Article

# Panium - Inani Lamashumi Amabini Ananye

Intshukumo eya emthethweni weCawa kwilizwe elizukileyo

Author

Jeff Pippenger

Published

March 5, 2026

Formats

PDF
Word
Song MP3

Imbali eqala kwivesi yeshumi elinesithandathu ide iye kutsho kweyamashumi amabini anesibini kuDaniyeli ishumi elinanye iqala yaye iphele ngofuziselo loMthetho weCawa. Ukuqala nokuphela kwaloo mgca kufana, kubonisa umqondiso kaKristu, njengoAlfa no-Omega. Ngokwesiprofeto kufuna ukuba ivesi yeshumi elinesithandathu ihambelaniswe nevesi yamashumi amabini anesibini. Xa oku kusenziwa kususa imbali yelizwe elizukileyo, njengoko limelwe ngumgca wamaMaccabee, iyiswe kwimbali yeevesi zeshumi ukuya kweshumi elinesihlanu.

## AmaMakkabhi

Uvukelo lwamaMaccabee lumele iminyaka engamashumi amabini anesibini eyaqala ngo-1776 yaza yaphela xa i-United States yaba bubukumkani besithandathu besiprofeto seBhayibhile ngo-1798. Oku kuchonga inani lamashumi amabini anesibini njengembali enxulumene ngqo nexesha lokuphela ngo-1798, apho kuqala khona ivesi yamashumi amane kaDaniyeli ishumi elinanye.

Ubudlelwane benani lamashumi amabini anesibini no-1798 bubalulekile ukuba buqondwe. Uvukelo lwamaMaccabean, ngokuba lwalungumfuziselo wovukelo lwaseMerika, luhlanganisa zombini ezo mvukelo zelizwe elizukileyo (elingokoqobo nelikomoya) njengeemvukelo ezazilahla ubukrelekrele bolawulo lwelizwe bamaSeleucid nookumkani baseYurophu, kwanobukrelekrele bolawulo lwecawa lwaseGrisi nolwaseRoma. Kuzo zombini ezi bungqina zembali, iGrisi neRoma zazimela ukumkani wasemntla.

Umgca wamaMaccabee umelwe kwindinyana yamashumi amabini anesithathu, kodwa umela imbali eyaqala kwiminyaka engama-33 emva kwePanium yendinyana yeshumi elinesihlanu, kwaye ngaphambi nje kancinane kweminyaka elikhulu ngaphambi kukaPompey kwindinyana yeshumi elinesithandathu. Umgca lowo uphela emgwebeni womnqamlezo, umgwebo owandiswa wada waya kutsho ku-70 AD, nangona elo xesha lomgwebo lichongwa nje ngokuba ngumnqamlezo kwindinyana yamashumi amabini anesibini. Ngokwesiprofeto umgca wamaMaccabee, omele ilizwe elizukileyo ukususela ku-1776, kwandule ke ku-1798 ngobukhosi bamaHasmonean, kwaze kwalandela ubukhosi bamaHerode kwada kwafika umnqamlezo no-70 AD, uphela kwindinyana yamashumi amabini anesibini, kwaye uqala ngeminyaka engamashumi amabini anesibini ukusuka ku-1776 ukuya ku-1798. Iminyaka engamashumi amabini anesibini ukusuka ku-1776 ukuya ku-1798 ikwangumfuziselo weminyaka engamashumi amabini anesibini ukusuka ku-9/11 ukuya ku-2023, eyafuziselwa njengeentsuku ezingamashumi amabini anesibini kuDaniyeli ishumi. Umgca wamaMaccabee uqala kwaye uphela ngo-“amashumi amabini anesibini.”

## Abalawuli Abane BaseRoma

Iivesi zeshumi elinesithandathu ukuya kumashumi amabini anesibini zichaza ngokuthe ngqo abalawuli abane baseRoma yaye zimele omnye umgca phakathi kweevesi. Umgca wamaMakkabhi ulungelelaniswa ngokomgaqo othi “phinda wandise,” yaye umgca wamaRoma umelelwa ngokuthe ngqo kweevesi. UPompey woyisa ezibini zokuqala kwezo zithintelo zintathu, njengoko iRoma yenyukela etroneni njengobukumkani besine besiprofeto seBhayibhile kwidabi laseActium ngowama-31 BC. Walandelwa nguJulius Caesar, uAugustus Caesar noTiberias Caesar. UPompey wayeyinjengele, yaye imiqondiso emithathu yokugqibela idityaniswe kunye njengookumkani abangooMlawuli.

Owokugqibela kubalawuli abane uyafa kwivesi yamashumi amabini anesibini apho uKristu wabethelelwa khona emnqamlezweni, ngoko ke kufuneka simbuyisele umphathi wokugqibela kwabo bane baseRoma umva kumthetho weCawa wevesi yeshumi elinesithandathu. Xa sisenza oku, uPompey uya kumela owokuqala kwiziphawuli zendlela ezine, apho eyesine neyokugqibela kwiziphawuli zendlela ihambelana nomthetho weCawa wevesi yeshumi elinesithandathu. Ivesi yeshumi elinesithandathu iya kumelwa nguTiberias Caesar, yaye idabi lasePanium levesi yeshumi elinesihlanu liya kumelwa nguAugustus Caesar, idabi laseRaphia kwivesi yeshumi elinanye liya kuba nguJulius Caesar, ngaloo ndlela kumakishwa uGeneral Pompey njengevesi yeshumi nango-1989.

Oku kuchaza ukuba “imbali efihlakeleyo” yendima yamashumi amane kaDaniyeli ishumi elinanye, imbali esusela ekuweni kweManyano yaseSoviet ngowe-1989 ide ifike kumthetho weCawa wendima yamashumi amane ananye, imelwe yimigca emithathu yesiprofeto efumaneka kwimbali emelwe zindima zeshumi ukuya kumashumi amabini anesithathu. AmaMaccabee, abalawuli baseRoma, kunye neemfazwe ezintathu zamagunya abameli baseRoma.

> Esi sisihlandlo sesithathu ndisiza kuni. Ngomlomo wamangqina amabini nokuba mathathu onke amazwi aya kuqiniswa. 2 Korinte 13:1.

## Iimfazwe Ezintathu Zommeli

Ivesi yeshumi iphawula ukuphela kweMfazwe yesine yaseSiriya eyenzeka ukususela ngowama-219 kuse kowe-217 BC, xa uAntiochus III Magnus (the Great) wazihlanganisa kwakhona elungiselela idabi levesi yeshumi elinanye, elalilidabi laseRaphia elaliza kumelwa nguJulius Caesar. Ivesi yeshumi ichaza ukuwa kweSoviet Union ngowe-1989 njengoko kumelwe kwivesi yamashumi amane, yaye uPompey uhambelana nelo bali lembali. Ivesi yeshumi elinesithandathu imela ukoyiswa kwelizwe elizukileyo lakwaYuda, okufuzisela umthetho weCawa eUnited States, kodwa uPompey uhambelana kananjalo nowe-1989, yaye ngowe-1989 iRoma yanamhlanje yoyisa umqobo wayo wokuqala, kodwa ngokwenjenjalo, kwangaxeshanye yayoyisa ngokwasemoyeni iMerika yamaProtestanti xa yarhwebeshela uRonald Reagan ekwenzeni umnqophiso oyimfihlo kunye nelizwe elizukileyo. Umnqophiso wokumkani nehenyukazi laseRoma umele uhenyuzo lokomoya.

Ngowe-1989 kulapho ihenyukazi laseRoma liqala ukuphuma kwiminyaka yalo engamashumi asixhenxe ukuze lenze uhenyuzo nabo bonke ookumkani bomhlaba. Ukumkani wokuqala yi-United States ngowe-1989, kuba i-United States ikwamelwe nguAhabhi, owayetshate noIzebhele, onguloo henyukazi laseTire kuIsaya wamashumi amabini anesithathu.

> Kwaye kuya kuthi ngaloo mini iTire ilityalwe iminyaka emashumi asixhenxe, ngokwemihla yokumkani omnye; emva kokuphela kweminyaka emashumi asixhenxe iTire iya kuvuma njengonongogo. Thabatha uhadi, ujikeleze umzi, wena nongogo obelityelwe; yenza uncuthu olumnandi, vuma iingoma ezininzi, ukuze ukhunjulwe. Kwaye kuya kuthi emva kokuphela kweminyaka emashumi asixhenxe, uYehova ayivelele iTire, aze abuyele emvuzweni wayo, aze ahenyuze nazo zonke izikumkani zehlabathi phezu kobuso bomhlaba. Isaya 23:15–17.

Ihenyukazi yalibaleka ngexesha “lokuphela” ngo-1798 xa yafumana inxeba layo elibulalayo, njengoko limelwe kwivesi yamashumi amane kaDaniyeli ishumi elinanye. Ngexesha “lokuphela” ngo-1989 iqalisa ixesha lokuphiliswa kwenxeba layo elibulalayo ngokukrexeza nobukumkani obuya kuba ngowokuqala ukunyanzelisa uphawu lwegunya layo. Obo bukumkani babumelwe nguAhabhi, kwananguFransi, owabeka ubupapa etroneni yomhlaba ngo-538 nowaba bubukumkani obuphambili ekuxhaseni ukunyuka kwamandla opapa. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, babizwa ngokuba “lizibulo lebandla lamaKatolika,” kwanokuba “yintombi enkulu yebandla lamaKatolika.” UFransi noAhabhi bobabini bangqina ngendima yeUnited States ukusuka ngo-1989 kuse kude kufike umthetho weCawe.

KuIsaya amashumi amabini anesithathu, ihenyukazi laseTire, elikwanguye ihenyukazi leSityhilelo ishumi elinesixhenxe, elinebhalwe ebunzini balo ukuthi, iBhabheli Enkulu. “Lilityelwe” kwimbali yaseUnited States, ukuqala ngowe-1798, xa upopu wayeka ukuba bubukumkani besihlanu besiprofeto seBhayibhile, irhamncwa laselwandle leSityhilelo ishumi elinesithathu. Emva koko iUnited States yaqalisa indima yayo njengobukumkani besithandathu besiprofeto seBhayibhile, njengorhamncwa lwasemhlabeni lweSityhilelo ishumi elinesithathu. Ekugqibeleni iUnited States iba ngoyena kumkani uphambili kookumkani abalishumi beSityhilelo ishumi elinesixhenxe. Imbali engumfuziselo yexesha “leminyaka engamashumi asixhenxe,” “iintsuku zokumkani omnye,” imele iminyaka engamashumi asixhenxe iBhabheli eyalawula ngayo njengobukumkani bokuqala besiprofeto seBhayibhile. Oku kufanekisa imbali yaseUnited States ukusuka ngowe-1798 kuse ekumisweni komthetho weCawa, apho umgca wangaphandle wembali yaseMelika umelwe luphondo lweRiphabhlikhi, aze umgca wangaphakathi umelwe luphondo lwamaProtestanti. Ezo mpondo zimbini zimele intliziyo yoMgaqo-siseko ebonelela ngokwahlulwa kolawulo lukarhulumente nolawulo lwecawe, yaye zingumxholo wekamva laseMelika.

Iminyaka engamashumi asixhenxe imiselwe ihenyukazi laseTire ukuba lilityalwe, ize ke, ukususela kwixesha lesiphelo ngowe-1989 kuse kuthi ga kumthetho weCawa, liqalise ukucula. Laqala ngomfelandawonye ofihlakeleyo njengoko lathimba inkolo yeProtestanti yaseMelika laza lawisa isakhiwo sezopolitiko sokumkani wasemzantsi ngokuwa kweSoviet Union. Ixesha leminyaka engamashumi asixhenxe eliphela kwimbali apho uAntiochus Omkhulu emi phakathi kwexesha leminyaka elishumi elinesixhenxe elahlulwe laba lishumi nesixhenxe, elithi xa liphindaphindwe lilingane “namashumi asixhenxe.” Ekuqaleni kweminyaka engamakhulu amabini anamashumi amahlanu yangaphandle eyaphela phakathi kweRaphia nePanium isiprofeto sexesha sangaphakathi seminyaka engamawaka amabini anamakhulu amathathu siqala ngawo “amashumi asixhenxe” eeveki ezimiselwe phezu kwabantu bakaDaniyeli. Ekupheleni kwezo veki zingamashumi asixhenxe, ngowama-34 AD uSirayeli wamandulo waqhawulwa umtshato noThixo ngonaphakade njengabantu baKhe bomnqophiso abanyuliweyo, yaye uThixo wayesele engenile emtshatweni nomtshakazi waKhe ongumKristu, waza ngelo xesha wayesolulela isandla kwiiNtlanga.

Ngo-207 BC uAntiochus umi phakathi “kwamashumi asixhenxe,” echaza ukuphela kwesimo sobukumkani bakhe sokuba sisizwe esithandwayo njenge “lizwe elizukileyo” apho Wakhetha khona ukuvusa uSirayeli wale mihla. Ukuphela kwe-United States njengobukumkani besithandathu kumthetho weCawa kukuphela “kwamashumi asixhenxe eminyaka” kaIsaya. Umgca weminyaka engamakhulu amabini anamashumi amahlanu kaAntiochus uchaza ukuvalwa kwexesha lovavanyo lwophondo lweRiphabhlikhi lwe-United States, kanye phambi komthetho weCawa wendima yeshumi elinesithandathu. Iminyaka engamawaka amabini anamakhulu amathathu eyaphela xa kwaqalayo umgwebo ngomhla wama-22 Oktobha 1844 ifanekisa ixesha apho umgwebo uvalwa khona kumthetho weCawa. Iminyaka engamawaka amabini anamakhulu amathathu iqala ngamashumi asixhenxe eeveki achaza ukuphela kukaSirayeli ongokoqobo njengabantu abanyuliweyo bakaThixo. Ukuphela kwexesha lilonke leminyaka engamawaka amabini anamakhulu amathathu kugqitywa kukuphela kwentshukumo yamaProtestanti njengoko intshukumo yeadventi iqhubeka de kube kumthetho weCawa. Xa ucango oluvaliweyo luka-1844 luphindwa, iingcango ziya kuvalwa phezu kophondo lweRiphabhlikhi, uphondo lwamaProtestanti, nerhamncwa likarhulumente.

Ukuze uAntiochus eme phakathi kwexesha leshumi nelesixhenxe kukuba eme ekupheleni kwexesha lakhe lovavanyo; ixesha lovavanyo livalwa kurhulumente waseUnited States, ongirhamncwa lomhlaba, ngomthetho weCawa, kodwa ixesha lovavanyo lophondo lweRiphabhlikhi livalwa ngaphambi komthetho weCawa.

> UYesu wathi kuye, Andithi kuwe, Kude kube kasixhenxe; koko, Kude kube ngamashumi asixhenxe aphindwe kasixhenxe. Mateyu 18:22.

Ibinzana elithi “amashumi asixhenxe aphindwe kasixhenxe,” lelona kuphela indawo eBhayibhileni apho amanani achazwa ngophindo ngolu hlobo. “Amashumi asixhenxe aphindwe kasixhenxe” yiminyaka engamakhulu amane anamashumi alithoba “eyamiselwayo” kubantu bakaDaniyeli. Ziiveki ezingamashumi asixhenxe eziqala amawaka amabini anamakhulu amathathu, yaye ekupheleni kweminyaka engamakhulu amabini anamashumi amahlanu ukusuka kwakweso siqalo sinye, uAntiyokosi ufika phakathi kweshumi nesixhenxe. UAntiyokosi Omkhulu apho uthabatha ukuma kwakhe kwizenzo zokugqibela zebali lakhe kumdlalo ongcwele wembambano enkulu.

Ucango oluvaliweyo luka-1844 lumela ucango oluvaliweyo lomthetho weCawa, yaye phambi komthetho weCawa wevesi yeshumi elinesithandathu kuqalisa ixesha leminyaka esixhenxe no-Antiyokwe ephawula ukuphela kobukumkani bakhe, yandule ke ubukumkani bakhe buphele ekugqityweni kwaloo minyaka isixhenxe. Ixesha leminyaka esixhenxe limela ixesha lokuvavanywa lomfanekiso werhamncwa, yaye elo xesha liqalisa ngomthetho weCawa wokuqala ka-321. Phambi komthetho weCawa wokuqala, omela ngokomfuziselo umthetho weCawa wokugqibela, kukho ixesha leminyaka elishumi eliqalisa ngommiselo. Kulo “mmiselo” ka-313 kuqalisa uvavanyo olumelwa yiminyaka elishumi, wandule ke u-Antiyokwe awupasise umthetho weCawa wokuqala, lize ixesha lokuvavanywa kophondo lweRiphabhlikhi liphele. Ekupheleni kweminyaka esixhenxe, kufika iPanium nomthetho weCawa, kuvelisa ukwahlulwa kwempuma nentshona ngonyaka ka-330.

## UPompey

UPompey waloyisa ilizwe elizukileyo kwivesi yeshumi elinesithandathu, kodwa kwisithuba seminyaka emibini ukusukela ku-65 kuse ku-63 BC, uPompey, ekuzalisekiseni uDaniyeli isibhozo nevesi yesithoba, eneneni waloyisa “impuma” kunye “nelizwe [elizukileyo],” efuzisela olo loyiso luphindwe kabini olukwivesi yamashumi amane nango-1989.

Umqobo wesithathu weRoma yobuhedeni wawuya kuzalisekiswa nguAgasto Kesare, odume ngokuseka iTriumvirate yokuqala esemthethweni yaseRoma, emele umanyano lokuqala oluphindwe kathathu olusemthethweni eRoma. Kusesiphawulweni sesithathu seenkokeli zaseRoma apho umanyano oluphindwe kathathu luphawulwa ngokusemthethweni kwimbali yaseRoma. Kukumthetho weCawa kwindinyana yeshumi elinesithandathu apho kusekwa khona umanyano oluphindwe kathathu lwenamba, lwerhamncwa, nolomprofeti wobuxoki, kuze ke intaka yobungendawo ibuyiselwe endaweni yayo eShinare, njengoko kuchaziwe nguZakariya.

UAgasto Kesare waseka iTriumvirate yokuqala esemthethweni yaseRoma, kodwa ibizwa ngokuba yiTriumvirate yesiBini ngababhali-mbali, kuba noYulius Kesare naye waseka iTriumvirate, kodwa yayingeyiyo iTriumvirate esemthethweni karhulumente waseRoma. Ubudlelane bukaYulius noAgasto Kesare njengeempawu zomanyano oluphindwe kathathu lwenamba, irhamncwa, nomprofeti wobuxoki kumthetho weCawa oza kufika kungekudala, bubonakaliswa ngoYulius ekuqaleni kwentshukumo yokunyanzelisa umthetho weCawa nangoAgasto ekupheleni. Olu lwalamano lwesiprofeto lukwamelwa kukungqingwa kukaCestius ngowama-67, okwathi emva koko kwalandelwa kukungqingwa kukaTitus. UYulius nguCestius, yaye uAgasto nguTitus. UYulius noAgasto bamele umanyano oluphindwe kathathu, yaye uCestius noTitus bamele ukungqingwa.

Ixesha apho intshukumo yomthetho weCawa iqala ngokwesiprofeto ngo-313, likwiSibhengezo saseMilan. Emva koko ngo-321, embindini wexesha leminyaka elishumi elinesixhenxe, kufika umthetho weCawa wokuqala. Inyathelo lesithathu lokwahlulwa kobukumkani bube ngasempuma nangasentshona, elimele ukwahlulwa eUnited States phakathi kwabo bafumana nabangafumani uphawu lwerhamncwa okanye itywina likaThixo, lalingo-330. Kukho uthotho lwemithetho yeCawa olukhokelela kumthetho weCawa, yaye u-321 umele umthetho weCawa wokuqala, okhokelela kumthetho weCawa wokugqibela ka-330.

Ngokungafaniyo namakhulu amabini anamashumi amahlanu eminyaka ka-Antiochus, amakhulu amabini anamashumi amahlanu eminyaka kaNero achaza ixesha leminyaka esibhozo, umbindi womthetho wokuqala weCawa, kuze kulandele iminyaka esithoba. Umgca phezu komgca, uAntiochus noNero bachaza amaxesha amabini amelwe ngamanqaku amathathu endlela. Kuzo zombini ezi migca, amanqaku okuqala nawokugqibela endlela ayafana, ummiselo ekuqaleni owaphawulwa ngumtshato owaphela ngoqhawulo-mtshato, kwanemfazwe phakathi kokumkani wasentla nokumkani wasemzantsi ekuqaleni nasekupheleni. Umthetho wokuqala weCawa ka-321 ophakathi kufuneka ube kulapho uAntiochus emi khona. Umi ekugqityweni kwenkqubo yokuvavanywa emelwe yiminyaka elishumi, yaye inkqubo yokuvavanywa imbonakalisa uAntiochus njengowesibhozo ophuma kwabasixhenxe njengoko esenza umfanekiso werhamncwa, elingowesibhozo eliphuma kwabasixhenxe. Kwangaxeshanye ikhulu elinamashumi amane anesine amawaka lidlula kwinkqubo yokuvavanywa lize liguqulwe lisuke kwibandla lesixhenxe laseLawodike lisiya kwelaseFiladelfiya, ibandla lesibhozo.

Ngomthetho wokuqala weCawa ukwakhiwa komfanekiso kuyaqala, yaye kuyaphela ngomthetho weCawa weSityhilelo ishumi elinesithathu, ivesi yeshumi elinanye, ivesi ethelekisa ukuqala kweUnited States njengemvana, nesiphelo sayo njengenamba. Ishumi elinesithathu lingumqondiso wokuvukela, yaye umqondiso wokuvukela kumxholo wevesi yeshumi elinanye, kunye neUnited States ithetha njengenamba, luphawu lwerhamncwa; kanti ke, umqondiso wabo banetywina likaThixo linani leshumi elinanye. ISityhilelo 13:11 lichaza ukwahlulwa kwabo bamkela uphawu lwerhamncwa okanye itywina likaThixo ngexesha lomthetho weCawa xa iUnited States ithetha njengenamba.

Ixesha lokuvavanywa lomfanekiselo werhamncwa lineempawu ezithile eziphawula ukufika kwalo, lo gama kwangaxeshanye limisela umfanekiso wesiphelo salo. Ukususela kuNowa kuse kwitheko lexilongo uThixo akaguquki; uhlala ebhengeza ixesha lokuvavanywa ngaphambi kokuba lifike. Izibhengezo zakhe zifumaneka elizwini lakhe lesiprofeto. Uninzi lwama-Adventist (ndiyacinga) alwazi ukuba kwakukho ukungqingwa kabini ekutshatyalalisweni kweYerusalem, okanye ukuba umhla wentshabalalo yokugqibela wawungulo kanye mhla wonyaka awathi ngawo uNebhukadenetsare wayitshabalalisa iYerusalem netempile okokuqala—asikhathi se-alpha. Basenokuba bengazi nokuba ukungqingwa kwaqala ngemithendeleko engcwele kwaza kwaphela ngomthendeleko ongcwele, okanye ukuba ixesha lokungqingwa laliyiminyaka emithathu nesiqingatha. Ukuba abayazi loo nyaniso, kubonakala kungelulutho ukuba baya kuqonda ukuba uJulius Caesar uphawula ukuqala kwexesha lokuvavanywa lomfanekiselo werhamncwa kummelo walo ogqibeleleyo kunene. Ngokuthi “ummelo ogqibeleleyo,” ndithetha ukuzaliseka kwalo kokugqibela.

Eli xesha inye imelwe ukusuka ngo-1888 kuse kutsho kumthetho weCawa, ize iphinde imelwe ukusuka ku-9/11 kuse kutsho kumthetho weCawa; kodwa ukuzaliseka okugqibeleleyo kwexesha lesiprofeto lokumiswa komfanekiso werhamncwa, njengoko limelwe nguConstantine Omkhulu kwixesha elisusela ku-313 kuse ku-330, kuqala ngexesha lobongameli bomongameli wesibhozo ukususela kwixesha lokuphela ngo-1989.

Ukususela kumthetho wokuqala weCawa, ixesha lovavanyo malunga neSabatha neCawa liyaqhubeka ngexesha elimelwe yiminyaka esixhenxe ka-Antiochus. Umgca weminyaka esixhenxe ka-Antiochus uphindaphindwe ngomgca weminyaka esithoba kaNero ulingana namashumi amathandathu anesithathu, yaye ngo-63 BC uPompey waloyisa ilizwe elizukileyo ekuzalisekeni kwendima yeshumi elinesithandathu kaDanieli ishumi elinanye. Ngexesha lomthetho weCawa, ookumkani abasithoba baya kuyiqonda i-United States njengokumkani ophambili kookumkani abalishumi abavumayo ukunika ubukumkani babo kwihenyukazi laseTire, eliya kuthi ke lenze uhenyuzo nabo bonke ookumkani bomhlaba.

Ngokuvumelana nesakhiwo sesiprofeto somzekeliso weentombi ezilishumi, umtshato werhamncwa nomprofeti wobuxoki wazalisekiswa ngowe-1989, kodwa emthethweni weCawa umtshato lowo ugqityezelwa ngokupheleleyo. Imbali enefrakthali yaloo mbali lixesha lomgwebo wabaphilayo elaqala ngowe-2001, ngomhla ka-9/11. Ukusukela kuloo ndawo kude kube semthethweni weCawa, ixesha lovavanyo lomfanekiso werhamncwa, elikwalixesha lokutywinwa kwekhulu elinamashumi amane anesine amawaka, umgwebo wenziwa phezu kwabantu bomnqophiso kaThixo, naphakathi kwelizwe abathe bahlala kulo ekuzalisekisweni kwesiprofeto somnqophiso ka-Abraham. Ngelo xesha ibandla lamaSeventh-day Adventist laseLawodike liyagwetywa, kwandule ke kugwetywe abo bazibanga ukuba ziintombi. Ngaloo ndlela ke, uphondo lwamaProtestanti luyagwetywa, yaye lugwetywa ngexesha apho kuqala iqela lamaDemocrat lophondo lwamaRepublican lagwetywa kwada kwangowe-2024, xa ngoku kusenzeka umgwebo wamaRepublican ophondo lwe-republican. Urhulumente womgaqo-siseko nguye irhamncwa elithwele ezo mpondo zimbini, yaye ugwetywa emthethweni weCawa.

Ukusuka ngowe-1989 kuse kumthetho weCawa, kumelwa i-fractal esuka ku-9/11 kuse kumthetho weCawa, kodwa ukuzaliseka okugqibeleleyo kokumiselwa komfanekiso werhamncwa kusekumongameli wesibhozo ophuma kwabasixhenxe. Iminyaka elishumi elinesixhenxe kaNero yi-fractal yembali esuka ku-9/11 kuse kumthetho weCawa. Iminyaka elishumi elinesixhenxe ka-Antiochus iyafana. Umtshato kaReagan nomfelandawonye ofihlakeleyo ugqityezelwa ngomfelandawonye ovulekileyo ngexesha lolawulo lwabongameli besibhozo. Owokuqala emitshatweni ye-alpha ne-omega wafuziselwa nguMthetho wePatriot ngowama-2001, xa umthetho wesiNgesi watshintshwa waba ngumthetho wamaRoma. Umtshato womthetho waseMilan uphawula ukuqala kokuzaliseka okugqibeleleyo kokumiselwa komfanekiso werhamncwa. Isakhiwo sawo sisekelwe phezu kwesakhiwo somtshato weentombi ezilishumi, yaye simela umtshato wobuxoki owenzeka ngexesha lomtshato wokwenyaniso.

Ixesha lokuvavanywa lomfanekiso werhamncwa limele “uvavanyo” ekufuneka siluphumelele ngaphambi kokuba “sitywinwe.” Indlu kaThixo igwetywa kuqala, kuze kuthi ke emthethweni weCawa, abo bangaphandle kwendlu kaThixo bagwetywe. Ixesha lomgwebo wokugqibela, kokubini endlwini kaThixo, lize emva koko kwisihlwele esikhulu, liqala ngomthetho wokuqala weCawa. Kuya kubakho umthetho wokuqala weCawa eUnited States oya kuphawula ukuqala kokuzaliseka okugqibeleleyo nokokugqibela kwexesha lokuvavanywa lomfanekiso werhamncwa, eliya emva koko liphele emthethweni weCawa ozalisekisa ISityhilelo 13:11. Lowo mthetho weCawa ngowokugqibela kwilizwe elizukileyo. Umthetho wokugqibela weCawa kwilizwe elizukileyo ngowokuqala emhlabeni, uphawula ixesha lokuvavanywa lomfanekiso werhamncwa lwehlabathi. Ixesha lokuvavanywa kwehlabathi liqala emthethweni weCawa eUnited States kwivesi yeshumi elinanye yesahluko seshumi elinesithathu. Xa iUnited States “ithetha” njengenamba kuloo mthetho weCawa usondeleyo, iivesi zeshumi elinambini ukuya phambili kweso sahluko zimele ixesha lokuvavanywa komfanekiso werhamncwa lwehlabathi.

Ngenxa yesi sizathu, kubalulekile ukuqonda isiprofeto seminyaka emakhulu mabini anamashumi amahlanu sikaNero esiphela ngeminyaka elishumi elinesixhenxe eqala ngomyalelo ka-313, silandelwe ngumthetho wokuqala weCawa ngo-321, kwaza emva koko kwalandela ukwahlulwa kwempuma nentshona ngo-330. Amanyathelo amathathu omgca kaNero angokutshutshiswa, uNero engumfuziselo wokutshutshiswa yaye ixesha leminyaka engama-250 limela ibandla laseSmirna elaphela ngo-313 xa kwafika ibandla lokulalanisa. Inyathelo lesithathu liphawula ukuphela kobukumkani, ngoko ke xa lisetyenziswa eUnited States limela umthetho weCawa kunye notshintsho olusuka kubukumkani besithandathu lusiya kobesixhenxe nobesibhozo. Xa lisetyenziswa ehlabathini, uphawu lwesithathu lwendlela kukuvalwa kwexesha lovavanyo loluntu, olwalufuziselwa kukuvalwa kwexesha lovavanyo lweUnited States ekuqaleni kwexesha lokuvavanywa kwehlabathi ngomfanekiso werhamncwa.

Kungenxa yoko ke uAgasto Kesare, owesithathu kubalawuli abane baseRoma abakhokelela kumthetho weCawa, omelwe ngumnqamlezo, njengoko kubekwe kwivesi yamashumi amabini anesibini, unokumela umnqamlezo, nangona eza kulandelwa nguTibheriya, naye omele umnqamlezo. Ixesha lovavanyo lomfanekiso werhamncwa luvavanyo oluphindwe kabini oluqala luvavanye umhlaba luze emva koko luvavanye ulwandle. Umhlaba yi-United States yaye ulwandle lihlabathi.

Umfanekiso werhamncwa uvavanya uvelisa ukuphindwa kabini kwemiqondiso; apho ialfa yexesha lesibini ikwangooomega bexesha lokuqala. U-321 waba ngumthetho wokuqala weCawa kwimbali yesiprofeto, yaye kule minyaka ilishumi elinesixhenxe echaza ixesha lokuvavanywa komfanekiso werhamncwa, u-321 ngumthetho wokuqala weCawa eUnited States okhokelela kumthetho weCawa wooomega wexesha lokuvavanywa komfanekiso werhamncwa kwilizwe elizukileyo. Kanti ke u-321 ukwangumthetho wokuqala weCawa wehlabathi, ngoko ke unyaka u-321 uphawula umbindi kokubini kwesiqalo nakwisiphelo sexesha lokuvavanywa komfanekiso werhamncwa. U-313 sisiqalo, yaye isiqalo singummiselo, lowo ofuzisela umthetho weCawa. Iminyaka elishumi elinesixhenxe kaNero ichaza ixesha lokunyuka ngokuthe gqolo kwemithetho yeCawa kude kube kukuvalwa kwethuba lokuvavanywa koluntu.

Ummiselo lowo ngumfuziselo womthetho wokuqala weCawa okhokelela ekuvalweni kwexesha lovavanyo. UPompey wayithabatha iYuda kwivesi yeshumi elinesithandathu, emele umthetho weCawa, yaye uJulius Caesar waseka iTriumvirate yokuqala, nangona yayiyimanyano engesosesikweni enamalungu amathathu, iimbali zisayiphawula njengeyokuqala. Ukumelwa nguJulius Caesar kwemanyano enamacala amathathu yomthetho weCawa, kwamfuzisela uAugustus Caesar kwiTriumvirate yakhe esesikweni eyalandelwa nguTiberias emnqamlezweni. Bonke abalawuli abane baseRoma bangumfuziselo womthetho weCawa, njengoko kunjalo nangamanyathelo omathathu eminyaka elishumi elinesixhenxe kaNero.

UPompey uhambelana no-1989; uJulius uhambelana nevesi yeshumi elinanye; uAugustus uhambelana nevesi yeshumi elinesihlanu, yaye uTiberias nevesi yeshumi elinesithandathu. Ibali likaJulius kwezo vesi liquka ukungena kwakhe eYiputa noCleopatra. Imbali iyaphindwa nguMarc Antony. UMarc Antony wayengumthetheli-mkhosi oyintloko kaJulius Caesar ngelo xesha uJulius wabulawayo ngezibetho zokuhlatywa ezingamashumi amabini anesithathu. Amashumi amabini anesithathu amela umthetho weCawa, yaye ukufa kukaJulius ngamanxeba angama-23 bubukumkani obuphela kumthetho weCawa. Emva koko uMarc Antony, uAugustus Caesar, noMarcus Lepidas benza iTriumvirate yokuqala esemthethweni ukuze baphindezele ukufa kwakhe. Elinye kula magunya mathathu, uMarc Antony wayeza kuphinda ukudibana kukaJulius neYiputa noCleopatra.

Nokuba nguJulius okanye nguMarc Antony, bobabini bangumfuziselo weRoma, yaye uCleopatra wayengumfuziselo weYiputa neGrisi. Wayemele ulawulo lwamaGrike eYiputa, zombini zingumfuziselo wenamba, ngoxa uJulius noMarc Antony bengumfuziselo werhamncwa. Njengomfazi kobo budlelane, uCleopatra wayelilo ibandla, nto leyo eyenza uJulius noMarc Antony babe ngurhulumente. UCleopatra umele umfazi owahlulwa kabini kubathandi bakhe abangookumkani baseRoma; okokuqala ngo-1798, kwaza okwesibini ekupheleni kwexesha lovavanyo xa efika esiphelweni sakhe kungekho namnye wokumnceda. Ukutshabalala kwakhe kokugqibela kusemfazweni waseActium ngo-31 BC. Oyisileyo emfazweni waseActium yayinguAgasto Kesare, ngoko ke siyafumanisa ukuba uPompey wafela eYiputa, uJulius wadibana noCleopatra eYiputa, yaye oko kwaphindwa kabini kwimbali kaMarc Antony, emva koko uAgasto Kesare wabuphelisa obo budlelane eActium. IActium ichaza umthetho weCawa, kuba kusemfazweni waseActium apho umqobo wesithathu weRoma wasuswayo, yaye iRoma yobuqaba bobukhosi yaqalisa ukulawula iminyaka engamakhulu amathathu anamashumi amathandathu, ekuzalisekisweni kukaDaniyeli 11:24.

UPompey wasusa imiqobo emibini yokuqala, waza uAgasto wesithathu.

> Kwaye kwaphuma kolunye lwazo uphondo oluncinane, olwakhula lwaba lukhulu ngokugqithiseleyo, lusiya ngasezantsi, nangaseMpuma, nangasezweni elithandekayo. Daniyeli 8:9.

UPompey ngu-1989, uphawu lokuqala kweempawu zendlela ezintathu zamagunya ezopolitiko aza koyiswa yiRoma yanamhlanje njengoko inxeba layo elibulalayo liphiliswa. YiSoviet Union, ilandelwe yiUnited States kwanangeZizwe eziManyeneyo kwindinyana yamashumi amane ananye kaDaniyeli ishumi elinanye. Imfazwe yamandla obupopu yeyesopolitiko neyenkolo, yaye ngokwesiprofeto igunya lenkolo laseUnited States loyiswa xa umanyano oluyimfihlo lukaReagan noPopu John Paul II lwafezekiswayo. Injongo yobupopu ibandakanya izithintelo ezintathu zezopolitiko namagunya amathathu enkolo. Ngowe-1989 elinye kula magunya mathathu ezopolitiko latshayelwa kude; ubuProtestanti, njengelizwi elithetha ngokwenene ukuphikisa iRoma, nabo batshayelwa kude ngumongameli waseUnited States kwakwelo bali lembali linye. Amagunya amathathu ezopolitiko yiSoviet Union, iUnited States, neZizwe eziManyeneyo, yaye iinjongo zenkolo ziquka ubuProtestanti, kunye neenkolo ezahlukeneyo zenamba, zonke ezithathwa njengokunqula imimoya. Iinkolo ezintathu ezikhokelela ihlabathi eArmagedon bubuProtestanti obuwileyo, ubuKatolika, nokunqula imimoya; yaye iingxwabangxwaba zangaphakathi zamandla obupopu phakathi kweengcinga ezingqongqo nezikhululekileyo phakathi kwebandla labo, kunye nokwahlukana kobuKatolika obusemthethweni, zizithintelo zenkolo, yaye ezinye izithintelo zenkolo ezimbini ekufuneka ubuKatolika boyise bubuProtestanti obuwileyo nokunqula imimoya. UbuProtestanti batshayelwa kude ngowe-1989.

Ukuba iimbambano zangaphakathi zobuKatolika njengoko zimelwe kwiziprofeto ezahlukeneyo zamaKatolika ezivela kwimiyalezo yaseFatima zahlulwa kwimizamo yalo yokoyisa amagunya enkolo angaphandle kwenkolo yalo, ngoko uloyiso lwalo lwe-alpha phezu kobuProtestanti yayilulwalamano oluyimfihlo lukaReagan, yaye uloyiso lwalo lwe-omega yayilulwalamano oluvulekileyo lwango-2025. Iimbambano zalo neecawa zobu-orthodox nazo zibonakaliswa ukusuka kuloyiso lokuqala ngo-1989 kude kuse kuloyiso lokugqibela ePanium.

UPompey ungqamana no-1989, yaye uloyiso lwakhe olubini phezu “kwempuma nelizwe elinqwenelekayo,” njengoko uDaniyeli eluchaza kwisahluko sesibhozo nakwindima yesithoba, lumela uloyiso lokomoya nolwezopolitiko lobupopu phezu kwalowo wayesakuba yiSoviet Union, kwakunye noloyiso lokomoya phezu kwelizwe elizukileyo lobuProtestanti obuvunyiweyo. UJulius Caesar uza koyiswa eRaphia, njengoko woyiswayo noAntiochus III, nanjengoko kuya koyiswa noZelenskyy. UJulius ngumxholo weendima zeshumi elinesixhenxe ukuya kweleshumi elinesithoba, kuze emva koko uAgasto Kesare eme njengomnyusi weerhafu. UTiberias Kesare ulawula ngexesha lomnqamlezo, ngoko ke uTiberias ngumthetho weCawa wendima yeshumi elinesithandathu.

Oku kuhambelanisa uAgasto nePanium yendinyana yeshumi elinesihlanu, kwanemfazwe yaseRaphia yendinyana yeshumi elinanye noYulius. Imfazwe yasePanium yimfazwe yesithathu yehlabathi eqala kanye phambi komthetho weCawa wendinyana yeshumi elinesithandathu, kodwa ke iguqukele kwimfazwe yaseActium. IPanium yayiyimfazwe yomhlaba (iUnited States) yaye iActium yayiyimfazwe yolwandle (ihlabathi.) UAgasto umelwe ePanium kumgca wabalawuli abane baseRoma, yaye wayenguye kanye inkokeli eActium. EPanium uAntiochus waqubisana neYiputa, eyayimanyene neRoma, yaye eActium uAgasto waqubisana neYiputa (uCleopatra) emanyene neRoma (uMarc Antony). Oku kuthetha ukuba uPompey umele indinyana yamashumi amane kude kuse ku-1989, yaye iTiberias imele umthetho weCawa wendinyana yamashumi amane ananye. UYulius Caesar wafika ngo-2014 xa kwaqalayo iMfazwe yaseUkraine njengoko yalinganiselwa kwangaphambili yimfazwe yaseRaphia ngo-217 BC.

Oku kuchaza ukuba iivesi zeshumi elinesixhenxe ukuya kweshumi elinesibini elinambini ziqala ngowe-1989 zize ziphele kumthetho weCawa, yaye ngoko ke ziyimbali ehambelana “nembali efihliweyo” yevesi yamashumi amane. Umgca wesiprofeto wamaMaccabee nawo uhambelana kanye nale “mbali efihliweyo” inye. Umgca wabalawuli baseRoma uchaza iRoma yanamhlanje, irhamncwa leSityhilelo 16, yaye umgca wamaMaccabee uchaza ilizwe elizukileyo, umprofeti wobuxoki weSityhilelo 16. Umgca weemfazwe ezintathu uchaza uloyiso phezu kokumkani wasezantsi, inamba yeSityhilelo 16.

Loo migca mithathu imele amagunya amathathu akhokela ihlabathi eArmagedon, yaye amelwe kwindima yamashumi amane njengokumkani wasezantsi, inamba, ukumkani wasentla, irhamncwa, yaye iinqwelo, abakhweli-mahashe neenqanawa zingumprofeti wobuxoki. Imigca emithathu esuka kwindima yeshumi ukuya kweyamashumi amabini anesithathu imele amagunya amathathu kwimbali efihlakeleyo yendima yamashumi amane, engento yimbi nengaphantsi kwayo ngaphandle kokuba ngumzekeliso oqhubekayo wezihloko ezithathu ezimelwe kwimbali evulekileyo yendima yamashumi amane.

## Ivesi yokuQala

Iivesi zokuqala ukuya kwesesine zichaza “ixesha lesiphelo” ngo-1989, kwakunye nabongameli abasibhozo base-United States ukususela kuloo ndawo yokuqalisa, kuqukunjelwa ngowesibhozo wokugqibela nowobutyebi obukhulu ngakumbi. Kwivesi yesine loo kumkani uba nguKumkani wehlabathi, njengoko emelwa ngu-Aleksandire Omkhulu, ukumkani uAhabhi, ookumkani abalishumi beSityhilelo ishumi elinesixhenxe, izizwe ezilishumi zeNdumiso amashumi asibhozo anesithathu, kunye neentlanga ezilishumi ezibekwe njengomfuziselo wehlabathi kwelona nyathelo lokuqala lomnqophiso kaThixo noAbram kwiGenesis 15:18–21.

Iindima yokuqala ukuya kweyesine imela imbali ukusukela ngonyaka ka-1989 kude kuse kwi-manyano eliphindwe kathathu emthethweni weCawa kwindima yama-41, yaye ngenxa yoko ziyangqinelana nabalawuli abane bamaRoma, umgca wamaMaccabees, kwanemfazwe ezintathu zeendima ye-10 ukuya kweye-15, ezithi kunye zibe yimbali efihlakeleyo yendima yama-40.

Iindinyana zesihlanu ukuya kwesithoba zibeka umgca wesiprofeto omele ngokugqibeleleyo imbali ka-538 ukuya ku-1798, yaye unika ingqiqo yembali neyesiprofeto yokuluqonda ukubaluleka kwexesha lesiphelo kwindinyana yamashumi amane. Loo ngqiqo ichaza indinyana yeshumi njengempindezelo ngenxa yembali yeendinyana zesihlanu ukuya kwesithoba, yaye ngokwenjenjalo ichaza ingqiqo ka-1989. Oku kuthetha ukuba iindinyana zokuqala ukuya kumashumi amabini anesithathu zikaDaniyeli ishumi elinanye zimele imigca emihlanu yesiprofeto ehambelana nembali efihlakeleyo yendinyana yamashumi amane. Iindinyana ezine zokuqala zingengoTrump, umongameli wesibhozo ophuma kwabasixhenxe, omiselwe ukuba abe ngukumkani wookumkani abalishumi kubukumkani besixhenxe beSityhilelo ishumi elinesixhenxe.

Iindinyana zesihlanu ukuya kwezeshumi zichonga imbali ekhokelela ku-1798 ize iqhubele ku-1989, eyimbali yendinyana yamashumi amane. Iindinyana zeshumi ukuya kwezilishumi elinesihlanu zichonga imbali yeemfazwe ezintathu zabameli eziqala ngo-1989, eyesibini iqala ngo-2014, kwandula ke umongameli osisityebi kunabo bonke wema ngo-2015. Loo mongameli osisityebi kunabo bonke wabulawa ngo-2020, yaye ngo-2022 imfazwe yaseRaphia yanda ngamandla, kwaza ke loo mongameli osisityebi kunabo bonke wabuyela ngo-2024, yaye ngo-2025 intloko yerhamncwa nentloko yomfanekiso werhamncwa zombini zafungiswa esikhundleni.

Siya kuqhubeka ngale micimbi kwinqaku elilandelayo.

Back to Articles