu nnaku ez’enkomerero, abantu be basobole okutegekerwa okuyimirira okwemiriraana n’omuyaga ogw’okuwakanya n’obusungu." Noolwekyo, obubonero bwe ateekateeka wamu mu kitundu kino biteekeddwa okukeberebwa n’obwegendereza. Nendowooza nti ekifo eky’okusinziirako ye olunyiriri lw’obunnabbi olutunuulira Ssemateeka Omusingi gwa Amerika ey’Ubumwe, awamu n’“okwogera” kw’eggwanga nga akabonero akakwatagana.

Ekyo kye ntegeeza nti, etteeka erya Blair erya 1888, Patriot Act ey’omwaka gwa 2001, n’emisango egy’ebyobufuzi egyawawaabibwa Abademokulaati n’Abarepubulikaani ab’ensikirize ya globalism nga byatandika mu 2022, buli kimu kyali okugaana okutereevu kw’ebitundu bibiri eby’obukulu mu Ssemateeka. Omwaka gwa 1888 gulaga okunyigirizibwa kw’okusinza ku Ssande, era mu 2001 ne wabaawo okukyusibwa okuva mu mateeka g’e Bungereza okudda mu mateeka g’Abarooma. Mu 2022, amateeka "substantive" n’aga "procedural" gaalumbibwa.

Amateeka ag’ensonga galambika eddembe n’obuvunaanyizibwa bw’abantu n’ebitongole, ate amateeka ag’enkola galambika enkola ey’okumalawo enkaayana n’okuteeka mu nkola eddembe n’obuvunaanyizibwa by’abantu n’ebitongole. Amateeka galambika ebikolwa ebikkirizibwa mu mateeka oba ebitemereddwa, era gateekawo ebibonerezo byo. Amateeka ag’ensonga gakwata ku bitundu bingi eby’amateeka, okuli amateeka g’eby’obumenyi bw’amateeka, amateeka g’obwannanyini, n’amateeka g’endagaano.

Amateeka agakwata ku bumenyi bw’amateeka kye kimu ku by’okulabirako ebirungi ennyo eby’amateeka agalambika obuyinza n’obuvunaanyizibwa. Amateeka ago galambika ebikolwa ebitwalibwa nga by’obumenyi bw’amateeka, n’ebibonerezo eby’emisango egyo. Naye amateeka g’obwannansi galungamya obutakkaanya wakati w’abantu n’ebitongole, nga okumenya endagaano, okulumizibwa kw’omuntu, oba obutakkaanya ku by’omuntu eby’obwannannyini.

Amateeka agalambika eddembe n’obuvunaanyizibwa mu bwabulijo gawandiikibwa mu mateeka ga Palamenti, mu biragiro, era ne mu mateeka agava mu kusalawo kw’ekkooti. Amateeka ga Palamenti ge mateeka gayisibwa emibiri egy’ebyamateeka, gamba nga Palamenti z’eggwanga oba olukiiko oluyisa amateeka olw’e Sitaate, ate ebiragiro be biragiro n’engeri ez’okukola eziteekebwawo ebitongole bya gavumenti eby’okulamulira emirimu. Amateeka agava mu kusalawo kw’ekkooti ge mateeka abalamuzi gebatondawo nga bayita mu kunnyonnyola kwaabwe ku mateeka ga Palamenti, ebiragiro, ne Ssemateeka.

Amateeka ag’enkola ge malagirizo agafuga enkola y’ensonga mu mateeka. Gannyonnyola engeri emisango gye giyitamu mu sisitimu y’amateeka, okuva ku kutandika okuteeka omusango okutuuka ku kusalawo okw’enkomerero. Amateeka ag’enkola gakwatira ku bitundu eby’enjawulo eby’amateeka, nga mw’otwalidde n’enkola z’eby’obwannanyini (civil), ez’obumenyi bw’amateeka (criminal), n’ez’okuddukanya emirimu gya gavumenti (administrative). Ekiruubirirwa ky’amateeka ag’enkola kwe kukakasa nti entambula y’ensonga mu mateeka eri ya bwenkanya era etereera. Gatuwa enteekateeka ey’okumaliriza enkaayana, era gakakasa nti buli muntu ayetaba mu ntekateeka y’amateeka, okuli abalamuzi, bannamateeka, n’abali mu musango (omuwawaabi n’owawabirwa), amanyi by’asubirwa ku ye.

Amateeka agalambika ensonga ennyini n’amateeka ag’enkola gaateekebwawo okukolera wamu okukakasa nti obwenkanya butuukirizibwa. Amateeka agalambika ensonga ennyini galambika eddembe n’obuvunaanyizibwa bw’abantu n’ebitongole, ate amateeka ag’enkola galambika enkola ey’okumalawo enkaayana n’okukwasisa ebyo eddembe n’obuvunaanyizibwa. Mu ngeri endala, amateeka agalambika ensonga ennyini galambulula ebikolwa ebikkirizibwa oba ebitali bya mateeka n’ebivuddeko ku bikolwa ebitali bya mateeka, ate amateeka ag’enkola galaga engeri gye ensonga z’amateeka bwe zisolwerwa.

Mu 2001, etteeka eryitibwa Patriot Act lyaggyawo eddembe lya habeas corpus. "Habeas corpus" kigambo kya Lattini ekivvuunulwa nga "olina okufuna omubiri." Kikwata ku mulamwa gw’amateeka ogukuuma abantu okuva mu kukwatibwa n’okuggalirwa mu butali bwa mateeka, nga kisaba kooti okukebera obukirivu bw’okuggirwa kw’omuntu. Habeas corpus kye ddembe ery’omusingi mu nteekateeka nnyingi z’amateeka, okusingira ddala ezo ezikosebwa amateeka g’Abangereza agayitibwa English common law. Kikakasa nti omuntu tasobola kubeereddwa mu kaduukulu awatali nsonga entuufu, era kimukkiriza okubuusabuusa obukirivu bw’okuggirwa kwe mu maaso g’omulamuzi.

Ekitundu ky’amateeka ekya “Due Process” kiboneka mu Nkyukakyuka ey’okutaano n’ey’ekkumin’omunaana eza Ssemateeka gwa United States. Enkyukakyuka zino zitegeeza nti tewali muntu ayinza kujjibwako obulamu, eddembe, oba eby’obugagga nga tewali due process w’amateeka. Amakooti bakulakulanya amatabi abiri g’ensonga ya due process: ey’enkola n’ey’ensonga ennyini. Mu 2001, wansi wa Patriot Act, habeas corpus yaggibwawo ng’eddembe, era amateeka ga Bungereza gaasikibwa mu kifo kyago amateeka ga Luumi. Amateeka ga Bungereza galambika nti omuntu abalibwa omutaliiko musango okutuusa nga kizuuliddwa nti alina musango, ate amateeka ga Luumi galaga nti omuntu abalibwa omusango okutuusa nga akakasiddwa nti taliiko musango. Mu misango gya Pelosi egy’omwaka 2022, due process ey’enkola n’ey’ensonga ennyini byombi byatyobolwa. Amateeka ag’ensonga ennyini n’ag’enkola byombi byakozesebwa mu misango gya Pelosi mu ngeri ey’enjawulo ddala ku kigendererwa kya Ssemateeka.

Enjawulo wakati wa substantive due process ne procedural due process eri mu bitundu eby’enjawulo by’amateeka n’eddembe bye buli mulamwa gukuuma mu musingi gwa Ssemateeka gwa United States, okusingira ddala wansi w’ebitundu ebirambika Due Process eby’Enkyukakyuka ey’okutaano n’ey’ekkumin’aana.

Obwenkanya obw’ensonga yennyini bukwata ku ddembe n’obwetwaze eby’omusingi gavumenti bye teyakkirizibwa kubimenya, nga tekirabira ku ngeri y’enteekateeka eyakozeseddwa. Bukuuma eddembe ebimu okuva ku kwennyigiramu kwa gavumenti, wadde nga enkola entuufu egobereddwa. Obwenkanya obw’ensonga yennyini bukwata ku ddembe ebibalibwa eby’omusingi, gamba ng’edembe ery’ekyama, edembe ery’okufumbiriganwa, n’edembe ery’okukuza abaana bo. Eddembe n’obwetwaze ebyo bikuumibwa okuva ku kweyingiramu kwa gavumenti okuggyako nga waliwo obugendererwa bw’eggwanga obw’amaanyi ennyo. Bukola ng’ekikomo ku buyinza bwa gavumenti, nga bukakasa nti amateeka n’ebiragiro tebamenya ddembe eby’omusingi.

Obwenkanya mu nkola y’amateeka bukwaata ku nteekateeka z’enkola gavumenti ze erina okugoberera nga tenaggyako ku muntu obulamu, eddembe, oba eby’obugagga bye. Bukakasa nti abantu bakwatibwa mu bwenkanya obutaliiko kyekubiira, okuyita mu nkola entuufu z’amateeka. Obwenkanya buno busaba gavumenti okugoberera ebiteekateeka eby’enkola ebimu, nga okuwa okutegeeza, okuwulira omusango mu bwenkanya, n’okuwa omukisa okuwulirwa, nga tannamuggyako eddembe lye. Buteeka essira ku ngeri amateeka gye bateekebwa mu nkola, bukakasa nti gavumenti ekola mu ngeri entuufu era ey’obwenkanya.

Entalo z’amateeka ezirabikidde okuva lwe byatandika Emisango gya Pelosi zikiikirira okugaana obwenkanya obw’ensonga ennyini n’obw’enkola mu misango. Eddembe erisinga obukulu ery’abatuuze ba Amerika lyagaanyiziddwa mu lwatu era nga kyatuukiriziddwa. Ebikolwa eby’okulimba eby’okussa omusango ku balala n’obugwenyufu obw’omu lwatu mu bitongole bya Amerika eb’amannya gafupikiddwa mu nnukuta bikkululwa bulijjo okuva ne ddala nga Emisango gya Pelosi tebyabadde bitandikawo, naye enkola z’ebyamateeka ezakozeseddwa abagolobalisiti b’ebibiina by’obupolitiki byombi okuva lwe byatandika, ziwadde ekyokulabirako ekitereevu eky’okuzikirizibwa kw’obwenkanya obw’enkola mu misango.

Edda mu kiwandiiko kino twasoma nti, “Buli kawefube yonna ey’okuwagira okuteekawo amateeka agakwata ku ddiini, mu butuufu kiba kikolwa eky’okugondera obwa Papa, obw’amaze emyaka mingi ennyo nga butakyukakyuka bulwanyisa eddembe ly’okusalawo kw’omutima. Okukuuma olunaku lwa Sande, ng’omu ku bintu ebyeyitibwa nti eby’Obukristaayo, okubawo kwakwo kuviira ku ‘kyama ky’obutali butuukirivu;’ era okukakazibwa kwakwo kujja kuba ng’okukkiriza mu butuufu amateeka ag’emisingi, ag’ali ejjinja erya nsonda ery’Obukatuliki bw’e Roma. Bwe linaatuuka eggwanga lyaffe ne lwegaana amateeka ag’emisingi ag’obufuzi gaalyo okutuuka n’okuyisa etteeka erya Sande, ObuProtestanti mu kikolwa kino bujja okugatta emikono n’obwa Papa; era tewaliba kirala wabula okuwa obulamu eri obufuzi obukambwe, obw’amaze ebbanga ddene nga bulindirira nnyo omukisa gwabwo okuddamu okuba mu nkola n’amaanyi mu bufuzi obukambwe.”

Mu nnyiriri y’ebyafaayo eyandiyimiriziddwa Ssemateeka gw’Amerika, waliwo obubonero busatu obw’enjawulo obukiikirira ekitundu kya Ssemateeka mu ntandikwa ne mu nkomerero ya Amerika. Buli kimu ku buno busatu kye kikolwa kya pulitiki, era bwe kityo kifaananyiriza okwogera kwa Amerika. Eky’okusatu ku buno mu ntandikwa, ekyalaga 1798, kyali amateeka agayitibwa Alien and Sedition Acts; ate eky’okusatu ku byo ku nkomerero kwe kuba nga Amerika eteekesa mu nkola tteeka lya Sande, era n’eyogera ng’eddagoni mu kutuukiriza kwa Okubikkulirwa essuula 13, olunyiriri 11.

Ebyafaayo eby’obunnabbi bya Amerika bitandika lwe, nga Amerika bwe kuliikirirwa n’ensi, ensi n’eggulawo akamwa kaayo n’ekumira amataba g’obuyigganyi bw’ediragoni.

> Era omusota n’asuula amazzi okuva mu kamwa ke ng’omugga ng’agoberera omukazi, okumuleetera okutwalibwa omugga. Era ensi n’eyamba omukazi, ensi n’eggula akamwa kaayo, n’emira omugga ogwava mu kamwa k’ejjoka. Okubikkulirwa 12:15, 16.

Mu 1776, ensolo eyali egenda okusituka okuva ku nsi, era mu 1798 n’efuuka obwakabaka obw’omukaaga mu bunnabbi bwa Baibuli, y’amira omugga gw’okubonereza ogwali gulumba abantu ba Katonda nga eteekaawo eggwanga erina Ssemateeka ogwawakanya abafuzi abakambwe b’obwakabaka e Yulopa n’abakambwe b’ekkanisa ya Papa.

Okulangirirwa kw’Obwetwaze okw’omwaka gwa 1776 kwalaga ekifaananyi ky’etteeka lya Patriot ery’omwaka gwa 2001. Ssemateeka ogw’omwaka gwa 1789 gwalaga ekifaananyi ky’Emisango gya Pelosi egyatandika mu 2022. Amateeka ga Alien and Sedition ag’omwaka gwa 1798 gaalaga ekifaananyi ky’etteeka lya Sande mu Amerika.

Okulangirira obwetwaze okwakolebwa abalwanirizi b’eggwanga ab’Amerika mu 1776 kwakiikirira okulangirira okw’okufiirwa obwetwaze okwajjira n’etteeka eriyitibwa Patriot Act erya 2001. Ennono eya 1789 yakiikirira Pelosi Trials ezatandika mu 2022. Amateeka agayitibwa Alien and Sedition Acts gakiikirira etteeka lya Ssande. Ebyafaayo eby’okusuulibwa bweru kwa buli musingi gw’Ennono gakiikirira okuzingululwa mpola mpola kw’Ennono okukoma ku tteeka lya Ssande.

Emirongo gino gyonna gikwatagana mu byafaayo ebyakwekebwa eby’olunyiriri lw’amakumi ana mu kitabo kya Danyeri, essuula ey’ekkumi n’emu. Mu kiwandiiko kino twaggyamu ebigambo okuva mu paragirafu nnya eziri mu Testimonies, volume 5, ku muko 451 ne 452.

Tujja okutunuulira ennyo ebitundu ebyo mu kiwandiiko ekiddako.

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