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# Imbali Efihlakeleyo Yevesi Yamashumi Amane — Inani Elilishumi Elinesixhenxe

Usizi lwesiBini — Icandelo Lesine

Author

Jeff Pippenger

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June 25, 2026

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## 627, 632 no-637

“Isitshixo” esivula umhadi ongenasiphelo yimfazwe yaseNineve, ezalisekiswe ngowama-627, kwiminyaka emihlanu ngaphambi kokuba uMohammed afe ngowama-632. Kwiminyaka emihlanu kamva, ngowama-637, imikhosi yamaSilamsi yathimba ikomkhulu lasePersi, elinye kula magunya makhulu mabini abalaseleyo athabatha inxaxheba kwimfazwe yaseNineve. Esi siganeko satshintsha ngamandla ulungelelwaniso lwamandla kuMbindi Mpuma. Imfazwe yaseNineve ngowama-627 yawaphelisa amandla oBukhosi basePersi, yaye kwiminyaka elishumi kamva uBukhosi basePersi baphela.

## Ukuthotywa—782

Kwiminyaka elikhulu anamashumi amahlanu emva kokufa kukaMohammed ngowama-632, kwiPhulo lama-Abbasid lowama-782, umkhosi wama-Abbasid (okuthiwa wawumalunga namadoda angama-95 000) waqalisa uhlaselo olukhulu kummandla woBukhosi baseByzantium eAsia Minor (iTurkey yanamhlanje). Baqhubela phambili de bafike eChrysopolis, ngqo ngaphesheya kweBosporus Strait ukusuka eConstantinople—besondela kakhulu kwikomkhulu laseByzantium. AmaByzantium, phantsi koMlawulikazi uIrene, afumana ukoyiswa okukhulu. Ngenxa yoko, amaByzantium anyanzeleka ukuba atyikitye uxolo lokunqumama kwemfazwe lweminyaka emithathu oluhlazisayo, evuma ukuhlawula umrhumo omkhulu wonyaka (malunga nama-70 000–90 000 eedinar zegolide) kwanokunikezela ngeengubo zesilika nabathinjwa. Eli phulo lalingelinye lawona mahlaselo makhulu nelaphumelela kakhulu ama-Abbasid awawenza kumazwe aseByzantium ngenkulungwane ye-8. Labonakalisa amandla akhulayo oBukhalifa bama-Abbasid nokuhla okuqhubekayo koBukhosi baseByzantium.

## Iinyanga ezintlanu

KwiSityhilelo isahluko sesithoba “iinyanga ezintlanu” ezilingana nekhulu elinamashumi amahlanu eminyaka zikhankanywa kabini; kube kanye kwindima yesihlanu, kwakhona kwindima yeshumi.

> Kwaye banikwa ukuba bangababulali, koko bahlutshwe iinyanga ezintlanu; yaye intuthumbo yabo yayingathi yintuthumbo kanomadudwane, xa ehlaba umntu. Kwaye ngaloo mihla abantu baya kufuna ukufa, bangakufumani; baya kunqwenela ukufa, ukufa kubabaleke. Kwaye iimilo zeenkumbi zazingathi ngamahashe alungiselwe idabi; yaye ezintlokweni zazo kwakungathi zizithsaba ezifana negolide, nobuso bazo babunjengobuso babantu. Zazineenwele ezinjengeenwele zabafazi, namazinyo azo ayenjengamazinyo eengonyama. Zazinezikhuselo zesifuba, kungathi zizikhuselo zesifuba zentsimbi; nesandi samaphiko azo sasinjengesandi seenqwelo zamahashe amaninzi agidimela edabini. Zazineemisila enjengoonomadudwane, yaye kwimimisila yazo kwakukho iimbovane; namandla azo ayekokwenzakalisa abantu iinyanga ezintlanu. ISityhilelo 9:5–10.

Kukho amaxesha amabini ahlukeneyo esiprofeto eminyaka ilikhulu elinamashumi amahlanu kwixilongo lesihlanu leSityhilelo isahluko sesithoba. Elokuqala lisusela ekufeni kukaMohammed ngowama-632 lide lifike ekuthotyweni kweKumkanikazi u-Irene woBukhosi baseRoma baseMpuma ngowama-782. Isahluko sesithoba sichaza ukuvela kobuSilamsi ngendlela eneenkcukacha kakhulu. Ukusukela ekudityanisweni kwezizwe ngowama-606, ukuya emfazweni yaseNineve ngowama-627, ukuya ekufeni kukaMohammed ngowama-632, kuze ke kufike ekoyisweni kwePersi ngowama-637, ukunyuka nokuwa kobuSilamsi kulandelwa ngononophelo eLizwini likaThixo lesiprofeto. UbuSilamsi baseArabhiya bungamandla akweso siprofeto sokuqala seminyaka elikhulu elinamashumi amahlanu sentuthumbo. Ukumanyaniswa kwezizwe nguMohammed ngowama-606; kwaza kwalandela idabi “elingundoqo” laseNineve ngowama-627, lalandelwa sisiprofeto sikaMohammed sokutshabalala kwePersi neRoma zombini malunga nowama-628, kuze ke kufike ekufeni kwakhe ngowama-632. Le mihla imele ulandelelwano oluthile lweziganeko kumgca wobuSilamsi.

Kwiminyaka elikhulu elinamashumi amahlanu emva kokuba uMohammed wasweleka ngowama-632, iziko lamandla e-Islam latshintsha lisuka eArabhiya laya eTurkey, njengoko yayityhala iRoma yaseMpuma ibuyela umva de yafika eConstantinople. Uvuthamelo lokuqala lwalumela i-Islam yaseArabhiya, yaye uvuthamelo lwesibini lwalumela i-Islam yaseTurkey. Phakathi kovuthamelo lokuqala, zombini iziprofeto zexesha zeminyaka elikhulu elinamashumi amahlanu zichaza umahluko phakathi kwe-Islam yaseArabhiya ne-Islam yaseTurkey, kanye njengoko oko kumelwa ngumahluko waloo nyaniso inye phakathi kovuthamelo lokuqala nolwesibini.

Iminyaka yokuqala elikhulu elinamashumi amahlanu yaqala ngokutshabalala kwePersi yaza yaphela iRoma ibambeke ngaphakathi kweendonga zaseConstantinople. Ixesha lesibini leminyaka elikhulu elinamashumi amahlanu laqala ngoloyiso luka-Osman (okwabizwa kananjalo ngokuba nguOttman) eNicomedia. Uloyiso lwama-Ottoman eNicomedia lubhekisela kuNgqingo lweNicomedia (i-İzmit yanamhlanje, eTurkey), olwenzeka ukususela ngowe-1333 ukuya kowe-1337 xa uSultan Orhan Gazi (unyana ka-Osman I, umseki we-Ottoman Beylik), wangqinga isixeko esibalulekileyo samaByzantium, iNicomedia. Isixeko saxhathisa kangangeminyaka emininzi, kodwa ekugqibeleni sanikela ngowe-1337 ngenxa yendlala nokunqongophala kwezinto zokubonelela. Umkhosi wokhuselo wamaByzantium wavunyelwa ukuba uhambe uye eConstantinople. INicomedia yayiyeyenye yeenqaba zokugqibela ezinkulu zamaByzantium eAsia Minor (Anatolia). Ukuwa kwaso kwaphelisa ngokwenene ulawulo lwamaByzantium kuninzi lweAnatolia yasentshona. Olu loyiso lwavumela ama-Ottoman ukuba aqinise amandla awo eBithynia aze ande ngakumbi esiya ngakwiBosporus Strait. Lwalulinyathelo elikhulu elikhokelela ekoyisweni kokugqibela kweConstantinople ngama-Ottoman (okwenzeka ngaphezu kwenkulungwane kamva ngowe-1453). Ingqingo le idla ngokubonwa njengenye yoloyiso oluphambili lwangaphambili olwaguqula i-beylik encinane yama-Ottoman yaba ligunya lommandla elalinyuka.

Xa ixesha lesibini leminyaka elikhulu elineshumi elinesihlanu ngaphakathi kwexilongo lokuqala lafikelela esiphelweni ngomhla wama-27 kuJulayi 1449, uConstantine wokugqibela wafuna imvume kusultan wamaSilamsi ukuze anyukele etroneni yaseRoma yaseMpuma, ngaloo ndlela ehlupheka olo luhlazo lunye olwafunyanwa yiNkosazana uIrene ekupheleni kweminyaka elikhulu elineshumi elinesihlanu yokuqala yamaxesha amabini “eenyanga ezintlanu” eSityhilelweni sesithoba. Ukuhlaziswa kuka ‘uNkosazana uIrene’ kwanokuka ‘Constantine wokugqibela’ kwaba ngumfuziselo wokuhlaziswa okwalandelayo kwama-Ottoman, xa ekupheleni kwesiprofeto sexesha sentlungu yesibini afuna ukukhuselwa kumagunya amane amakhulu aseYurophu nxamnye nesoyikiso saseYiputa.

## IPanteyon

OoVulindlela baqonda kakuhle baza bafundisa ngokuchanekileyo ukuba ibinzana elithi “indawo yengcwele yakhe yaphoswa phantsi” kuDaniyeli isibhozo nendinyana yeshumi elinanye lazalisekiswa nguConstantine.

> Ewe, wazikhulisa wada waya kufika nkqu kwiNkosana yomkhosi; yaye ngaye umbingelelo wemihla ngemihla wasuswa, nendawo yengcwele yayo yawiswa phantsi.

“Ingcwele” echongiweyo apha yayiyitempile yePantheon kwisixeko saseRoma, yaye “indawo” yaloo tempile yayiyiRoma. IRoma “yawiswa phantsi” nguConstantine xa wakhetha ukufudusela ikomkhulu lobukumkani bakhe eConstantinople ngonyaka ka-330. Indima yeshumi elinanye inxulumene neSityhilelo seshumi elinesithathu, yaye indima yesibini ichonga ezi ziganeko zifanayo.

> Irhamncwa endayibonayo yayifana nengwe, neenyawo zayo zazinje ngeenyawo zebhere, nomlomo wayo unjengomlomo wengonyama; yaza inamba yayinika amandla ayo, netrone yayo, negunya elikhulu.

Inamba yayinguRoma wobuhedeni, yaye uRoma wobuhedeni wanikela “isihlalo” sawo segunya kwicawa yaseRoma ngowama-330, xa wawusa ikomkhulu usiya empuma, ngaloo ndlela ushiya isikhewu segunya awathi icawa yobupopu yasixhamla ngovuyo. Xa siqala umgca weRoma yasempuma ukusuka kumnyaka wama-330 kuse kowe-1453, sifumanisa ukuba ekuqaleni kwesiprofeto seRoma yasempuma, isixeko saseRoma sathotywa kukwaliwa kweRoma nguConstantine. Oko kuthotywa kwaphindwa ngoKumkanikazi uIrene ngowama-782, ekupheleni kweminyaka yokuqala elikhulu elinamashumi amahlanu yentuthumbo. Kokubini oko kuthotywa kwaphindwa nguConstantine wokugqibela.

## Ukunyuka nokuwa Okungaqhelekanga

Ixilongo lesihlanu nelesithandathu leSityhilelo isahluko sesithoba zinika iinkcukacha zokuwa kweRoma yasempuma, kwangaxeshanye zibhala ukunyuka nokuwa kobuSilamsi. Umphefumlelo usixelela ukuba sifunde “ukunyuka nokuwa” kwezikumkani ezisezincwadini zikaDaniyeli neSityhilelo. Ezo zikumkani zineempawu zazo ezicacileyo ezinxulumene “nokunyuka nokuhla” kwazo okungaqhelekanga. Ukuwa kukaYuda kwaziswa luhlaselo oluthathu phezu kweYerusalem. AmaHebhere athinjelwa eBhabheli aza abuya phantsi kwemithetho emithathu, eya kuqalisa iminyaka engama-2,300 eyakhokelela ekubeni iingelosi ezintathu zingene embalini ukusuka kowe-1798 kuse kowe-1844. IBhabheli yawa ngobusuku bunye. IRoma yachithakala, yaye phakathi kokuchithakala kwayo kwabekwa phambili imiba emibini yeRoma phantsi kwendawo yeRoma yasentshona okanye yeRoma yasempuma. Ukunyuka nokuwa kobukumkani bamaPtolemy nobukumkani bamaSeleukos kwisahlulo sokuqala sesithathu sikaDaniyeli isahluko seshumi elinanye kufuzisela ukunyuka nokuwa kweRoma yobupopu. Obo bungqina sisiphelo nje sebali lika-Aleksandire nokuchithakala kweGrisi. Ngokungafaniyo neRoma, iGrisi yahlulwa yangamacandelo amane awathi ekugqibeleni aba mabini. IRoma yahlulwa yaba yimpuma nentshona, yaye emva koko iRoma yasentshona yahlulwa ngokwesiprofeto yaba ntathu, imela ulawulo lweRoma olunezintlu-ntathu. Ngokuphathelele iRoma yasempuma, uKonstantine wahlula ubukumkani bakhe koonyana bakhe abathathu. Kucacile ukuba iRoma yasentshona neRoma yasempuma yimigca ehambelanayo emele ibandla laseRoma norhulumente waseRoma. Kolo lwahlulo luphindwe kabini kukho kwakhona ulwahlulo oluphindwe kathathu. IGrisi yayisuka kwesine iye kwesibini, iBhabheli yayibusuku bunye, uYuda yayiluhlaselo oluthathu. Ngokubhekisele kubuSilamsi, “ukunyuka” kwabo kubonakaliswa “njengokukhululwa,” yaye “ukuwa” kwabo “kukuthintelwa.”

Ukunyuka kwabo kwaqala ngoMohammed, baza bathintelwa ngomhla we-11 kuAgasti, 1840. Bakhululwa baza bathintelwa kwangoko nge-9/11. Kutshanje bakhululwa ngomhla we-7 kuOkthobha, 2023, yaye ukususela ngoko baye bathintelwa eGaza. UbuSilamsi buya kuphinda bukhululwe ukuze kuphawulwe ukumiswa komfanekiso werhamncwa. Umgca wembali yesiprofeto yobuSilamsi omelwe kwizahluko zesithoba kude kube seshumi elinanye encwadini yeSityhilelo, uchaza imbali yesiprofeto yobuSilamsi yeshwangusha lesithathu. “Imbali yesiprofeto yobuSilamsi yeshwangusha lesithathu” ikwamelwe yingelosi yesixhenxe kwanayingelosi yesithathu. Ingelosi yesithathu yafika ngomhla wama-22 kuOktobha, 1844, xa ingelosi yesixhenxe yaqalisa ukuvakala. Ingelosi yesithathu neshwangusha lesithathu zangena kwimbali yesiprofeto nge-9/11. Ukusuka nge-9/11 kude kube ngumthetho weCawa, imbali yesiprofeto yeshwangusha lokuqala nelesibini ibikade, yaye isaqhubeka, iphinda-phinda.

“Isitshixo” sedabi laseNineve, sitsalela amagunya amabini, iRoma nePersi, kunxibelelwano oluthe ngqo nolungenakwahlulwa neSilamsi. INineve ichaza ngokucacileyo ngakumbi kunayo nayiphi na enye indima yesiBhalo ukutshabalala okuqhubekayo kweRoma yasentshona neyaseMpuma.

UHerode ungumfuziselo wenamba; wayemele iRoma. Inamba ekupheleni kwehlabathi yiZizwe eziManyeneyo. Ngexesha lomthetho weCawa, ubukumkani besithandathu buyawa, obwesixhenxe buqala, kodwa bunikela ubukumkani babo kubukumkani besibhozo emsithweni wabo wokuzalwa ngokwabo. Ubukumkani besixhenxe busandul’ ukuzalwa, yaye ngokukhawuleza buyavuma ukunikela ubukumkani babo kwihenyukazi laseBhabhiloni iyure enye, njengoko kufuziselwa nguHerode ethembisa uSalome ukuya kutsho kwisiqingatha sobukumkani bakhe.

Kanye apho i-United States iwela khona, i-United Nations iyazalwa yaye umanyano oluphindwe kathathu luyamiselwa. UHerode yidrako, yaye uHerodiya bubupopu, yaye i-United States nguSalome. UHerode wayekumanyano lomtshato olungekho mthethweni, kuba wayetshate nomfazi womntakwabo, yaye kwinqanaba lesiprofeto wayekubudlelwaneni bokulalana kwezihlobo noSalome, kuba kucacile ukuba wayemnqwenela ngentliziyo njengoko wayedanisa. Idrako inobudlelwane nonina kwanentombi. Oku kubalulekile ukukubona xa uqinisekisa ukuba iRoma yasentshona neRoma yasempuma zimela ubuqhinga becawa nobuqhinga borhulumente ngokulandelelana. IRoma, ubukumkani besine besiprofeto seBhayibhile, yabeka ubupopu etroneni ngokwesiprofeto, yaye ngokwenza njalo yafanekisa i-United States eya kuphinda ibeke ubupopu etroneni.

Ukutshabalala okuqhubekayo kweRoma yasentshona ukusuka ku-330 ukuya ku-476 kumela ukutshabalala okuqhubekayo kwe-United States ukusuka ku-1798 ukuya kumthetho weCawa. Unyaka ka-“330” nomnyaka ka-“1798” bobabini bangamanqaku endlela esiprofeto abizwa ngokuba “lixesha elimisiweyo” okanye “lixesha lesiphelo” encwadini kaDaniyeli. U-330 uphawula ukuqala kweRoma yasentshona neyasempuma. Isiphelo sazo zombini kukuthotywa kwenkokeli yaseRoma, kanye njengokuba uConstantine wathoba isidima sesixeko saseRoma ekuqaleni. U-476 wawusisiphelo sexesha lesiprofeto esiphawula indlela ulwakhiwo lwezopolitiko oludumileyo lwaseRoma olwawaqhekeka ngayo phantsi kwamanyathelo amathathu. Ixesha elaqala ngokulahlwa kwesixeko ngo-330 lalandelwa kukuthotywa kolwakhiwo lwabo lonke lwezopolitiko—iriphabliki yabo ebalaseleyo, eyayiyeyona nto iphambili yokuqhayisa kweRoma yamandulo, yachithwa—aza ekugqibeleni lafikelela ku-476, xa kwakungasayi kuphinda kubekho mlawuli phezu kweRoma owayevela kumlibo wegazi wokwenene waseRoma. Imigca emibini yaseRoma eqala ngonyaka ka-330, nesiqendu apho le migca mibini ibekwe khona, sikwaquka nemigca emibini yesiprofeto yeenyanga ezintlanu. Umgca weRoma yasentshona uqala uze uphele ngokuthotywa okuqhubekayo. Umgca weRoma yasempuma uqala uze uphele ngokuthotywa okuqhubekayo ngo-1449, njengoko uConstantine wokugqibela wacela imvume yokulawula.

Elinye lamaxesha eenyanga ezintlanu likhokelela esiphelweni seSilamsi sama-Arabhu njengengqwalasela yesiprofeto nasekuqaleni kweSilamsi samaTurkey ngo-782. Ngaloo mhla uKumkanikazi u-Irene uyathotywa, ngokuhambelana nokuthotywa kukaConstantine wokugqibela ekupheleni kwesiprofeto sesibini seenyanga ezintlanu. Iziprofeto ezibini zeenyanga ezintlanu ngaphakathi kwibali elinye leendinyana ezilishumi elinesihlanu. Esinye sibonakalisa imbali yeSilamsi yaseArabhiya, esinye yona eyeSilamsi yaseTurkey. Zombini ziphetha ngokuthotywa kweRoma yasempuma. Isiphelo sesinye seziprofeto sazalisekiswa ngokuthotywa komfazi, esinye ngokwendoda. Umgca phezu komgca zichonga ukuthotywa kwecawa norhulumente waseRoma yasempuma. Zombini ezi zithotywa ziziswa yiSilamsi yesishwangusha sokuqala. Ukuthotywa kukaConstantine wokugqibela ngo-1449 kuqalisa ixesha leminyaka emine eliphela ngo-1453, xa iindonga zaseConstantinople zisiwa phantsi. U-1449 umele ukuthotywa, yaye ngo-1453 iindonga ziyawa phantsi, nobukumkani buyaphela.

## Ukufa kukaMohammed

Elinye kula maxesha mabini eenyanga ezintlanu liqala ngokufa kukaMohammed, ochongwe njenge “kumkani owayephezu kwabo” kwivesi yeshumi elinanye.

> Kwaye babenokumkani phezu kwabo, onguyingelosi yomngxuma ongenasiphelo, ogama lakhe ngolwimi lwesiHebhere linguAbhadon, kodwa ngolwimi lwesiGrike igama lakhe linguApoliyon.

Ukumkani phezu kwabo wayenguMohammed, kuba uchongiwe kwindinyana yokuqala, ngoko akanguye omnye umntu wobuSilamsi; nguMohammed ukumkani, yaye ukumkani bubukumkani, yaye ubuSilamsi bubukumkani bukaMohammed.

> Yaza isithunywa sezulu sesihlanu sacudisa ixilongo, ndabona inkwenkwezi isiwa ezulwini isiya emhlabeni; yaza yona yanikwa isitshixo somhadi ongenasiphelo. Yawuvula umhadi ongenasiphelo; kwanyuka umsi uphuma emhadini, unjengomsi wesithando somlilo esikhulu; ilanga nomoya benziwa mnyama ngenxa yomsi womhadi. Kwaza kwaphuma emsini iinkumbi zeza phezu komhlaba; zaza zona zanikwa amandla, njengoko oonomadudwane bomhlaba benamandla. ISityhilelo 9:1–3.

Ukuphindaphindwa kweshwangusha lokuqala nelesibini ngaphakathi kweshwangusha lesithathu kuhambelana nokuphindaphindwa kwengelosi yokuqala neyesibini ngaphakathi kwengelosi yesithathu. UMohammed, ukumkani, wanikwa isitshixo sokuvula umhadi ongenasiphelo, yaye u-9/11 uchaza ixesha apho ingelosi yesithathu inikwe amandla. UKristu njengengelosi enamandla emva koko wehla njengoko isibetho sokuqala sikaBhileham safika kwimbali yesiprofeto. Waza umhadi ongenasiphelo wavuleka, yaye ubuSilamsi baphinda baba ngumxholo wembali yehlabathi. UKristu ke wakhokela abantu baKhe wabuyisela ezindleleni zamandulo zikaYeremiya, yaye umyalezo weshwangusha lesithathu nowengelosi yesithathu waqalisa ukuvakaliswa. Ngo-2015, uTrump wavakalisa injongo yakhe yokungenela ugqatso lobongameli, ngaloo ndlela evusa amagunya edragoni eglobalisti, yaye umhadi ongenasiphelo waza wakhulula ubungakholelwa kuThixo obathi ekugqibeleni bambulala uTrump ezitratweni zaseSodom naseYiputa. Ngexesha lomthetho weCawa, irhamncwa elingelesibhozo, elivela kwasixhenxe, liya kunyuka liphuma emhadini ongenasiphelo. Ukuqala kwexesha lokutywinwa kwamakhulu alikhulu anamashumi amane anesine amawaka, kwanokuphela kwalo, kuchaza ukuvela kwamandla omhadi ongenasiphelo.

> Irhamncwa olibonileyo lalisakuba likho, yaye alisekho; yaye liya kunyuka liphuma enzonzobileni, lize liye entshabalalweni; nabo bahlala emhlabeni baya kumangaliswa, abo amagama abo angabhalwanga encwadini yobomi kwasekusekweni kwehlabathi, bakulibona irhamncwa elalisakuba likho, yaye alisekho, kanti likho. ISityhilelo 17:8.

UbuSilamsi sisitshixo esavula umhadi ongenasiphelo ngomhla ka-9/11, yaye sisona sivula umhadi ongenasiphelo ngexesha lomthetho weCawa. Phakathi kwexesha lokutywinwa, nerhamncwa-inamba lobuzwe behlabathi nalo laphuma emhadini ongenasiphelo.

> Xa baya kuba begqibile ubungqina babo, irhamncwa elinyuka liphuma enzonzobileni liya kulwa nabo, liboyise, lize libabulale. ISityhilelo 11:7.

Isitshixo esivula zonke ezo zikhumbuzo zintathu zendlela zamandla avela emhadini ongenasiphelo sanikwa uMohammed, ukumkani wobukumkani bamaSilamsi. Idabi laseNineve ngowe-627 lamela idabi phakathi kwamandla amabini awaphelisa amandla omabini amaqela alwayo, nto leyo eyavumela ubuSilamsi ukuba bukhawuleze buphakame bube ngamandla. Isitshixo sajikwa ngomhla ka-9/11, kwaza kwaqalisa ukuphakama kobuSilamsi, nangona emva nje kwethutyana bathintelwa. Idabi laseNineve labonakaliswa ngokomfuziselo ngomhla ka-9/11, kuba apho ukuphakama kobuSilamsi kwaqala njengoko ingelosi enamandla yehla ukuze ikhanyise ihlabathi ngobuqaqawuli bayo, yaye nenkwenkwezi, ethetha umthunywa, nayo yawa ivela ezulwini. Idabi laseNineve likwabonakaliswa ngokomfuziselo ekugqibeleni, xa kufika umthetho weCawa kuze kuqalise ixesha lesibini leMinyaka yoBumnyama njengoko umsi wenkolo yamaSilamsi usithelisa ilanga.

## Exeter

Umthetho weCawa uchazwa ngomfuziselo xa isigidimi sokukhala kwasezinzulwini zobusuku sifika kwintlanganiso yenkampu yase-Exeter. Emva koko kuqala iintshukumo zokugqibela zokumiswa komfanekiselo werhamncwa. Ukwakhiwa, okanye ukumiswa komfanekiselo, kwaqala ngo-9/11, kodwa ekupheleni kwelo xesha, ixesha lokubhengezwa kokukhala kwasezinzulwini zobusuku nalo liyi-fractal yalo lonke ixesha lokwakheka komfanekiselo elaqala ngo-9/11. Isiqalo simela isiphelo. Ishwangusha lokuqala lichaza ngomfuziselo ishwangusha lesithathu, kanye njengokuba ingelosi yokuqala ichaza ngomfuziselo ingelosi yesithathu. Imfazwe yaseNineve ekupheleni kwexesha lokutywinwa, ichonga imfazwe yaseNineve ekuqaleni. Imfazwe yaseNineve ngexesha loMthetho weCawa, sisiphelo sexesha lokutywinwa elaqala ngo-9/11, kodwa ikwangisiphelo sexesha lokubhengezwa kokukhala kwasezinzulwini zobusuku. Ngoko ke imfazwe yaseNineve ichazwa ngomfuziselo ekuqaleni ukuya ekubhengezweni kokukhala kwasezinzulwini zobusuku, nto leyo echonga amanyathelo okugqibela ekwakhiweni komfanekiselo werhamncwa eUnited States, yaye ngexesha loMthetho weCawa kuqala ukuqala kokwakhiwa komfanekiselo werhamncwa ehlabathini. INineve sisitshixo esilungelelanisa imigca eyahlukeneyo efumana ukuzaliseka kwayo okugqibeleleyo kwimbali efihlakeleyo yevesi yamashumi amane.

Siya kuqhubekela phambili ngakumbi kwinqaku elilandelayo.

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