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# The Book of Daniel - Number One-Hundred and Seventy-Nine

Incwadi kaDaniyeli — Inombolo Ikhulu Namashumi Ayisikhombisa Nesishiyagalolunye

The Midnight Cry and Rome’s Prophetic Role: Unveiling the Last Days in the Book of Daniel

Ukukhala Kaphakathi Kwamabili kanye Nendima Engokwesiprofetho yaseRoma: Ukwembulwa Kwezinsuku Zokugcina Encwadini kaDaniyeli

Author

Jeff Pippenger

Published

April 9, 2024

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We are now on sacred ground, in terms of the book of Daniel, for we have arrived at the verses which represent the Midnight Cry for the one hundred and forty-four thousand. The verses also identify the sealing of the ensign who are lifted up. These are the verses that are the portion from the book of Daniel that relates to the last days that is unsealed, and represent Daniel’s expression of the Revelation of Jesus Christ that is unsealed when the “time is at hand,” just before probation closes in verse sixteen.

Manje sesisemhlabathini esingcwele, maqondana nencwadi kaDaniyeli, ngokuba sesifikile emavesini amelela uKhalelo Lwaphakathi Kwamabili lwabayizinkulungwane eziyikhulu namashumi amane nane. La mavesi futhi abonisa ukubekwa uphawu kwalabo abayisibonakaliso abaphakanyiswayo. Lawa ngamavesi ayingxenye yencwadi kaDaniyeli ephathelene nezinsuku zokugcina eye yambulwa, futhi amelela inkulumo kaDaniyeli yeSambulo sikaJesu Kristu esambulwayo lapho “isikhathi sesisondele,” ngaphambi nje kokuba umusa uvalwe evesini leshumi nesithupha.

It is Rome that establishes the vision, as represented in verse fourteen of chapter eleven, and it is therefore important to look closely at Rome as we navigate through verses eleven through fifteen, for where there is “no vision, the people perish,” and if you will not believe Isaiah chapter seven, verses eight and nine, “surely you will not be established.”

YiRoma eyamisa umbono, njengoba kumelwe ivesi leshumi nane lesahluko seshumi nanye, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukubhekisisa iRoma njengoba siqhubeka emavesini eshumi nanye kuya kweleshumi nanhlanu, ngoba lapho “kungekho umbono, abantu bayabhubha,” futhi uma ningeke nikholwe u-Isaya isahluko sesikhombisa, amavesi esishiyagalombili nelesishiyagalolunye, “impela aniyikumiswa.”

Uriah Smith references a prophetic rule at least four times in his book, Daniel and the Revelation. That rule identifies that a prophetic power is not identified in prophecy until it becomes “connected” with the people of God. The first reference he addresses it is in connection with the introduction of Babylon into the prophetic testimony.

Uriah Smith ubhekisela emthethweni wesiprofetho okungenani izikhathi ezine encwadini yakhe ethi, Daniel and the Revelation. Lowo mthetho ubonisa ukuthi amandla esiprofetho awakhonjwa esiprofethweni aze “axhumane” nabantu bakaNkulunkulu. Ukuqala kokuwubhekisa kwakhe kulokho ukwenzela ekuxhumaneni nokwethulwa kweBhabhiloni ebufakazini besiprofetho.

> “It is a manifest rule of interpretation that we may look for nations to be noticed in prophecy when they become so far connected with the people of God that mention of them becomes necessary to make the records of sacred history complete.” Uriah Smith, Daniel and the Revelation, 46.

> “Kungumthetho osobala wokuhumusha ukuthi singalindela ukuthi izizwe ziqashelwe esiprofethweni lapho sezixhumene kangangokuba nabantu bakaNkulunkulu, kuze kube ukuthi ukuzibalula kuba yisidingo ukuze imibhalo yomlando ongcwele igcwale.” Uriah Smith, Daniel and the Revelation, 46.

At least three other times, Smith addresses the rule, and he points to the “league” of the Jews in each of the three, but in one reference he identifies the league as being fulfilled in 162 BC, but the other two references are in agreement with the modern historians, who identify the fulfillment of the “league” of the Jews and Rome as 161 BC.

Okungenani kwezinye izikhathi ezintathu, uSmith ukhuluma ngalo mthetho, futhi ubhekisela “esivumelwaneni” samaJuda kokunye nokunye kwalokho kuthathu, kodwa kwenye inkomba usho ukuthi leso sivumelwano sagcwaliseka ngo-162 BC, kanti ezinye izinkomba ezimbili ziyavumelana nezazi-mlando zesimanje, ezikhomba ukugcwaliseka “kwesivumelwano” samaJuda neRoma njengango-161 BC.

> “It is unnecessary to remind the reader that earthly governments are not introduced into prophecy till they become in some way connected with the people of God. Rome became connected with the Jews, the people of God at that time, by the famous Jewish League, BC 161. 1 Maccabees 8; Josephus’s Antiquities, book 12, chapter 10, section 6; Prideaux, Vol. II, page 166. But seven years before this, that is, in BC 168, Rome had conquered Macedonia, and made that country a part of its empire. Rome is therefore introduced into prophecy just as, from the conquered Macedonian horn of the goat, it is going forth to new conquests in other directions. It therefore appeared to the prophet, or may be properly spoken of in this prophecy, as coming forth from one of the horns of the goat.” Uriah Smith, Daniel and the Revelation, 175.

> “Akudingekile ukukhumbuza umfundi ukuthi imibuso yasemhlabeni ayingeniswa esiprofethweni kuze kube yilapho ngandlela-thile ihlangana nabantu bakaNkulunkulu. IRoma yahlangana namaJuda, abantu bakaNkulunkulu ngaleso sikhathi, ngesivumelwano esidumile samaJuda, ngo-161 BC. 1 Maccabees 8; Antiquities kaJosephus, incwadi 12, isahluko 10, isigaba 6; Prideaux, Vol. II, ikhasi 166. Kodwa eminyakeni eyisikhombisa ngaphambi kwalokhu, okungukuthi, ngo-168 BC, iRoma yayinqobile iMakedoniya, yenza lelo zwe laba yingxenye yombuso wayo. Ngakho-ke iRoma ingeniswa esiprofethweni kanye nje lapho, isuka ophondweni lweMakedoniya lwembuzi olwalunqotshiwe, iphuma iya ekunqobeni okusha kwezinye izindawo. Ngalokho yabonakala kumprofethi, noma ingakhulunywa ngokufaneleyo kulesi siprofetho, njengophuma kolunye lwezimpondo zembuzi.” Uriah Smith, Daniel and the Revelation, 175.

But Smith also states that it was 162 BC.

Kodwa uSmith futhi uthi kwakungo-162 BC.

> “The same power was also to stand in the Holy Land, and consume it. Rome became connected with the people of God, the Jews, by alliance, BC 162, from which date it holds a prominent place in the prophetic calendar. It did not, however, acquire jurisdiction over Judea by actual conquest till BC 63; and then in the following manner.” Uriah Smith, Daniel and the Revelation, 259.

> “Lawo mandla afanayo kwakufanele futhi ame eZweni Elingcwele, alidle. IRoma yaxhumana nabantu bakaNkulunkulu, amaJuda, ngesivumelwano, ngo-162 BC, kusukela kulolo suku yaba nendawo evelele ekhalendeni lesiprofetho. Nokho, ayizange ithole igunya phezu kweJudiya ngokunqoba kwangempela kwaze kwaba ngu-63 BC; kwase kwenzeka kanje ngendlela elandelayo.” Uriah Smith, Daniel and the Revelation, 259.

And then the third time he references the event, he again says 161 BC.

Kwathi-ke okwesithathu lapho ebhekisela kuleso sehlakalo, waphinde wathi 161 BC.

> “Having taken us down through the secular events of the empire to the end of the seventy weeks, the prophet, in verse 23, takes us back to the time when the Romans became directly connected with the people of God by the Jewish league, BC 161: from which point we are then taken down in a direct line of events to the final triumph of the church, and the setting up of God’s everlasting kingdom. The Jews, being grievously oppressed by the Syrian kings, sent an embassy to Rome, to solicit the aid of the Romans, and to join themselves in ‘a league of amity and confederacy with them.’ 1 Maccabees 8; Prideaux, II, 234; Josephus’s Antiquities, book 12, chapter 10, section 6. The Romans listened to the request of the Jews, and granted them a decree, couched in these words:—

> “Sesedlulise phakathi kwezehlakalo zomhlaba zombuso kwaze kwaba sekupheleni kwamasonto angamashumi ayisikhombisa, umprofethi, evesini 23, usibuyisela emuva esikhathini lapho amaRoma aqala khona ukuxhumana ngokuqondile nabantu bakaNkulunkulu ngesivumelwano samaJuda, ngo-161 BC; kusukela lapho-ke sesiholwe ngomugqa oqondile wezenzakalo kuze kube ukunqoba kokugcina kwebandla, nokumiswa kombuso kaNkulunkulu ongowaphakade. AmaJuda, ecindezelwe kabuhlungu ngamakhosi aseSiriya, athumela izithunywa eRoma ukuba acele usizo lwamaRoma, nokuzihlanganisa nawo ‘ngesivumelwano sobungane nenhlangano yomfelandawonye nawo.’ 1 Maccabees 8; Prideaux, II, 234; Josephus’s Antiquities, incwadi 12, isahluko 10, isigaba 6. AmaRoma asalalela isicelo samaJuda, awanika umyalo, obhalwe ngala mazwi:—

> “‘The decree of the senate concerning a league of assistance and friendship with the nation of the Jews. It shall not be lawful for any that are subject to the Romans, to make war with the nation of the Jews, nor to assist those that do so, either by sending them corn, or ships, or money; and if any attack be made upon the Jews, the Romans shall assist them as far as they are able; and again, if any attack be made upon the Romans, the Jews shall assist them. And if the Jews have a mind to add to, or to take from, this league of assistance, that shall be done with the common consent of the Romans. And whatever addition shall thus be made, it shall be of force.’ ‘This decree,’ says Josephus, ‘was written by Eupolemus, the son of John, and by Jason, the son of Eleazer, when Judas was high priest of the nation, and Simon, his brother, was general of the army. And this was the first league that the Romans made with the Jews, and was managed after this manner.’” Uriah Smith, Daniel and the Revelation, 271.

> “‘Isimemezelo sesigungu senate mayelana nesivumelwano sosizo nobungane nesizwe samaJuda. Akuyikuba semthethweni kunoma ubani ongaphansi kwamaRoma ukuba alwe nesizwe samaJuda, noma ukusiza labo abenza kanjalo, kungaba ngokubathumela ukudla okusanhlamvu, noma imikhumbi, noma imali; futhi uma kuhlaselwa amaJuda, amaRoma ayobasiza ngangokunokwenzeka; futhi futhi, uma kuhlaselwa amaRoma, amaJuda ayobasiza. Futhi uma amaJuda efisa ukwengeza kulesi sivumelwano sosizo, noma ukususa okuthile kuso, lokho kuyokwenziwa ngemvume efanayo yamaRoma. Futhi noma yikuphi ukwengezwa okuyokwenziwa ngaleyo ndlela, kuyoba namandla asemthethweni.’ ‘Lesi simemezelo,’ kusho uJosephus, ‘sabhalwa ngu-Eupolemus, indodana kaJohane, nangoJason, indodana ka-Eleazer, ngesikhathi uJuda engumphristi omkhulu wesizwe, noSimoni, umfowabo, engumphathi wempi. Futhi lesi kwakuyisivumelwano sokuqala amaRoma asenza namaJuda, futhi salungiswa ngale ndlela.’” Uriah Smith, Daniel and the Revelation, 271.

It is not my burden to explain why Smith cited 162 BC, other than my assumption it was a typo. My point is in referencing the emphasis he places upon what he identifies as “a manifest rule of interpretation that we may look for nations to be noticed in prophecy when they become so far connected with the people of God that mention of them becomes necessary to make the records of sacred history complete.” When Smith emphasizes that rule, he identifies that Rome became connected with the people of God at the “league,” of verse twenty-three in 161 BC, but Smith identifies that Rome is first introduced into the prophetic narrative in 200 BC, thirty-nine years before 161 BC.

Akusiwona umthwalo wami ukuchaza ukuthi kungani uSmith ecaphune u-162 BC, ngaphandle kokucabanga kwami ukuthi kwakuyiphutha lokubhala. Iphuzu lami likukubhekisela ekugcizeleleni akubeka kulokho akubiza ngokuthi “umthetho osobala wokuhumusha wokuthi singalindela ukuba izizwe ziqashelwe esiprofethweni lapho sezixhumene kangaka nabantu bakaNkulunkulu kangangokuthi ukukhulunywa ngazo kuba ngesidingo ukuze amarekhodi omlando ongcwele aphelele.” Lapho uSmith egcizelela lowo mthetho, ukhomba ukuthi iRoma yaxhumana nabantu bakaNkulunkulu “esivumelwaneni,” sevesi lamashumi amabili nantathu ngo-161 BC, kodwa uSmith ukhomba ukuthi iRoma yethulwa okokuqala endabeni yesiprofetho ngo-200 BC, eminyakeni engamashumi amathathu nesishiyagalolunye ngaphambi kuka-161 BC.

> “A new power is now introduced,—‘the robbers of thy people;’ literally, says Bishop Newton, ‘the breakers of thy people.’ Far away on the banks of the Tiber, a kingdom had been nourishing itself with ambitious projects and dark designs. Small and weak at first, it grew with marvelous rapidity in strength and vigor, reaching out cautiously here and there to try its prowess, and test the vigor of its warlike arm, till, conscious of its power, it boldly reared its head among the nations of the earth, and seized with invincible hand the helm of their affairs. Henceforth the name of Rome stands upon the historic page, destined for long ages to control the affairs of the world, and exert a mighty influence among the nations even to the end of time.

> “Sekwethulwa manje amandla amasha,—‘abaphangi babantu bakho;’ ngokwezwi nezwi, kusho uMbhishobhi Newton, ‘ababhidlizi babantu bakho.’ Kude le emabhange eTiber, umbuso othile wawuzondla ngemiklamo yokufuna ukubusa nangezinjongo ezimnyama. Uqale umncane futhi ubuthakathaka, kodwa wakhula ngesivinini esimangalisayo emandleni nasekuqiniseni, welula ngokucophelela lapha nalaphaya ukuze uzame ubuqhawe bawo, futhi uvivinye amandla engalo yawo yempi, kwaze kwaba yilapho, usuqaphele amandla awo, uphakamisa ikhanda lawo ngesibindi phakathi kwezizwe zomhlaba, futhi wathatha ngesandla esinganqotshwa umhlahlandlela wezindaba zazo. Kusukela lapho igama laseRoma limi ekhasini lomlando, limiselwe ukuba eminyakeni emide lilawule izindaba zomhlaba, futhi libe nethonya elinamandla phakathi kwezizwe kuze kube sekupheleni kwesikhathi.

> “Rome spoke; and Syria and Macedonia soon found a change coming over the aspect of their dream. The Romans interfered in behalf of the young king of Egypt, determined that he should be protected from the ruin devised by Antiochus and Philip. This was BC 200, and was one of the first important interferences of the Romans in the affairs of Syria and Egypt.” Uriah Smith, Daniel and the Revelation, 256.

> “IRoma yakhuluma; futhi iSiriya neMakedoniya ngokushesha zathola uguquko luza phezu kwesimo sephupho lazo. AmaRoma angenelela ngenxa yenkosi esencane yaseGibhithe, ezimisele ukuthi ivikelwe ekubhujisweni okwakuhlelwe ngu-Antiochus noPhilip. Lokhu kwakungunyaka ka-200 BC, futhi kwakungokunye kokungenela kokuqala okubalulekile kwamaRoma ezindabeni zaseSiriya naseGibhithe.” Uriah Smith, Daniel and the Revelation, 256.

Rome is first introduced into the prophetic narrative in the year 200 BC, and that introduction in verse fourteen, is the most significant reference of Rome in all of Daniel, for it is the very verse that defines Rome as the symbol that establishes the vision. Why Smith could emphasize such a rule of prophecy, then cite 161 BC, while also identifying the year 200 BC, as the point where the power of Rome was “introduced,” is not a problem I wish to resolve. If I have a question that needs to be resolved, it would be whether the rule as defined by Smith is valid or not. If it is valid, then I would argue that verse fourteen, must have a connection with the Jews, that occurred before the league of 161 BC.

IRoma yaqala ukwethulwa endabeni yesiprofetho ngonyaka ka-200 BC, futhi lokho kwethulwa evesini leshumi nane kuyinkomba ebaluleke kakhulu ngeRoma kuyo yonke incwadi kaDaniyeli, ngoba yilo kanye ivesi elichaza iRoma njengophawu olumisa umbono. Ukuthi kungani uSmith wayengagcizelela umthetho onjalo wesiprofetho, abe esecaphuna u-161 BC, ngesikhathi esifanayo ehlonza unyaka ka-200 BC njengendawo lapho amandla eRoma “ethulwa” khona, akusiyo inkinga engifisa ukuyixazulula. Uma nginombuzo odinga ukuxazululwa, kungaba ngowokuthi ingabe umthetho njengoba uchazwe nguSmith usemthethweni noma cha. Uma usemthethweni, khona-ke ngingaphikisa ngokuthi ivesi leshumi nane kumele libe nokuxhumana namaJuda, okwenzeka ngaphambi kwesivumelwano sango-161 BC.

I understand that the history of verses thirteen to fifteen, are identifying a history in the last days when papal Rome intrudes herself into prophetic history, and she does so in connection with the United States, who are God’s people in that history. Because Jesus always illustrates the end with the beginning, the year 200 BC, when pagan Rome came into history, must have a connection with people of God in that history. Therefore, I agree with Smith’s rule, even if he found no direct connection between Rome and the Jews in the year 200 BC.

Ngiyaqonda ukuthi umlando wamavesi eshumi nantathu kuya kweleshumi nanhlanu uveza umlando wezinsuku zokugcina lapho iRoma yobupapa izingenisa khona emlandweni wesiprofetho, futhi ikwenza lokho ihlobene ne-United States, abangabantu bakaNkulunkulu kulowo mlando. Ngoba uJesu njalo ufanekisa ukuphela ngesiqalo, unyaka ka-200 BC, lapho iRoma yobuqaba yangena emlandweni, kufanele ube nokuxhumana nabantu bakaNkulunkulu kulowo mlando. Ngakho-ke, ngiyavumelana nomthetho kaSmith, noma engenzanga ukuthola ukuxhumana okuqondile phakathi kweRoma namaJuda ngonyaka ka-200 BC.

Verses eleven and twelve, identify the victory and aftermath of the Battle of Raphia, which occurred in 217 BC, between the Seleucid Empire, led by Antiochus III Magnus, or “The Great”, and the Ptolemaic Kingdom of Egypt, led by King Ptolemy IV Philopator. This battle occurred during the struggle for control over Coele-Syria (southern Syria) and southern Palestine, territories contested between the Ptolemaic and Seleucid kingdoms. Ptolemy IV Philopator’s victory at Raphia allowed him to maintain control over Coele-Syria and southern Palestine for a time.

Amavesi eshumi nanye neshumi nambili abonisa ukunqoba nemiphumela eyalandela iMpi yaseRaphia, eyenzeka ngonyaka ka-217 BC, phakathi koMbuso wamaSeleucid, owawuholwa u-Antiochus III Magnus, noma “Omkhulu”, noMbuso waseGibhithe wamaPtolemy, owawuholwa iNkosi uPtolemy IV Philopator. Le mpi yenzeka ngesikhathi somzabalazo wokulawula iCoele-Syria (iSiriya eseningizimu) nePalestina eseningizimu, izindawo ezaziphikiswa phakathi kwemibuso yamaPtolemy neyamaSeleucid. Ukunqoba kukaPtolemy IV Philopator eRaphia kwamvumela ukuba agcine ukulawula iCoele-Syria nePalestina eseningizimu okwesikhathi esithile.

The Battle of Panium, which occurred seventeen years later in 200 BC, also known as the Battle of Mount Panium or the Battle of Paneas, was between the Seleucid Empire, led by King Antiochus III, and the Ptolemaic Kingdom of Egypt, led by King Ptolemy V.

Impi yasePanium, eyenzeka eminyakeni eyishumi nesikhombisa kamuva, ngonyaka ka-200 BC, eyaziwa futhi ngokuthi Impi yaseNtabeni iPanium noma Impi yasePaneas, yayiphakathi koMbuso wamaSeleucid, oholwa yiNkosi u-Antiochus III, noMbuso wamaPtolemy waseGibhithe, oholwa yiNkosi u-Ptolemy V.

Thirty-one years later, in 167 BC, the Maccabean Revolt, a Jewish rebellion against the Seleucid Empire’s attempts to suppress Jewish religious practices and impose Hellenistic culture, began in the town of Modein, a small town located in the region of Judea, in what is now modern-day Israel.

Eminyakeni engamashumi amathathu nanye kamuva, ngo-167 BC, kwaqala Ukuvukela KwamaMakkabi, ukuvukela kwamaJuda okumelene nemizamo yoMbuso wamaSeleukusi yokucindezela imikhuba yenkolo yamaJuda nokuphoqelela isiko lamaHeleni, edolobheni laseModein, idolobhana elincane elisesifundeni saseJudiya, endaweni manje eyaziwa ngokuthi i-Israyeli yanamuhla.

The event in question involved the infamous Greek Seleucid ruler, Antiochus IV Epiphanes, who had imposed strict Hellenistic practices on the Jewish population, including the prohibition of Jewish religious observances and the desecration of the Temple in Jerusalem. In an effort to enforce his decrees, Antiochus sent representatives to various towns and villages to compel the Jewish inhabitants to comply with his orders.

Isenzakalo okukhulunywa ngaso sathinta umbusi wamaSeleukusi waseGrisi owaduma kabi, u-Antiochus IV Epiphanes, owayebeke imikhuba eqinile yobuGreki obuyiHellenistic phezu kwabantu bamaJuda, kuhlanganisa nokwenqatshelwa kwemikhosi yenkolo yamaJuda kanye nokungcoliswa kweThempeli laseJerusalema. Ngomzamo wokuphoqelela izimemezelo zakhe, u-Antiochus wathumela abameleli emadolobheni nasezigodini ezihlukahlukene ukuze baphoqe izakhamuzi zamaJuda ukuba zilalele imiyalo yakhe.

In Modein, one of the Seleucid officials arrived to enforce the king’s decree by commanding the Jewish inhabitants to participate in pagan rituals and make offerings to Greek gods. An elderly Jewish priest named Mattathias refused to comply with the order and killed both a Jew who stepped forward to offer the sacrifice and the Seleucid official. This act of defiance by Mattathias and his family marked the beginning of the Maccabean Revolt against Seleucid rule.

EModeyini, kwafika omunye wezikhulu zamaSeleucid ezothobela umyalo wenkosi ngokuyala izakhamuzi zamaJuda ukuba zihlanganyele emikhosini yobuhedeni futhi zenzele onkulunkulu bamaGreki iminikelo. Umpristi ongumJuda osekhulile ogama lakhe linguMatathiya wenqaba ukulalela lowo myalo, wabulala kokubili umJuda owaphumela obala ukuba anikele ngomhlatshelo kanye nesikhulu samaSeleucid. Lesi senzo sokungadeleli esenziwa uMatathiya nomndeni wakhe saphawula ukuqala koVukelo lwamaMakhabhi ngokumelene nokubusa kwamaSeleucid.

Mattathias and his five sons, including Judas Maccabee, fled to the hills and began a guerrilla war against the Seleucid forces. The revolt eventually grew in strength and support, leading to a series of military victories against the Seleucids.

UMathathiya namadodana bakhe abahlanu, kuhlanganisa noJuda Makkabi, babalekela ezintabeni baqala impi yabashokobezi yokulwa namabutho amaSeleukusi. Ukuvukela kwabo kwagcina kukhula ngamandla nangokwesekwa, kwaholela ochungechungeni lokunqoba kwezempi ngokumelene namaSeleukusi.

The events at Modein in 167 BC, were a pivotal moment in Jewish history, marking the beginning of the Maccabean Revolt and the struggle for religious freedom and independence against foreign rule. The rededication of the second temple in Jerusalem, which marks the historical event celebrated during Hanukkah, occurred in 164 BC, three years before the “league” of verse twenty-three.

Izehlakalo zaseModein ngo-167 BC zaba yisikhathi esinqumayo emlandweni wamaJuda, zaphawula ukuqala koVukelo lwamaMaccabee kanye nomzabalazo wenkululeko yenkolo nokuzimela ngokumelene nokubuswa ngabezizwe. Ukungcweliswa kabusha kwethempeli lesibili eJerusalema, okuphawula isigameko somlando esigujwa ngesikhathi seHanukkah, kwenzeka ngo-164 BC, eminyakeni emithathu ngaphambi “kwesivumelwano” sevesi lamashumi amabili nantathu.

After reclaiming Jerusalem and the Temple, the Maccabees cleansed the Temple of the pagan defilements and restored it to its proper religious use. According to tradition, they found only a single cruse of consecrated oil, enough to light the menorah for only one day. Actually, no contemporary historical witness of that event exists, and it was not until the sixth century that the Jewish fable is found in literature. Sister White compares the apostate Jewish church with the Catholic church, especially emphasizing that both churches base the religion upon human customs and traditions. As with the many various fabricated miracles within the history of the papal Church, the fable of the one days oil lasting for eight days has no historical witness.

Ngemva kokuphinde beyinqoba iJerusalema neThempeli, amaMaccabee alihlanza iThempeli ekungcolisweni kobuqaba futhi alibuyisela ekusetshenzisweni kwalo okufanele ngokwenkolo. Ngokwesiko, bathola imbiza eyodwa kuphela yamafutha angcwelisiwe, eyayanele ukukhanyisa i-menorah usuku olulodwa kuphela. Eqinisweni, akukho bufakazi bomlando besikhathi salowo mcimbi obukhona, futhi kwaze kwaba ngekhulu lesithupha lapho inganekwane yamaJuda itholakala khona emibhalweni. UDade White uqhathanisa ibandla lamaJuda elahlubukayo nebandla lamaKatolika, egcizelela ngokukhethekile ukuthi womabili la mabandla asekela inkolo emasikweni nasezintweni ezamukelwe ngabantu. Njengoba kunjalo ngezimangaliso eziningi ezehlukene eziqanjiwe emlandweni webandla lobupapa, nenganekwane yamafutha osuku olulodwa athatha izinsuku eziyisishiyagalombili ayinabo ubufakazi bomlando.

Verse ten, of Daniel chapter eleven, identifies the first battle of the three battles of verse forty, which I have previously identified as three battles of a cold war, as well as, three proxy wars. A sister questioned my defining the Ukrainian War, which is the second of these three wars as cold wars, for as she correctly pointed out there has been abundant death and destruction. What I have been defining in previous articles as the three battles of the “cold war”, was defined in those terms to draw a distinction between these three battles and the three World Wars that occur during the history of the earth beast of Revelation thirteen. These three wars are proxy wars and have also been defined that way.

Ivesi yeshumi, kaDaniyeli isahluko seshumi nanye, ikhomba impi yokuqala kweziyimpi ezintathu zevesi yamashumi amane, engike ngayikhomba ngaphambilini njengeziyimpi ezintathu zempi ebandayo, kanjalo futhi njengeziyimpi ezintathu ezilwelwa ngabamele abanye. Udade othile wangibuza ngokuchaza kwami Impi yase-Ukraine, okuyimpi yesibili kulezi zimpi ezintathu, njengeyempi ebandayo, ngoba, njengoba aphawula ngokunembile, kube khona ukufa okuningi nokubhujiswa okukhulu. Lokho engike ngakuchaza ezihlokweni zangaphambilini njengeziyimpi ezintathu “zempi ebandayo”, kwakuchazwe ngaleyo migomo ukuze kudwetshwe umehluko phakathi kwalezi zimpi ezintathu neziMpi Zomhlaba ezintathu ezenzeka phakathi nomlando wesilo somhlaba seSambulo ishumi nantathu. Lezi zimpi ezintathu ziyizimpi ezilwelwa ngabamele abanye, futhi ziye zachazwa nangaleyo ndlela.

I intend to identify those three battles as “the three battles of verse forty” or proxy wars, from this point onward in these articles, to remove the discrepancy of identifying a hot war as a cold war. By my definition, the three battles of verse forty, do not include the battle of 1798, which is part of verse forty, but only the three battles from the time of the end in 1989 unto the Sunday law of verse forty-one. The three battles are more correctly identified as proxy wars, that are accomplished within the context of the warfare between the king of the north and the king of the south, which in the history of verse forty, represent the warfare between Catholicism (the king of the north) and Communism (the king of the south).

Ngihlose ukukhomba lezo zimpi ezintathu ngokuthi “izimpi ezintathu zevesi lamashumi amane” noma izimpi zommeli, kusukela manje kuqhubeke kulezi zihloko, ukuze kususwe ukungahambisani kokubiza impi eshisayo ngokuthi impi ebandayo. Ngokuchaza kwami, izimpi ezintathu zevesi lamashumi amane azifaki impi ka-1798, nakuba iyingxenye yevesi lamashumi amane, kodwa zifaka kuphela izimpi ezintathu kusukela esikhathini sokuphela ngo-1989 kuze kube ngumthetho weSonto wevesi lamashumi amane nanye. Lezo zimpi ezintathu zibonakala kahle ngokwengeziwe njengezimpi zommeli, ezifezwa ngaphakathi komongo wempi phakathi kwenkosi yasenyakatho nenkosi yaseningizimu, okuthi emlandweni wevesi lamashumi amane zimele ukulwa phakathi kobuKatolika (inkosi yasenyakatho) nobuKhomanisi (inkosi yaseningizimu).

The first of those three battles identifies the victory of Catholicism over Communism in 1989, as the papacy joined with its proxy army, represented by the United States, in sweeping away the Soviet Union in 1989, though Russia, the head (or “fortress”), was left standing. The current Ukrainian War is once again a battle between Catholicism and Communism, with the papacy employing the Ukrainian government as its proxy against Russia, along with the support of the papacy’s previous proxy power, the United States, including the rest of the globalist western world. That war is represented in verses eleven and twelve, and identifies that Communism (Russia), will prevail over Catholicism.

Eyokuqala kulezo zimpi ezintathu ikhomba ukunqoba kobuKatolika phezu kobuKhomanisi ngo-1989, njengoba ubupapa bahlangana nebutho labo elimeleleneyo, elimelwe yi-United States, ekususeni ngendluzula i-Soviet Union ngo-1989, nakuba iRussia, inhloko (noma “inqaba”), yasala imi. Impi yamanje yase-Ukraine iphinde futhi ibe yimpi phakathi kobuKatolika nobuKhomanisi, lapho ubupapa busebenzisa uhulumeni wase-Ukraine njengommeleli wabo ngokumelene neRussia, kanye nokwesekwa amandla obumeli obudlule bobupapa, i-United States, kuhlanganise nayo yonke enye ingxenye yomhlaba wasentshonalanga yobuglobhalisimu. Leyo mpi imelwe emavesini eshumi nanye neshumi nambili, futhi ikhomba ukuthi ubuKhomanisi (iRussia) buyonqoba phezu kobuKatolika.

The third of those three proxy battles is represented in verse fifteen, as the Battle of Panium. The battle was between the Ptolemaic kingdom (the king of the south) and the Seleucid kingdom (the king of the north). In that battle the proxy army of Catholicism is once again the United States.

Eyesithathu kulezo zimpi ezintathu ezibanjelwe abanye imelwe evesini leshumi nanhlanu, njengeMpi yasePanium. Le mpi yayiphakathi kombuso wamaPtolemy (inkosi yaseningizimu) nombuso wamaSeleucid (inkosi yasenyakatho). Kuleyo mpi, ibutho elimele ubuKatolika liphinde futhi laba yi-United States.

In the first battle in 1989, the proxy army of the Republican horn of the United States was employed by the papacy to bring down the political structure of the Soviet Union, while leaving intact, its head (Russia). In the second battle, which is the Ukrainian war, the proxy army of the Nazi’s is defeated by Russia. In the third battle the United States, the proxy army of the papacy again defeats the king of the south.

Empini yokuqala ngo-1989, ibutho elimele uphondo lweRiphabhulikhi lwe-United States lasetshenziswa upapa ukuze lidilize isakhiwo sezombusazwe seSoviet Union, kuyilapho kushiywa kungonakalisiwe ikhanda laso (iRussia). Empini yesibili, okuyimpi yase-Ukraine, ibutho elimele lamaNazi liyanqotshwa yiRussia. Empini yesithathu i-United States, ibutho elimele upapa, iphinda inqobe inkosi yaseningizimu.

The three battles bear the signature of “Truth”, with the first and last battles being carried out by the victorious proxy army of the United States. In the first battle the head of the king of the south was left intact, and in the third battle the proxy army of the United States, becomes the head of the king of the south. The second proxy army was also the proxy army of the papacy in the Second World War. In both instances the proxy army of Nazism was and will be defeated. The papacy fully subdues all her enemies before verse sixteen, when the threefold union is accomplished.

Lezi zimpi ezintathu ziphethe uphawu luka“Qiniso”, kanti impi yokuqala neyokugcina zilwiwa yibutho elimele elinqobayo lase-United States. Empini yokuqala ikhanda lenkosi yaseningizimu lashiywa liphelele, kanti empini yesithathu ibutho elimele lase-United States liba yikhanda lenkosi yaseningizimu. Ibutho lesibili elimele lalingelalo futhi ibutho elimele lobupapa eMpini Yezwe Yesibili. Kuzo zombili lezi zimo ibutho elimele lobuNazi lanqotshwa futhi liyakunqotshwa. Ubupapa bunqoba ngokuphelele zonke izitha zabo ngaphambi kwevesi leshumi nesithupha, lapho inyunyana ephindwe kathathu isifezekile.

> “Ptolemy [Putin] lacked the prudence to make a good use of his victory. Had he followed up his success, he would probably have become master of the whole kingdom of Antiochus; but content with making only a few menaces and a few threats, he made peace that he might be able to give himself up to the uninterrupted and uncontrolled indulgence of his brutish passions. Thus, having conquered his enemies, he was overcome by his vices, and, forgetful of the great name which he might have established, he spent his time in feasting and lewdness.

> “UPtolemy [uPutin] wayeswele ukuqonda ukuze asebenzise kahle ukunqoba kwakhe. Ukube waqhubekisela phambili impumelelo yakhe, cishe wayeyoba yinkosi yombuso wonke ka-Antiochus; kodwa, enelisekile ngokwenza izinsongo ezimbalwa kuphela namazwi ambalwa okusabisa, wenza ukuthula ukuze azinikele ekuzithokoziseni okungaphazanyiswa nokungalawulwa kwezinkanuko zakhe zobulwane. Ngakho-ke, esenqobile izitha zakhe, wanqotshwa yimikhuba yakhe emibi; futhi, eseyikhohliwe igama elikhulu ayengase alimisile, wachitha isikhathi sakhe edilini nasekuziphatheni okubi.”

> “His heart was lifted up by his success, but he was far from being strengthened by it; for the inglorious use he made of it caused his own subjects to rebel against him.” Uriah Smith, Daniel and the Revelation, 254.

> “Inhliziyo yakhe yaphakama ngenxa yokuphumelela kwakhe, kodwa wayekude nokuba aqiniswe yikho; ngokuba ukusetshenziswa okuyihlazo akwenza ngakho kwabangela ukuba abantu bakhe uqobo bamvukele.” Uriah Smith, Daniel and the Revelation, 254.

A second witness that the victory of Putin marks his end, is with the southern kingdom of Judah’s king Uzziah, whose heart was also lifted up by his military victories, and thereafter, as with Ptolemy, sought to perform the work of the priests in the sanctuary, and was struck with leprosy and immediately removed from power. Putin’s victory in the Ukrainian war marks the beginning of his end as the king of the south (the king of atheism). His end was typified with the beginning of verse forty’s prophetic king of the south (France), which identified a revolution that overthrew the leadership, as happened with Ptolemy. Putin’s end was also represented with the end of the Soviet Union, where the leader (Gorbachev), dissolved the Soviet Union, and immediately took a job with the United Nations, the last-day globalist symbol of atheism, the king of the south. After Putin’s victory in the Ukraine, he is also typified by Napoleon at Waterloo, and the exile that followed; and also, king Uzziah, with his leprosy, and the exile that followed, as well as Ptolemy’s drunken end and the end of the Soviet Union in 1989.

Ubufakazi besibili bokuthi ukunqoba kukaPutin kuphawula ukuphela kwakhe, bubonakala enkosini yombuso waseningizimu wakwaJuda, u-Uziya, inhliziyo yakhe nayo eyaphakanyiswa ukunqoba kwakhe kwezempi, futhi ngemva kwalokho, njengakuPtolemy, wafuna ukwenza umsebenzi wabapristi endlini engcwele, wayeseshaywa ngochoko futhi wasuswa embusweni masinyane. Ukunqoba kukaPutin empini yase-Ukraine kuphawula ukuqala kokuphela kwakhe njengenkosi yaseningizimu (inkosi yokungakholelwa kuNkulunkulu). Ukuphela kwakhe kwakufanekiswa ngesiqalo senkosi yesiprofetho yaseningizimu yevesi lamashumi amane (iFrance), eyakhomba uguquko olwagumbuqela ubuholi, njengoba kwenzeka ngoPtolemy. Ukuphela kukaPutin kwaphinde kwamelelwa ngokuphela kweSoviet Union, lapho umholi (uGorbachev) ahlakaza khona iSoviet Union, futhi ngokushesha wathatha umsebenzi neZizwe Ezihlangene, uphawu lokugcina lwezinsuku lokuhlangana komhlaba wonke lokungakholelwa kuNkulunkulu, inkosi yaseningizimu. Emva kokunqoba kukaPutin e-Ukraine, uphinde afanekiswe ngoNapoleon eWaterloo, kanye nokudingiswa okwalandela; futhi nangenkosi u-Uziya, ngochoko lwakhe, kanye nokudingiswa okwalandela, kanye nokuphela kukaPtolemy kokudakwa kanye nokuphela kweSoviet Union ngo-1989.

The Battle of Panium occurred in 200 BC, and in that very year Rome openly intercedes into history. Their insertion into the prophetic narrative precedes the conquering of Jerusalem represented in verse sixteen, and fulfilled in 63 BC. at the time she proclaimed that she was the defender of the child king in Egypt. In the third battle of verse forty, involving the kings of the north and south, the papacy will insert itself into history again, pretending to be the protector of Russia. At that same time Seleucus, in the type, defeated Ptolemy in the battle of Panium, thus identifying that the United States, the proxy army of the papacy in the first and last battles of verse forty, defeats “Egypt” (the king of the south).

Impi yasePanium yenzeka ngo-200 BC, futhi kulo kanye lowo nyaka iRoma yangenela ngokusobala emlandweni. Ukungenela kwabo endabeni yesiprofetho kwandulela ukunqotshwa kweJerusalema okumelelwe evesini leshumi nesithupha, futhi okwafezeka ngo-63 BC, ngesikhathi isimemezela ukuthi singumvikeli wenkosi eseyingane eGibhithe. Empini yesithathu yevesi lamashumi amane, ebandakanya amakhosi asenyakatho naseningizimu, upapa uyophinde azingenise emlandweni, ezenza umvikeli weRussia. Ngaso leso sikhathi uSeleucus, esifanekisweni, wanqoba uPtolemy empini yasePanium, ngaleyo ndlela ekhomba ukuthi i-United States, ibutho elimele upapa ezimpini zokuqala nezokugcina zevesi lamashumi amane, inqoba “iGibhithe” (inkosi yaseningizimu).

In the year 200 BC, we symbolically find the papacy, as the whore of Tyre begins to sing her songs of fornication in advance of the threefold union at the Sunday law of verse sixteen. At the same time the United States prevails over the United Nations, thus securing its position as the premier king of the ten kings. All the dynamics of the threefold union that are accomplished at the Sunday law, are settled before verse sixteen.

Ngonyaka ka-200 BC, ngokwesimboli sithola ubupapa, njengoba isifebe saseTire siqala ukucula izingoma zaso zobufebe kusengaphambili kwenyunyana ephindwe kathathu emthethweni weSonto wevesi leshumi nesithupha. Ngesikhathi esifanayo i-United States iyahlula phezu kwe-United Nations, ngaleyo ndlela iqinisa isikhundla sayo njengenkosi ephambili kunawo wonke amakhosi ayishumi. Wonke amandla asebenzayo enyunyana ephindwe kathathu agcwaliseka emthethweni weSonto, asevele amiswe ngaphambi kwevesi leshumi nesithupha.

The dragon power’s political structure, as represented by the United Nations, agrees, in verse sixteen, to give its political structure to the beast, but before it does so the papacy conquers the religion of the dragon. Paganism must once again, be taken away. Protestantism was removed in the Reagan years, in the first battle of verse forty, and in the time of the last Republican president the religion of the dragon will also be placed into subjection to the religion of Catholicism, as it was in the year 508. The process of removing any religious resistance to the papacy being placed upon the throne began in the Reagan years, and it ends in the Trump years. The resistance of apostate Protestantism against Catholicism was removed in the first battle of verse forty, and the resistance of spiritualism will be removed in the last battle of verse forty.

Ukwakheka kwezombusazwe kwamandla kadrako, njengoba kumelwe yiNhlangano Yezizwe Ezihlangene, kuyavuma, evesini leshumi nesithupha, ukunikeza isilo ukwakheka kwako kwezombusazwe; kodwa ngaphambi kokuba kwenze kanjalo ubupapa bunqoba inkolo kadrako. Ubuqaba kumele buphinde bususwe. UbuProthestani basuswa eminyakeni kaReagan, empini yokuqala yevesi lamashumi amane, futhi ngesikhathi somongameli wokugcina weRiphabhulikhi inkolo kadrako nayo iyobekwa ngaphansi kwenkolo yobuKatolika, njengoba kwakunjalo ngonyaka ka-508. Inqubo yokususa noma yikuphi ukumelana kwenkolo nobupapa bubekwa esihlalweni sobukhosi yaqala eminyakeni kaReagan, futhi iphela eminyakeni kaTrump. Ukumelana kobuProthestani obuhlubukileyo nebuKatolika kwasuswa empini yokuqala yevesi lamashumi amane, futhi ukumelana kokukhonza imimoya kuyosuswa empini yokugcina yevesi lamashumi amane.

In the same complicated interplay of human events, apostate Protestantism must establish itself as the religious and political authority over the ten kings of Revelation chapter seventeen. Thus, the Battle of Panium is identifying when the United States prevails over the United Nations, just before the Sunday law of verse sixteen.

Kulowo kanye ukuxhumana okuyinkimbinkimbi kwezehlakalo zabantu, ubuProthestani obuhlubukile kumelwe buziqinise njengamandla enkolo nawombuso phezu kwamakhosi ayishumi eSambulo isahluko seshumi nesikhombisa. Ngalokho, iMpi yasePanium ikhomba isikhathi lapho i-United States inqoba i-United Nations, ngaphambi nje komthetho weSonto wevesi leshumi nesithupha.

It is an established rule of prophecy that the dragon, the beast and the false prophet each have their own peculiar prophetic characteristics. One of those prophetic characteristics is that the beast (Catholicism), is always prophetically located in the city of Rome. The False Prophet is always prophetically located in the United States. But with the dragon, the characteristic of where the dragon is prophetically located is that it always moves. The dragon began in heaven, then came to the Garden of Eden, and eventually the dragon is located in Egypt.

Kungumthetho osunguliwe wesiprofetho ukuthi udrako, isilo, nomprofethi wamanga ngamunye unazo izimpawu zakhe zesiprofetho eziyingqayizivele. Enye yalezo zimpawu zesiprofetho ukuthi isilo (ubuKhatholika), sihlala sibekwe ngokwesiprofetho emzini waseRoma. Umprofethi Wamanga uhlale ebekwe ngokwesiprofetho e-United States. Kodwa-ke ngodrako, isici sendawo udrako abekwa kuyo ngokwesiprofetho siwukuthi uhlala usuka kwenye indawo uye kwenye. Udrako waqala ezulwini, wase eza eNsimini yase-Edene, futhi ekugcineni udrako ubekwa eGibhithe.

> Speak, and say, Thus saith the Lord God; Behold, I am against thee, Pharaoh king of Egypt, the great dragon that lieth in the midst of his rivers, which hath said, My river is mine own, and I have made it for myself. Ezekiel 29:3.

> Khuluma, uthi: Itsho kanje iNkosi uJehova: Bheka, ngimelene nawe, Faro, nkosi yaseGibhithe, wena drako elikhulu elilele phakathi kwemifula yalo, elithe: Umfula wami ungowami uqobo, futhi ngizenzele wona. Hezekeli 29:3.

The prophetic location of the dragon moves. In the time of John, the seat of the dragon, which represents its throne, was identified as being in Pergamos.

Indawo engokwesiprofetho yedrako iyashintsha. Esikhathini sikaJohane, isihlalo sedrako, esimelela isihlalo sayo sobukhosi, sachazwa njengesiso ePergamo.

> And to the angel of the church in Pergamos write; These things saith he which hath the sharp sword with two edges; I know thy works and where thou dwellest, even where Satan’s seat is: and thou holdest fast my name, and hast not denied my faith, even in those days wherein Antipas was my faithful martyr, who was slain among you, where Satan dwelleth. Revelation 2:12, 13.

> Bhalela ingelosi yebandla lasePergamu uthi: Nanku akushoyo yena ophethe inkemba ebukhali esika nhlangothi zombili: Ngiyayazi imisebenzi yakho, nokuthi uhlala kuphi, khona lapho isihlalo sikaSathane sikhona; nokuthi ubambelele egameni lami waqina, futhi awuyiphikanga inkolo yami, ngisho nangalezo zinsuku lapho u-Antipase ayengufakazi wami othembekileyo, owabulawa phakathi kwenu, lapho uSathane ehlala khona. IsAmbulo 2:12, 13.

The practice of pagan Rome was to bring all the pagan deities they became associated with back to the city of Rome, and represent them in the Pantheon Temple. This is why Daniel records that the “place of his sanctuary was cast down.” The place of pagan Rome’s sanctuary was the city of Rome, which was cast down by Constantine in the year 330, but the sanctuary that was “in” Rome was the Pantheon Temple, Pan-Theon meaning, “the temple of all the gods”. The Romans moved the location of Satan’s seat to the Pantheon Temple from Pergamos. Sister White informs us that pagan Rome is the dragon.

Umkhuba weRoma lobuhedeni wawungukuletha bonke onkulunkulu babahedeni ababebenzelana nabo bababuyise emzini waseRoma, bese bebamela ethempelini lasePantheon. Yingakho uDaniyeli eloba ukuthi “indawo yendlu yakhe engcwele yadilizwa.” Indawo yendlu engcwele yeRoma lobuhedeni kwakungumuzi waseRoma, owadilizwa nguConstantine ngonyaka ka-330, kodwa indlu engcwele eyayiseRoma” kwakuyithempeli lasePantheon, iPan-Theon lisho ukuthi, “ithempeli labo bonke onkulunkulu”. AmaRoma athutha indawo yesihlalo sikaSathane ayisa ethempelini lasePantheon esuka ePergamo. USister White usazisa ukuthi iRoma lobuhedeni liyidrako.

> “Thus while the dragon, primarily, represents Satan, it is, in a secondary sense, a symbol of pagan Rome.” The Great Controversy, 439.

> “Ngakho-ke nakuba udrako, ngokuyinhloko, emele uSathane, ngomqondo wesibili uwuphawu lweRoma lobuqaba.” The Great Controversy, 439.

Pagan Rome divided into ten nations, and France became the king of the south when it introduced the atheism of Egypt during the French Revolution. By 1917, the dragon had moved from France to Russia. Verse ten represents 1989, and verses eleven and twelve, represent the battles of “the borderline” (Raphia and Ukraine), and the battle of Panium represents the third step the papacy accomplishes as she secures the threefold union in verse sixteen. It represents the hidden history of verse forty.

IRoma yobuqaba yahlukaniswa yaba yizizwe eziyishumi, futhi iFrance yaba yinkosi yaseningizimu lapho ingenisa ukungakholelwa kuNkulunkulu kwaseGibhithe phakathi neNguquko yaseFrance. Ngo-1917, udrako wayesesukile eFrance waya eRussia. Ivesi leshumi limelela u-1989, futhi amavesi ayishumi nanye nayishumi nambili amele izimpi “zomngcele” (iRaphia ne-Ukraine), kanti impi yasePanium imelela isinyathelo sesithathu ubupapa abusifezayo njengoba buqinisa inyunyana ephindwe kathathu evesini leshumi nesithupha. Imele umlando ofihlekile wevesi lamashumi amane.

We will continue this study in the next article.

Sizoqhubeka nalesi sifundo esihlokweni esilandelayo.

> When Jesus came into the coasts of Caesarea Philippi [Panium], he asked his disciples, saying, Whom do men say that I the Son of man am? And they said, Some say that thou art John the Baptist: some, Elias; and others, Jeremias, or one of the prophets. He saith unto them, But whom say ye that I am? And Simon Peter answered and said, Thou art the Christ, the Son of the living God. And Jesus answered and said unto him, Blessed art thou, Simon Barjona: for flesh and blood hath not revealed it unto thee, but my Father which is in heaven. And I say also unto thee, That thou art Peter, and upon this rock I will build my church; and the gates of hell shall not prevail against it. And I will give unto thee the keys of the kingdom of heaven: and whatsoever thou shalt bind on earth shall be bound in heaven: and whatsoever thou shalt loose on earth shall be loosed in heaven. Then charged he his disciples that they should tell no man that he was Jesus the Christ. From that time forth began Jesus to show unto his disciples, how that he must go unto Jerusalem, and suffer many things of the elders and chief priests and scribes, and be killed, and be raised again the third day. Matthew 16:13–21.

> Kwathi uJesu esefikile emikhawulweni yaseKesariya Filiphi [iPanium], wabuza abafundi bakhe, wathi, Bathi abantu ngingubani mina iNdodana yomuntu na? Base bethi, Abanye bathi unguJohane uMbhapathizi; abanye bathi ungu-Eliya; kanti abanye bathi unguJeremiya, noma omunye wabaprofethi. Wathi kubo, Kepha nina nithi ngingubani na? USimoni Petru waphendula wathi, Wena unguKristu, iNdodana kaNkulunkulu ophilayo. UJesu wamphendula wathi kuye, Ubusisiwe wena, Simoni Bharjona, ngokuba inyama negazi akukwambulanga lokhu kuwe, kodwa uBaba osezulwini. Nami ngithi kuwe, Wena unguPetru, futhi phezu kwaleli dwala ngiyakwakha ibandla lami; namasango esihogo awayikunqoba. Futhi ngiyakukunika izihluthulelo zombuso wezulu; futhi konke oyakukubopha emhlabeni kuyakubotshwa ezulwini; nakho konke oyakukukhulula emhlabeni kuyakukhululwa ezulwini. Khona wayala abafundi bakhe ukuba bangatsheli muntu ukuthi unguJesu uKristu. Kusukela kuleso sikhathi uJesu waqala ukubonisa abafundi bakhe ukuthi kumelwe aye eJerusalema, ahlupheke ngezinto eziningi kubadala nakubapristi abakhulu nakubabhali, abulawe, abese evuswa ngosuku lwesithathu. Mathewu 16:13–21.

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