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# Umlando Ofihlekile Wevesi Lamashumi Amane—Inombolo Yesibili

I-United States, i-Patriot Act, kanye neNdlela eya Ekugcwalisekeni Kwesiprofetho

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Jeff Pippenger

Published

September 19, 2024

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Siphethe isihloko sokugcina ngalo musho othi, “Ngo-2001 uhulumeni wase-United States wamemezela i-Patriot Act yaba umthetho.”

> “Baningi, ngisho naphakathi kwalabo ababambe iqhaza kulo mkhankaso wokuphoqelelwa kweSonto, abayiboni kahle imiphumela ezolandela lesi senzo. Ababoni ukuthi bashaya ngqo inkululeko yenkolo. Baningi abangakaze baqonde izimangalo zeSabatha leBhayibheli nesisekelo samanga esimi kuso isikhungo seSonto. Noma yimuphi umzamo ovuna umthetho wezenkolo empeleni uyisenzo sokuvumela ubuPapa, obulokhu iminyaka eminingi bulwa ngokungaphezi nenkululeko kanembeza. Ukugcinwa kweSonto kukweleta ukuba khona kwako njengesikhungo okuthiwa esobuKristu ‘emfihlakalweni yokungalungi;’ futhi ukuphoqelelwa kwako kuyoba ukuvuma, empeleni, lezo zimiso eziyitshe legumbi ngempela loBuRoma. Lapho isizwe sethu sesizidele kanjalo izimiso zombuso waso kangangokuba simise umthetho weSonto, ubuProthestani buyothi ngalesi senzo buhlanganise izandla nobuPapa; lokhu ngeke kube lutho olunye ngaphandle kokunika ukuphila ubushiqela obelunesikhathi eside bubheke ngelukuluku ithuba labo lokuphinde bugxumele embusweni wengcindezelo osebenzayo.” Testimonies, volume 5, 711.

U-1888 wafanekisa u-2001, futhi kwakungaleso sikhathi lapho uMthethosivivinywa kaBlair wethulwa khona, nakuba ukwehluleka kwawo ukuba uphasiswe kwawuvimbela ekukhulumeni ngokwesiprofetho. Waba uphawu luka-66 AD, ukuvinjezelwa okwaqalwa kwase kuhoxiswa ngokuyimfihlakalo. Lapho kuqondakala ukuthi zikhona izikhathi ezimbili zokuvivinywa komfanekiso wesilo, nokuthi isikhathi sesibili siqala ngomthetho weSonto e-United States, ofanekiswe ngonyaka ka-321, nokuthi leso sikhathi siphela lapho umthetho weSonto womhlaba wonke, ofanekiswe ngu-538, usuphoqelelwa ngokuphelele; khona-ke ngokwesiprofetho kudingeka ukuthi ukuqala kwesikhathi sokuqala sokuvivinywa komfanekiso wesilo nakho kuqale ngohlobo oluthile lokufanekiswa komthetho weSonto okhulunywayo. Ngo-1888, uMthethosivivinywa kaBlair wawungumzamo wokuphoqelela umthetho weSonto kazwelonke, futhi u-1888 ukhomba isikhathi lapho ingelosi yeSambulo 18 yehla khona futhi ikhanyisa umhlaba ngenkazimulo yayo.

I-Patriot Act iwukufanekiselwa komthetho weSonto oqala isikhathi sokuvivinywa somfanekiso wesilo e-United States. I-United States ikhuluma njengodrako ekugcwalisekeni kweSambulo isahluko seshumi nantathu, ivesi leshumi nanye, lapho iphoqelela umthetho weSonto. Lapho iphoqelela lowo mthetho, iyakukhuluma njengodrako, futhi lowo mthetho weSonto ubonakalisa ukuthi umfanekiso wesilo usuqedwe ngokuphelele e-United States. Ngaleso sikhathi i-United States seyigcwalise indebe yesikhathi sayo sokuhlolwa, futhi ukuhlubuka kwesizwe kulandelwa ukubhujiswa kwesizwe. Ngaleso sikhathi i-United States iyayeka ukuba ngumbuso wesithupha wesiprofetho seBhayibheli njengoba kusungulwa ubunye obuphindwe kathathu.

U-Alfa no-Omega uhlala uveza ukuphela kanye nesiqalo, futhi ekuqaleni kwe-United States kwaba nezikhathi ezintathu lapho i-United States yakhuluma ngokwesiprofetho, ezaphawula ukuqala kwe-United States njengombuso wesithupha wesiprofetho seBhayibheli. Isimemezelo Sokuzimela sango-1776, salandelwa nguMthethosisekelo wango-1789, kwase kuba i-Alien and Sedition Acts yango-1798, kukhomba izikhathi ezintathu zokuqala lapho i-United States yakhuluma ngokwesiprofetho. Ngamunye kuleyo mibhalo emithathu wawumele ukukhuluma kwe-United States. Lezo zinyathelo ezintathu zaholela ku-1798, ukuqala kokubusa kwe-United States njengombuso wesithupha wesiprofetho seBhayibheli. Lezo zimpawu zesikhathi ezifanayo ekuqaleni kwe-United States zimelela izimpawu zesikhathi ezintathu eziholela esiphethweni sokubusa kwe-United States njengombuso wesithupha wesiprofetho seBhayibheli.

I-Patriot Act iyisikhathi sokuqala kwezintathu lapho i-United States ikhuluma khona njengoba ifinyelela esiphethweni sayo njengombuso wesithupha. Ukukhuluma kwesithathu, okukhomba ukuphela kombuso wesithupha, ngumthetho weSonto. Phakathi nalo mlando kwaqalwa ukuqulwa kwamacala kaPelosi ka-Januwari 6, okwaqala ngo-2022. Lokho kuqulwa kwamacala kwakuwukwenqatshwa okuqondile kwamalungelo aqoshwe kuMthethosisekelo, ngoba ukuqulwa kwamacala kwakungokwezombusazwe ngokwemvelo yako, futhi ukusetshenziswa komthetho njengensimbi yempi kwakungesikho nje kuphela ukuqanjwa kwamaqiniso, kodwa empeleni kwakuwukuhlasela okuqondile komthetho “wenqubo” nowo “mqondo oyisisekelo” njengoba kuhlonzwe ngaphakathi koMthethosisekelo.

UMthetho i-Patriot Act ngo-2001 wawuyihlasela ngokuqondile i-“Due Process Clause” etholakala kokubili ku-Fifth Amendment naku-Fourteenth Amendment yoMthethosisekelo wase-United States. Lezi zinhlinzeko zithi akekho ongancishwa ukuphila, inkululeko, noma impahla ngaphandle kwenqubo yomthetho efanele. Lokho kwakungo-2001, kwathi ngo-2022 ukuhlaselwa koMthethosisekelo kwagxila kokubili ku-“procedural due process” naku-“substantive due process.” Igama elithi “repudiate” lisho ukuphika, futhi uSister White uveza ukuthi ngesikhathi somthetho weSonto e-United States yonke imigomo yoMthethosisekelo iyakuphikwa.

> “Ngomyalo owenza kuphoqeleke ukusungulwa kobupapa ngokwephula umthetho kaNkulunkulu, isizwe sakithi siyozihlukanisa ngokuphelele nokulunga. Lapho ubuProthestani buyokwelulela isandla salo ngaphesheya kwegebe ukuze bubambe isandla sombuso waseRoma, lapho buyokwedlulela ngale kwalasha ukuze buhlanganise izandla nokuthakatha kwemimoya, lapho-ke, ngaphansi kwethonya lwalolu bumbano oluphindwe kathathu, izwe lakithi liyokwenqaba yonke imigomo yoMthethosisekelo walo njengohulumeni wamaProthestani nowerephabhuliki, futhi liyokwenza amalungiselelo okusakazwa kwamanga nobuqili bobupapa, khona-ke siyokwazi ukuthi isikhathi sesifikile sokusebenza okumangalisayo kukaSathane nokuthi ukuphela sekusondele.

> “Njengoba ukusondela kwamabutho amaRoma kwakuyisibonakaliso kubafundi sokubhujiswa okuseduze kweJerusalema, kanjalo nalokhu ukuhlubuka kungaba yisibonakaliso kithi sokuthi umkhawulo wokubekezela kukaNkulunkulu usufinyelelwe, ukuthi isilinganiso sobubi besizwe sakithi sesigcwele, nokuthi ingelosi yomusa isizondiza, ingaphinde ibuye. Khona-ke abantu bakaNkulunkulu bayocwiliswa kulezo zigigaba zokuhlupheka nosizi abaprofethi abakuchazile njengesikhathi sokuhlupheka kukaJakobe. Ukukhala kwabathembekileyo, abashushiswayo, kukhuphukela ezulwini. Futhi njengoba igazi lika-Abela lalikhala lisemhlabathini, kukhona namazwi amemeza kuNkulunkulu evela emathuneni abafel’ ukholo, emangcwabeni olwandle, emihumeni yezintaba, emathuneni ezindela: ‘Koze kube nini, Nkosi, engcwele neyiqiniso, ungahluleli, ungaphindiseli igazi lethu kulabo abahlezi emhlabeni na?’”

> “INkosi yenza umsebenzi wayo. Lonke izulu luyanyakaza. UMahluleli womhlaba wonke usezovuka masinyane avikele igunya lakhe elidelelweyo. Uphawu lokukhululwa luyobekwa phezu kwabantu abagcina imiyalo kaNkulunkulu, abahlonipha umthetho wakhe, futhi abenqaba uphawu lwesilo noma olwomfanekiso waso.

> “UNkulunkulu wembulile okuzakwenzeka ezinsukwini zokugcina, ukuze abantu baKhe balungiselwe ukuma bemelene nesiphepho sokuphikiswa nolaka. Labo abaxwayisiwe ngezehlakalo eziphambi kwabo akumelwe bahlale ngokulindela okuthulile kwesiphepho esizayo, beziduduza ngokuthi iNkosi iyakuvikela abathembekileyo baYo ngosuku lokuhlupheka. Kumele sibe njengabantu abalindele iNkosi yabo, hhayi ngokulindela okuyize, kodwa ngokusebenza ngokuzimisela, nangokholo olungantengantengi. Manje akusiso isikhathi sokuvumela izingqondo zethu zixakeke ngezinto ezingabalulekile kangako. Ngesikhathi abantu belele, uSathane usebenza ngenkuthalo ehlela izinto ukuze abantu beNkosi bangabi nasihawu noma ubulungisa. Umnyakazo weSonto manje wenza indlela yawo ebumnyameni. Abaholi bafihla indaba eyiqiniso, futhi abaningi abahlanganyela kulo mnyakazo nabo uqobo ababoni ukuthi lo mfudlana ongaphansi uqonde ngakuphi. Izimangalo zawo zithambile futhi ngokubonakala zingezobuKristu, kodwa lapho usukhuluma uyokwambula umoya kadrako. Kungumsebenzi wethu ukwenza konke okusemandleni ethu ukuvimba ingozi esongelayo. Kumele sizame ukuqeda ubandlululo ngokuzibeka ekukhanyeni okufanele phambi kwabantu. Kumele sibabeke phambi kwabo umbuzo wangempela ophikisanwayo, ngaleyo ndlela sifake ukuphikisa okuphumelela kakhulu ezinyathelweni zokunciphisa inkululeko kanembeza. Kumele siphenye imiBhalo futhi sikwazi ukunikeza isizathu sokholo lwethu. Kusho umprofethi ukuthi: ‘Ababi bayakwenza okubi: futhi akekho kwababi oyakuqonda; kodwa abahlakaniphileyo bayakuqonda.’ Testimonies, volume 5, 451, 452.”

USister White uhlanganisa umthetho weSonto namamaki endlela amaningana ezinsuku zokugcina, futhi ngokwenza kanjalo amazwi akhe embula “okuyakwenzeka ezinsukwini zokugcina, ukuze abantu baKhe balungiselelwe ukuma bamelane nesiphepho sokuphikiswa nolaka.” Ngakho-ke, amamaki endlela awahlanganisa kulesi siqephu kufanele ahlolisiswe ngokucophelela. Ngiphakamisa ukuthi iphuzu lokubhekisela liyilowo mugqa wesiprofetho ogxile kuMthethosisekelo wase-United States, kanye “nokukhuluma” kwesizwe njengophawu oluhlobene ngokuhlanganyela.

Ngalokho, ngiqonde ukuthi, uMthethosivivinywa wakwaBlair ngo-1888, i-Patriot Act ngo-2001, kanye nokushushiswa kwezombusazwe okwenziwa amaDemocrat namaRepublican angabamhlaba wonke kusukela ngo-2022, ngakunye kwaba ukuphikwa okuqondile kwezingxenye ezimbili ezisemqoka zoMthethosisekelo. U-1888 umelela ukuphoqelelwa kokukhonza ngeSonto, kwase kuthi ngo-2001, kube khona uguquko lusuka emthethweni wamaNgisi luya emthethweni wamaRoma. Ngo-2022, umthetho “ongowengqikithi” kanye “nowenqubo” kwahlaselwa.

Umthetho oyisisekelo uchaza amalungelo nezibopho zabantu ngabanye nezinhlangano, kanti umthetho wenqubo ubeka inqubo yokuxazulula izingxabano nokuphoqelela amalungelo nezibopho zabantu ngabanye nezinhlangano. Umthetho uchaza ukuziphatha okusemthethweni noma okungekho emthethweni futhi ubeka izijeziso zako. Umthetho oyisisekelo uhlanganisa imikhakha eminingi yomthetho, kuhlanganise nowobugebengu, owomphakathi, nowezivumelwano.

Umthetho wobugebengu uyisibonelo esihle kakhulu somthetho ophathekayo. Umthetho wobugebengu uchaza ukuthi yiziphi izenzo ezithathwa njengezobugebengu kanye nezinhlawulo zalezo zenzo zobugebengu. Umthetho womphakathi, nokho, ulawula izingxabano phakathi kwabantu ngabanye nezinhlangano, njengokwephulwa kwenkontileka, ukulimala komuntu siqu, noma izingxabano ngempahla.

Umthetho ophathekayo ngokuvamile ubhalwa emithethweni emisiwe, emithethweni yokulawula, nasemthethweni wamacala. Imithetho emisiwe iyimithetho ephasiswa yizinhlaka zomthetho, njengamaphalamende kazwelonke noma izishayamthetho zezifundazwe, kanti imithetho yokulawula iyimithetho nezinqubo ezenziwa yizinhlaka zokuphatha. Umthetho wamacala uwumthetho amajaji awudalayo ngokuhumusha kwawo imithetho emisiwe, imithetho yokulawula, noMthethosisekelo.

Umthetho wenqubo ubhekisela emithethweni elawula inqubo yezomthetho. Uveza ukuthi amacala aqhubeka kanjani ohlelweni lwezomthetho, kusukela ekufakweni kokuqala kwesimangalo kuze kube yisinqumo sokugcina. Umthetho wenqubo uhlanganisa imikhakha ehlukahlukene yezomthetho, kuhlanganise nezinqubo zomphakathi, zobugebengu, nezokuphatha. Inhloso yomthetho wenqubo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi inqubo yezomthetho ilungile futhi isebenza kahle. Unikeza uhlaka lokuxazulula izingxabano futhi uqinisekisa ukuthi bonke abathintekayo enqubweni yezomthetho, kuhlanganise namajaji, abameli, nabamangali noma abamangalelwa, bayakwazi okulindeleke kubo.

Umthetho obambekayo kanye nomthetho wenqubo kuhloselwe ukusebenza ndawonye ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ubulungiswa buyafezeka. Umthetho obambekayo uchaza amalungelo nezibopho zabantu ngabanye nezinhlangano, kanti umthetho wenqubo ubeka indlela yokuxazulula izingxabano nokuphoqelela lawo malungelo nezibopho. Ngamanye amazwi, umthetho obambekayo uchaza ukuziphatha okusemthethweni noma okungekho emthethweni kanye nemiphumela yokuziphatha okungekho emthethweni, kanti umthetho wenqubo ubeka indlela lezo zindaba zomthetho ezixazululwa ngayo.

Ngo-2001, i-Patriot Act yasusa ilungelo le-habeas corpus. “Habeas corpus” yigama lesiLatini elihunyushwa ngokuthi “uyakuba nomzimba.” Libhekisela esimisweni somthetho esivikela abantu ekuboshweni okungekho emthethweni ngokufuna ukuba inkantolo ihlole ukuba semthethweni kokuboshwa komuntu. I-habeas corpus iyilungelo eliyisisekelo ezinhlelweni eziningi zomthetho, ikakhulukazi lezo ezithonywe umthetho ojwayelekile wesiNgisi. Liqinisekisa ukuthi umuntu angeke agcinwe eboshiwe ngaphandle kwesizathu esifanele futhi limvumela ukuba aphikise ukuba semthethweni kokuboshwa kwakhe phambi kwejaji.

Isigaba esithi “Due Process Clause” sivela kokubili kuSichibiyelo Sesihlanu nakuSichibiyelo Seshumi Nane soMthethosisekelo wase-U.S. Lezi zinquma ukuthi akekho ongaphucwa ukuphila, inkululeko, noma impahla ngaphandle kwenqubo yomthetho efanele. Izinkantolo zisungule amagatsha amabili emfundiso ye-due process: i-procedural due process ne-substantive due process. Ngo-2001, nge-Patriot Act, i-habeas corpus yasuswa njengelungelo, kwase kuthi umthetho wesiNgisi wathathelwa indawo umthetho wamaRoma. Umthetho wesiNgisi uchaza ukuthi umuntu uthathwa njengongenacala kuze kube yilapho kutholakala ukuthi unecala, kanti umthetho wamaRoma uthi umuntu uthathwa njengonecala kuze kube yilapho kutholakala ukuthi akanacala. Ekuqulweni kwamacala kaPelosi ka-2022, kokubili i-procedural due process ne-substantive due process kwanyathelwa ngaphansi kwezinyawo. Kokubili umthetho oyisisekelo nomthetho wenqubo kwasetshenziswa ekuqulweni kwamacala kaPelosi ngokuphambene ngqo nenhloso yakho yomthethosisekelo eyayihlosiwe.

Umehluko phakathi kwenqubo efanele ehlobene nengqikithi yomthetho namalungelo kanye nenqubo efanele ehlobene nokulandelwa kwezinqubo usezingxenyeni ezehlukene zomthetho namalungelo ezivikelwa yile mibono emibili ngaphakathi kohlaka loMthethosisekelo wase-United States, ikakhulukazi ngaphansi kwezigatshana ze-Due Process zeSichibiyelo Sesihlanu neseSeshumi nane.

Inqubo efanele ephathelene nengqikithi yomthetho imayelana namalungelo nenkululeko eziyisisekelo uhulumeni angeke aziphule, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kusetshenziswe yiphi inqubo. Ivikela amalungelo athile ekugxambukeleni kukahulumeni ngisho noma izinqubo ezifanele zilandelwe. Inqubo efanele ephathelene nengqikithi yomthetho ihlanganisa amalungelo athathwa njengayisisekelo, njengelungelo lobumfihlo, ilungelo lokushada, nelungelo lokukhulisa abantwana bomuntu. Lawa malungelo avikelwa ekungeneleni kukahulumeni ngaphandle uma kukhona intshisekelo yombuso ephoqelela kakhulu. Isebenza njengendlela yokubeka imingcele emandleni kahulumeni, iqinisekisa ukuthi imithetho nemithethonqubo akwephuli izinkululeko eziyisisekelo.

Inqubo efanele yomthetho igxile ezinqubweni okumele uhulumeni azilandele ngaphambi kokuncisha umuntu ukuphila, inkululeko, noma impahla. Iqinisekisa ukuthi abantu bathola ukuphathwa okulungile nokungakhethi ngokusebenzisa izinqubo zomthetho ezifanele. Inqubo efanele yomthetho idinga ukuba uhulumeni alandele izinyathelo noma izinqubo ezithile, njengokunikeza isaziso, ukulalelwa ngokulunga, kanye nethuba lokuzwakalisa uhlangothi lwabo, ngaphambi kokuncisha umuntu amalungelo akhe. Igcizelela izindlela imithetho esetshenziswa ngazo, iqinisekisa ukuthi uhulumeni wenza ngendlela enobulungisa nelungile.

Ukusetshenziswa komthetho njengesikhali okuye kwabonakala kusukela kwaqala amaCala kaPelosi kumelela ukuphikwa kokubili kwenqubo efanele ngokwezinto eziqukethwe yicala kanye nenqubo efanele ngokomthetho. Amalungelo ayisisekelo ezakhamuzi zaseMelika aphikwe ngokusobala nangempumelelo. Imisebenzi yamanga yokukhohlisa kanye nenkohlakalo esobala yezinhlaka zikahulumeni zase-United States ezaziwa ngezifinyezo zezinhlamvu ibisivezwe kaningi kusukela nangaphambi kokuba kuqale amaCala kaPelosi, kodwa izinqubo zomthetho ezisetshenziswe ngabahwebi bomhlaba wonke bamaqembu womabili kusukela kwaqala amaCala kaPelosi ziveza ngokucacile ukubhujiswa kwenqubo efanele ngokomthetho.

Ekuqaleni kwalesi sihloko sifunde, “Noma yiluphi uhlelo oluvuna umthetho wezenkolo empeleni luyisenzo sokuvuma upapa, lona oseke walwa ngokuqhubekayo isikhathi eside kangaka nenkululeko kanembeza. Ukugcinwa kweSonto kubangelwa ukuba khona kwalo njengesikhungo okuthiwa singesobuKristu ‘ngenxa yemfihlakalo yokungalungi;’ futhi ukuphoqelelwa kwalo kuyoba ukuvunywa ngokoqobo kwezimiso eziyisisekelo uqobo lweRoma. Lapho isizwe sakithi siyobe sesiwalahla ngaleyo ndlela izimiso zikahulumeni waso size simise umthetho weSonto, ubuProthestani buyokwelula isandla kulo msebenzi buhlangane nobuPopi; lokhu kuyobe kungelutho olunye ngaphandle kokunika ukuphila ubusha kulobo bushiqela obulokhu isikhathi eside bubheke ngamehlo abomvu ithuba labo lokuphinde bugxumele embusweni wobudlova osebenzayo.”

Ohlangothini lomlando olungamelwa nguMthethosisekelo wase-United States kunezimpawu zendlela ezintathu eziqondile ezimele isici esithile soMthethosisekelo kokubili ekuqaleni nasekupheleni kwe-United States. Ngayinye yalezo zimpawu zendlela ezintathu iyizenzo zezombusazwe, ngakho-ke zifanekisela ukukhuluma kwe-United States. Eyesithathu kulezo zimpawu zendlela ezintathu ekuqaleni, eyaphawula u-1798, kwakuyiMithetho ye-Alien and Sedition, kanti eyesithathu kulezo zimpawu zendlela ekupheleni yilapho i-United States iphoqelela umthetho weSonto, futhi ikhulume njengodrako ekugcwalisekeni kwesAmbulo isahluko seshumi nantathu, ivesi leshumi nanye.

Umlando wokuprofetha wase-United States uqala lapho, njengoba imelelwe ngumhlaba, wavula umlomo wawo wagwinya uzamcolo wokushushisa kadrako.

> Inyoka yase ikhipha emlonyeni wayo amanzi anjengesikhukhula ilandela owesifazane, ukuze imenze athathwe yisikhukhula. Umhlaba wasiza owesifazane, umhlaba wavula umlomo wawo, wasiginya isikhukhula udrako ayesikhiphe emlonyeni wakhe. IsAmbulo 12:15, 16.

Ngo-1776, isilo esasizakuvela emhlabeni, futhi ekugcineni sibe umbuso wesithupha wesiprofetho seBhayibheli ngo-1798, sagwinya uzamcolo wokushushisa ngokumelene nabantu bakaNkulunkulu ngokusungula isizwe esinomThethosisekelo owaphikisana nabacindezeli bobukhosi baseYurophu kanye nabacindezeli besonto lobupapa.

Isimemezelo Sokuzimela sango-1776 sasimelela kusengaphambili uMthetho Wezobuzwe ka-2001. UMthethosisekelo wango-1789 wawumelela kusengaphambili iziNqumo zikaPelosi eziqala ngo-2022. IMithetho Yabafokazi Neyokuvukela ka-1798 yayimelela kusengaphambili umthetho weSonto e-United States.

Isimemezelo sokuzimela esakhishwa ngabashisekeli bezwe baseMelika ngo-1776 sasimelela ukumemezelwa kokulahleka kokuzimela nge-Patriot Act ka-2001. UMthethosisekelo ka-1789 wawumele ama-Pelosi Trials aqala ngo-2022. I-Alien and Sedition Acts imelela umthetho weSonto. Umlando wokwenqatshwa kwazo zonke izimiso zoMthethosisekelo umelela ukuchithwa koMthethosisekelo okuqhubekayo, okuphetha ngomthetho weSonto.

Le migqa yonke iyavumelana emlandweni ofihlekile wevesi lamashumi amane lesahluko seshumi nanye sikaDaniyeli. Kulesi sihloko sicaphune izigaba ezine ezivela ku-Testimonies, umqulu 5, 451, 452.

Sizohlolisisa ngokusondeza lezo zigaba esihlokweni esilandelayo.

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