Article

# Panium — Inombolo Yesibini

Ukuphakama nokuwa koKumkani woMzantsi

Author

Jeff Pippenger

Published

February 27, 2025

Formats

PDF
Word
Song MP3

Sigqibe inqaku lokugqibela ngokubhala sisithi, “Iivesi 10–15 zimele iimfazwe ezintathu zobambiso eziphunyezwa ngukumkani wasemantla, amandla obupopu, ukusuka ngowe-1989 kude kuse emthethweni weCawa.” Ezi mfazwe zintathu zobambiso ziqala ngokuchongwa kwe-United States kwivesi 40 ngokuthi “ziinqwelo zokulwa, iinqanawa, namahashe namadoda amahashe.”

Imfazwe elandelayo yommeli, emelwe yivesi 11 kunye nokuzaliseka kwayo kwembali kwiMfazwe yaseRaphia ngowama-217 BC, yayiphakathi kukaPtolemy IV Philopator, ukumkani wasezantsi waseYiputa, noAntiochus Omkhulu, okwabizwa ngokuba nguAntiochus Magnus, wobuBukhosi bamaSeleucid. UAntiochus wayezalisekisile ivesi 10 xa wayephindisa kwiYiputa ngenxa yokoyiswa kobukumkani bakhe basemantla nokulahlekelwa kwabo zizinto zabo ezazisesandleni sabo, ebuyisela kwakhona yonke imimandla ubukumkani basezantsi obabuyithathile ngaphambili ebukumkanini bakhe. Wakwenza oko, kodwa wema emdeni waseYiputa, ngaloo ndlela ezalisekisa ivesi 10 kwaye esenza umzekelo wohlobo luka-1989.

> Kodwa oonyana bakhe baya kuvuswa, bahlanganise inkitha yemikhosi emikhulu; yaye omnye uya kufika ngokuqinisekileyo, agaleleke, adlule; aze abuye, avuswe, ade aye kufikelela kwinqaba yakhe. Daniyeli 11:10.

Imfazwe yesibini yommeli yayiyiMfazwe yaseRafiya. IRafiya ithetha ummandla womda. Loo ndawo yemfazwe iphawula indawo apho uAntiyokusi wayeyeke khona uhlaselo lwakhe lwangaphambili lwesahluko 10. Ezi mfazwe zintathu zommeli zilawulwa yinyaniso, ngengqiqo yokuba imfazwe yokuqala yommeli ihambelana nemfazwe yokugqibela yommeli. Zontathu ezi mfazwe—iindima 10, 11, kwaze kwalandela eyesithathu yemfazwe yeendima 13–15—zilwa ngumntu omnye wembali ekuzalisekeni kwazo kokuqala. UAntiyokusi Magnusi ukho kuyo nganye kwezi mfazwe zintathu, ezidibanisa ngokwesiprofeto zaba ngumgca omnye. UAntiyokusi uyaphumelela kwimfazwe yokuqala neyokugqibela, kodwa hayi kule iphakathi, apho ukumkani wasemzantsi oyisileyo.

Kanye njengoko uRafiya ethetha ummandla womda, kunjalo neUkraine. Imfazwe yesibini yommeli, eyazalisekiswa kuqala yiDabi laseRafiya, ngoku iyazalisekiswa emfazweni waseUkraine. UVladimir Putin ngukumkani wasezantsi, inzala yesiprofeto yomkumkani wokuqala wale mihla wasezantsi, uVladimir Lenin. UPutin uye wabanga ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukuba impendulo yaseRashiya kwiUkraine isekelwe kwisivumelwano esiphikisanwayo sokuba, ekudityanisweni kwakhona kweJamani, iNATO yayingayi kuqhubeka yanda ingene ngakumbi kummandla wangaphambili weUSSR. Inkuthazo kaPutin ifana nekaPtolemy kwiindinyana 5–9 nekaNapoleon ngowe-1797. Bobathathu aba kumkani basezantsi bayazithethelela izenzo zabo nxamnye nokumkani wasemantla ngokusekelwe kwisivumelwano esaphulwayo.

NgokukaIsaya 23, ihenyukazi laseTire, elimela amandla obupopu, laliya kulityalwa iminyaka engamashumi asixhenxe, njengemihla yokumkani omnye—ixesha eliboniswe ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukuba lilo ixesha xa ubukumkani besithandathu besiprofeto seBhayibhile, irhamncwa lomhlaba leSityhilelo 13 (iUnited States), lilawula.

> Kuya kuthi ngaloo mini iTire ilityalwe iminyaka engamashumi asixhenxe, ngokwemihla yokumkani omnye; emva kokuphela kweminyaka engamashumi asixhenxe iTire iya kucula njengehenyukazi. Thabatha uhadi, ujikeleze umzi, wena henyukazi belilityalwe; yenza umculo omnandi, cula iingoma ezininzi, ukuze ukhunjulwe. Kuya kuthi emva kokuphela kweminyaka engamashumi asixhenxe, uYehova ayivelele iTire, ibuyele emvuzweni wayo, ihenyuze nezikumkani zonke zehlabathi phezu kobuso bomhlaba. Isaya 23:15–17.

Ixesha elingokomfuziselo leminyaka engamashumi asixhenxe lisusela kowe-1798 liye kufike kumthetho weCawa, eliyimbali emelwe yindinyana yama-40. Akude kube sekupheleni kwale minyaka ingamashumi asixhenxe, okanye ekusondeleni komthetho weCawa, apho ihenyukazi liphinde livele khona. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, imfazwe yamadabi amathathu akwizi ndinyana ze-10–15 iqhutywa ngummeli wamandla opopu, kuba ngelixesha lilibalekile ngokwesiprofeto.

Kwiimfazwe zokuqala nezokugqibela zommeli, ukumkani wasemntla uyamoyisa ukumkani wasemazantsi. Kwidabi eliphakathi, ukumkani wasemazantsi uyamoyisa ukumkani wasemntla. Idabi laseRafiya laba kukuzaliseka kokuqala kwembali kwendima 11, yaye le ndima kunye nokuzaliseka kwayo kwembali zenza amangqina amabini afanele ukudityaniswa neendinyana ezihambelanayo zeentsuku ezintathu ezinesiqingatha zesiprofeto zolawulo lweRoma yobupopu. Ngaloo ndlela, iindinyana ezimbini zeSibhalo ngaphakathi kuDaniyeli 11, zikhatshwa kukuzaliseka kwazo kwembali, zibeka phambili iimpawu zesiprofeto zedabi lomda elikwindima 11, elaqala ukuzaliseka kwiDabi laseRafiya laza laphinda kwakhona ngexesha lesiphelo ngo-1798.

Le migca yobungqina ixhasa into yokuba uVladimir Putin ngowokugqibela kubo ooVladimir bokumkani bale mihla bokumkani basemzantsi. “Vladimir” ihlala ichazwa njengothetha ukuthi “umlawuli wehlabathi,” kodwa igama elithi mir likwathetha ngokuchanekileyo ukuthi “uluntu.” Ngoko ke, uVladimir uthetha ukuthi “umlawuli woluntu,” okanye “umlawuli wobukomanisi.” UPutin uchaza ukubandakanyeka kwakhe neUkraine njengokusekelwe kwisivumelwano esaphulwayo esasiqwalasela iinkxalabo zakhe malunga nokungena kweNATO ngaphaya kwemida ekuvunyelwene ngayo emva kokudityaniswa kweJamani. Inkqubo kaPutin ijoliswe kakhulu ngokuchasene neNATO kunye ne-EU njengoko injalo ngokuchasene noZelenskyy neUkraine. Ukungena kweNATO ne-EU kummandla uPutin anyanzelisa ukuba wawumele uhlale ungena-NATO kuhambelana nomsindo kaPtolemy xa ukumkani wakwaSeleucus wabeka ecaleni inkosazana yaseYiputa awayeyitshate ngenxa yomfazi wakhe wangaphambili. Eso sivumelwano saphulwayo sasikhomba kwangaphambili kwiSivumelwano saseTolentino esaphulwayo ngo-1797. KuDaniyeli 11, xa ukumkani wasemzantsi esoyisa ukumkani wasemntla, oko kubandakanya isivumelwano esaphulwayo.

Lo mnqophiso waphukileyo uchaphazela ukungavumi kwe-EU ukunyanzela izithintelo ekwandeni kwe-NATO ngaphaya kwemida yayo ngexesha iJamani yayidibaniswa kwakhona. Ngale ngqiqo, uPutin, ukumkani wasezantsi, ukwimfazwe nxamnye nokumkani wasentla, omelwe ngamandla akhe angummeli. Kanye njengokuba amaNazi eMfazwe Yehlabathi II ayengummeli weCawa yamaKatolika, amaNazi aseUkraine aba ngumqondiso wemfazwe yesibini yabameli kwiivesi 10–15. Iimfazwe zehlabathi ezintathu neemfazwe zabameli ezintathu—yaye kuzo zombini ezi ndidi, amaNazi angabameli beCawa yamaKatolika ngexesha lembambano ephakathi.

Kuzo zonke ezo zifezekiso zintathu zantlandlolo zembali zale mfazwe zamagunya amelelayo, uAntiochus Magnus wayekhona kwidabi ngalinye. Sekukade kubonisiwe kaninzi indlela intsingiselo yegama elithi “Antiochus” kunye nomfuziselo onxulumene nobukumkani bamaSeleucid njengokumkani wasentla ezimchaza ngayo uAntiochus njengophawu lomchasi-kristu—upopu waseRoma. Kodwa kwimbali yezo mfazwe zintathu zamagunya amelelayo, ihenyukazi laseTire liyalityalwa, ngoko ke umqondiso “wopopu” omelwe ligama elithi “Antiochus” umele igunya lakhe elimelelayo. Kwidabi lokuqala nelokugqibela, yiUnited States eyenza ngokucacileyo imisebenzi yeRoma. Kwindima ye-11, igunya elimelelayo bubuNazi baseUkraine, kodwa yayikwaye isekhona imikhombe neenqwelo zokulwa zeUnited States ezazixhasa uZelenskyy emfazweni. Phezu komhlaba wemfazwe yesibini yamagunya amelelayo, iUnited States ifihlekile, njengokuba nopopu efihlekile ngexesha leminyaka engamashumi asixhenxe kaIsaya 23. IUnited States ifihlekile kanye kuloo mbali apho iphuhlisa zonke iimpawu zerhamncwa, nto leyo eyenza kube ngokwesiprofeto kufanelekile ukuba, akuba umlo wesibini wamandla amelelayo sele uqhubeka, iUnited States ifihlwe ligunya elimelelayo lobuNazi baseUkraine, nangona ihlala iyingangamsha yomkhosi neyoqoqosho yerhamncwa lasemhlabeni exhasa iUkraine de kube kukutshabalala kwabo.

Xa ukumkani wasemzantsi waya eBhabheli waza wamthimba ukumkani wasemantla, kwanaxa noGeneral Berthier wayithimba ipopu, wangena ngqo eVatican, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba imfazwe yaseUkraine iya kuphela ngoloyiso lukaPutin ngexesha apho nakuphi na ukuxhathisa okuvela eUkraine kususiwe. Ubukumkani uPtolemy awabuthimbayo yayiyiBhabheli, yaye ubukumkani uNapoleon awabuthimbayo yayiyiBhabheli yokomoya. Ngaloo ndlela, ubukumkani bukaZelenskyy bumelwe ngabo bantu bamxhasayo. Ngoku ekubeni uTrump erhoxisile inkxaso yeenqwelo, abakhweli-mahashe neenqanawa zerhamncwa lomhlaba, inkxaso yaseUkraine yi-EU, elo qela kanye elingazange likulungele ukuva amabango kaPutin ngomnqophiso owaphulwayo malunga nokungenelela kweNATO.

Ifilosofi ekhokelela iiyurokrati ze-EU yintshukumo yeGreenpeace. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, uZelenskyy uthetha ukuthi, “luhlaza.” UZelenskyy uyintloko engokomfuziselo yabarhwebi bemfazwe be-EU abakhokelwa yi-ajenda yehlabathi yobudenge yokukhathalela okusingqongileyo. Xa imfazwe yaseUkraine isiphela, uPutin akayi kubhiyozela uloyiso phezu kweUkraine kuphela, kodwa nolo phezu kwe-EU iphela kunye ne-NATO.

Ngoko ke iimfazwe ezintathu ezimelwanayo zithwala uphawu lwenyaniso. Kweyokuqala nakweyokugqibela imfazwe emelwanayo ukumkani wasemzantsi uyoyiswa ngomfelandawonye phakathi kwerhamncwa laselwandle nerhamncwa lasemhlabeni leSityhilelo seshumi elinesithathu. Ekuqaleni uloyiso lokumkani wasemantla lwazalisekiswa ngomfelandawonye phakathi kopopu ongcine imveli, ongokaVatican I, othi, kumxholo weemfihlelo zaseFatima zembali-mbali yobuKatolika, abe ngupopu omhlophe okanye olungileyo. Upopu wangoku, othi njengoko ndibhala oku abe ekwibhedi yokufa, ungokaVatican II, upopu okhululekileyo, othi, kumxholo weemfihlelo zaseFatima, abe ngupopu omnyama okanye ombi.

Ivesi yeshumi elinesine ichaza ukuba xa “abaphangi babantu bakho” abaphakamisayo baza bawe bengena kwimbali yesiprofeto, umbono uyamiselwa. Ekuzalisekeni kweevesi zeshumi elinesithathu ukuya kweleshumi elinesihlanu kwiDabi lasePanium ngowama-200 BC, iRoma yobuhedeni yazingenisa kwimiba enxulumene kanye nelo dabi. Kwezi vesi zintathu ezithetha ngeDabi lasePanium, ivesi yeshumi elinesine ichaza ukuba umbono umiselwa yiRoma.

Kwimfazwe yasePanium kwimbali upopu omhlophe wolondolozo, weVatican I, uya kudibanisa amandla nowokugqibela kubongameli abasibhozo abaqala ngexesha likaReagan, lowo ngaphambili wenza umanyano nopopu wolondolozo weVatican I. Benza oko ngowe-1989 ukuze bawise i-USSR yangaphambili, yaye ekugqibeleni benza kwa oko ukuze bawise umlawuli wokugqibela waloo bukumkani kanye.

Ngeminyaka kaReagan, nangentsebenziswano phakathi kukaPopu John Paul II ne-United States of America, uJohn Paul II waqalisa ukukholwa ukuba wayengulowo popu ulungileyo weziprofeto zaseFatima. Ekhuthazwa lolo qiniseko waqalisa ukuhambahamba ihlabathi lonke ukuze akhuthaze oko wayekuqonda njengokuzaliseka kweziprofeto zaseFatima. Ngokwenza oko waba ngoyena popu uhambe kakhulu embalini, kwanoyena popu waziwayo kakhulu kuwo onke amaxesha, njengoko wayezalisekisa uqikelelo lweSityhilelo 13 lokuba kwakukho ixesha apho ihlabathi lonke laliya kumangaliswa lirhamncwa. Ubuntu bukaPopu John Paul II obabonakala esidlangalaleni bubonakalisa ngokucacileyo upopu olondolozayo weVatican I ongena kubudlelane bokumanyana nomongameli wokugqibela we-United States of America.

Ngoko ke, enye yeempawu zesiprofeto zopopu wangoku wexesha likaReagan kukuba kukho indawo apho umfanekiso wakhe woluntu uphawulwa njengophawu lwendlela. Olo phawu lukwivesi yeshumi elinesine, xa abaphangi babantu bakho bemisa umbono. Upopu John Paul II uzalisekisa uphawu lwesiprofeto lokuba ngupopu awamangalelwa ngaye umhlaba wonke, ngaloo ndlela ekhomba phambili kupopu weVatican I ongowexesha lokuphela, olondolozayo, ongena kumanyano noTrump. Xa oko kusenzeka umbono uyamiselwa, yaye okumisela umbono kukuba upopu azifake ngokwakhe kwimbali yasePanium nakunyaka ka-200 BC.

Ukuqala kwabaongameli abasibhozo kubonisa isiphelo sabaongameli abasibhozo, yaye kanye phambi komthetho weCawa wevesi yeshumi elinesithandathu, ihenyukazi laseTire elalilityelwe libuyela kwimbali evulekileyo njengoko lisenza umanyano neqabane likaReagan, uDonald Trump. Kunye, njengoko kumelwe ngumanyano lukaAntiochus noPhilip waseMakedoni, bawisa isizukulwana sokugqibela sobukumkani basemazantsi njengoko simelwe ngukumkani ongumntwana, uPtolemy. Umntwana kwisiprofeto seBhayibhile ngumfuziselo wesizukulwana sokugqibela, yaye emva kwemfazwe yaseUkraine uPutin uya kuphinda imbali yookumkani basemazantsi abaphakanyiswa luloyiso lomkhosi baze balahle indlela yabo kuhlobo oluthile lwengxaki yecawa norhulumente.

Ngoko ke, ivesi yeshumi, emele unyaka ka-1989 kunye nemfazwe yokuqala ye-proxy, isisiqalo, okanye unobumba wokuqala wealfabhethi yesiHebhere. Idabi laseRaphia elikwi vesi yeshumi elinanye, elimela imfazwe yaseUkraine, lingunobumba weshumi elinesithathu kwi-alfabhethi yesiHebhere. Inani u-13 lingumfuziselo wemvukelo, yaye umkhosi we-proxy okwimfazwe yaseUkraine ngamaNazi, olona phawu luphambili lwemvukelo kwihlabathi lanamhlanje. IPanium ingunobumba wokugqibela kwi-alfabhethi yesiHebhere, eyakhiwe ngoonobumba abangamashumi amabini anesibini. Ngoko ke, igama lesiHebhere elithi inyaniso, elenziwa ngokudibanisa unobumba wokuqala, oweshumi elinesithathu nowamashumi amabini anesibini bealfabhethi ukuze kwakhiwe igama lesiHebhere elithi “inyaniso,” lichaza ubume bezi mfazwe zintathu ze-proxy njengenyaniso. Unobumba wamashumi amabini anesibini nowokugqibela wealfabhethi yesiHebhere ungumfuziselo wobuthixo obudityaniswe nobuntu, yaye ukuzaliseka kweDabi lasePanium kungekudala kwenzeka ngexesha lobongameli bukaTrump. UTrump ngumongameli wamashumi amabini anesibini ukuba asebenze izigaba ezibini zobongameli.

IPaniyam inobungqina obuphindwe kabini kumfelandawonye ophindwe kabini, yaye kuzo zombini ezi zikhankanyo umfelandawonye umela umanyano olubonisa ubudlelwane obunesigaba sobukhosi phakathi kwamaqela amabini. Umfelandawonye phakathi kukaFilipu noAntiyokuse wawungowobuqhinga, ujoliswe ekuchaseni impembelelo yamaPtolemy neyamaRoma kwimpuma yeMeditera. Noko ke, intsebenziswano yabo yayingagxilanga kwiDabi lasePaniyam ngokwalo—uAntiyokuse walikhokela eli phulo ngokuzimeleyo, engenabandakanyo lomkhosi lukaFilipu ngokuthe ngqo. Indima kaFilipu yayiyeyangathanga ngqo ngakumbi, inika inkxaso yezopolitiko neyobuqhinga ngokuxakekisa amahlakani amaRoma nawamaPtolemy eGrisi naseAegean, nto leyo eyavumela uAntiyokuse ukuba ajolise eKoile-Siriya. Ababhali-mbali bonke bayavuma ukuba uAntiyokuse wayenamandla ngakumbi kulo mfelandawonye, nokuba yayinguAntiyokuse kuphela owawulwa ngokwenene elo dabi. Umfelandawonye wabo wawuphathelele ummandla obanzi onxulunyaniswa nobukumkani bangaphambili buka-Aleksandire. Ngoko ke, umfelandawonye unenkokeli ephambili nomonganyelwa ongaphantsi njengoko kumelwe ligama elithi Kesareya-Filipi, igama lePaniyam ngexesha uKristu wayehamba phakathi kwabantu. Ngenxa yoko iKesareya-Filipi iyahambelana noAntiyokuse noFilipu, kuba uKesare wayenamandla ngakumbi kulo mfelandawonye owawumelwa bobabini uKesare Agasto noHerode Filipu itetrarki.

Igama elithi “Tetrarch” lithetha umlawuli wesahlulo sesine. UKesare wayelawula ubukumkani bonke, yaye uFilipu wayelawula isahlulo sesine sommandla, ngaloo ndlela ebeka umqondiso kaFilipu kulwalamano oluxhomekeke kwicala lomntu kwimibutho yasePanium naseKesareya-Filipi. NgoHerode Filipu sibona umqondiso wemigca emibini yegazi, leyo yomibini eyimiqondiso yolwalamano lomnqophiso olwaphukileyo noThixo. Kwakhona sibona izandi eziphindayo zesahlulo sesine sokwahlulwa kobukumkani buka-Aleksandire baba ziinxalenye ezine, okanye ooTetrarch abane. UFilipu uthetha ukuthi umthandi wamahashe.

Kwidabi lasePanium, elizalisekiswa ekupheleni kwemfazwe yaseUkraine, uAntiochus Magnus, oko kukuthi i-United States, uya koyisa iRashiya aze angene kumfelandawonye nomdlali omncinane omelwe nguPhilip. Loo mdlali mncinane uya kuba nenxaxheba, kodwa engabandakanyeki ngokuthe ngqo emfazweni. Imfazwe iya kuba phakathi kwe-USA noPutin, ngokucacileyo inxulumene ngokuthe ngqo nembambano yonqulo eveliswe kukucaphuka nokuzingca kukaPutin, njengoko kubonakaliswa nguPtolemy IV Philopator emva kweDabi laseRaphia, kwananguKumkani u-Uziya wakwaYuda. UPtolemy no-Uziya babengookumkani basemazantsi abaphakanyiswa kukuzingca ngenxa yempumelelo yabo yasemkhosini baza ke banqwenela ukuthabatha umsebenzi ongcwele owawufanele ukwenziwa ngababingeleli kuphela. U-Uziya wafumana iqhenqa ngenxa yemizamo yakhe, yaye uPtolemy, enomsindo omkhulu, wabulala amaYuda angama-50,000 eAlexandria.

Ivesi yeshumi elinesithathu ichaza idabi eliphakathi kwesizukulwana sokugqibela sokumkani wanamhlanje woluntu, oko kukuthi ubukomanisi, iRashiya kaVladimir Putin, ne-United States of America. UTrump uyaphumelela edabini, kodwa wenza njalo enomncedi ovela kwinxalenye yesine yobukumkani, ongekho ngokwenene edabini. Sisondele esiphelweni sevesi yeshumi elinanye njengoko kungqinwa ziziganeko zangoku. UPutin uya koyisa iUkraine, njengoko imelwe yiRafiya. Emva koko uya kuqalisa ukuwa kwakhe okuqhubekayo, njengoko kumelwe kukubekwa kuka-Uziya endlwini de kube sekufeni kwakhe, ngenxa yeqhenqa. Emva koloyiso lwakhe eRafiya ngowama-217 BC, ulawulo lukaPtolemy IV Philopator lwadodobala ngenxa yorhwaphilizo, ubugocigoci, nokuxhomekeka kubacebisi abanganyanisekanga. Wafa ngowama-204 BC, kusenokwenzeka ukuba wabulawa okanye watyhefwa ngabalungiseleli bakhe, uSosibius noAgathocles, njengenxalenye yeyelenqe lokuqinisekisa amandla kunyana wakhe omncinane, uPtolemy V. Esi siphelo sixokozelayo sibonakalisa ukungazinzi namayelenqe awayeqhelekile kwiinkundla zobukumkani beHellenistic, siphawula inguqu enkulu ekuqaleni kokwehla kweYiputa yamaPtolemy.

Uphawu lokuzaliseka ngokwasemoyeni kukakumkani wasemazantsi, olwalufuziselwe kukuzaliseka okungokoqobo okwenzeka kumzabalazo wolawulo lwehlabathi emva kokufa kuka-Alesandire, “luvukelo.” IFransi iba ngukumkani wasemazantsi ngokwasemoyeni ngexesha loVukelo lwaseFransi. Ukumkani wale mihla wasemazantsi, iRashiya, wazalwa ngoVukelo lwaseRashiya. Njengokuba ifilosofi eyangeniswa kuVukelo lwaseFransi yakhula ukusuka kwisiphithiphithi soVukelo lwaseFransi yaya kubukomanisi boVukelo lwaseSoviet, olu luphawu lukakumkani wasemazantsi. Ubukomanisi basasazeka ehlabathini ngeenguqulelo.

Kumaxesha anamhlanje i-CIA, ngokusebenzisa amaZiko angekho phantsi koRhulumente, isebenze ukuwisa izizwe ehlabathini lonke, yaye icebo lenyathelo nenyathelo abalisebenzise ngokuphindaphindiweyo lilo elibizwa ngokuba ziinguqu zembala. Ukumkani wasemzantsi ligunya lenamba, yaye neengcinezeli zehlabathi zikwaligunya lenamba, yaye iinguqu zembala ze-CIA ziyimiqondiso yegunya lenamba. Imbali yaseFransi njengokumkani wasemzantsi ngokomoya inembali eyahlukileyo ephawula isiphelo saloo mgca wesiprofeto.

Eso sigqibo simelwe nguNapoleon. Uvukelo lwaseFransi luphawula ukuqala kweFransi njengokumkani wasemzantsi, yaye uNapoleon uphawula ukuphela kwayo. Ababhali-mbali bachaza uthotho lwamanyathelo olakhokelela uNapoleon eWaterloo yakhe, ngaloo ndlela bechaza ukuphela okuqhubekayo kokumkani wokuqala wokomoya wasemzantsi, ngokwahlukileyo koko iBhabheli noBhelishatsare bathinjwa ngobusuku obunye. UVladimir wokuqala wokumkani wale mihla wasemzantsi, uVladimir Lenin, wasweleka kwisithuba seminyaka emibini ngenxa yothotho lokuhlaselwa sisithuthwane sobuchopho. Abanye baqikelela ukuba uJoseph Stalin wamtyhefa, kanye njengoko abanye beqikelela ukuba uPtolemy IV watyhefwa ngabacebisi bakhe. Ukuphela kokumkani wale mihla wasemzantsi njengoko wayemelwe yiSoviet Union nako kwafezekiswa ngovukelo.

Uqhanqalazo eMoscow olwanegalelo ekuphelisweni kwe-USSR yayikukuchasa koluntu okukhulu ngexesha loBhukuqo-mbuso luka-Agasti 1991 (19–21 Agasti 1991). Esi siganeko, esasijoliswe ekukhuseleni i-White House kunye nobunkokeli bukaBoris Yeltsin, sabangela ngokuthe ngqo ukuba abameli bomgca onzima baseSoviet baphazamiseke, satyhila ubuthathaka borhulumente, saze sakhawulezisa ukuwa kwe-USSR. Nangona uqhanqalazo lwangaphambili eMoscow (umz., 1987–1990) kunye neBaltic Way (1989) lwalwakhe umfutho, uqhanqalazo luka-Agasti 1991 lwaba yindawo ebalulekileyo yokujika eMoscow, lwakhokelela ekuchithweni kweSoviet Union ekupheleni kuka-1991. Ukuqala kweRashiya njengokumkani wasemazantsi kuqala kwaye kuphele ngovukelo-mbuso. Ukuphela kwe-USSR kwaba kukudilika okuqhubekekayo kobukumkani, njengoko kwakunjalo ngoPtolemy, u-Uziya, uNapoleon kwanakuVladimir Lenin. Ukuphela kukaPutin kukuwa okuqhubekekayo, okuqala kwakamsinyane nje ukuba imfazwe yase-Ukraine iphele. Isiphelo sakhe siziswa liDabi lasePanium, xa i-USA ithabatha ulawulo lobukumkani, ngoxa ifumana inkxaso kumlingane ongekho ngokwenene edabini.

Siza kuqhubekekisa ezi ngongoma kwinqaku elilandelayo.

Back to Articles