Ebyafaayo Ebikwese eby’Olunyiriri lwa Makumi Ana — Ennamba kkumi na munaana

“Ekisumuluzo” ekikiikirira olutalo lwa Nineve mu Kubikkulirwa essuula ey’omwenda kyatuukirizibwa mu byafaayo ebyaleeta enkyukakyuka enkulu, kubanga ddala ekyo kye kikolwa ekisumuluzo. Okwogera kwange kwe kuti olutalo lwa Nineve si kye kisumuluzo kyokka eky’ebyafaayo ekyalambika okuviirawo kw’Obusiraamu, wabula era nti kye kisumuluzo eky’obunnabbi. Enkola ez’obunnabbi ez’olutalo olwo zireeta ennyiriri zonna ez’obwakabaka obuli mu bunnabbi bwa Bayibuli, nga bwe ziteekeddwawo mu Danyeri ne mu Kubikkulirwa, okutuukagana n’essuula ey’ekkumi n’emu eya Danyeri. Mu kukola kino, kisobozesa obwakabaka obwo bwonna okuwa obujulirwa ku nnyiriri mukaaga ezisembayo eza Danyeri essuula ey’ekkumi n’emu, era ekisinga obukulu—okusumulula ebyafaayo eby’ebweru ebyakwekebwa eby’olunyiriri olw’amakumi ana.

Olutalo lw’e Nineeve mu 627 lwalaga okutandika kw’emyaka kkumi egy’oluvannyuma egy’amaanyi ga Buperusiya, agaawangulwa olw’obukodyo bwa Rooma, nga buwerekerwako enkumbi ya Katonda ey’obulabirizi bwe. Lwalaga ekifo eky’okukyuka mwe gaggye ga Isiraamu aga Mohammed gaatandikira okusituka. Olutalo olwo lwaggyawo ekiziyiza ekyaliwo, ekiziyiza ekyandisigaddewo mu ndowooza singa Rooma ne Buperusiya byombi byakuumanga amaanyi gaabyo. Tewali n’ekimu ekyakola bwe kityo.

Mu kifaananyi eky’obunnabbi ekikwata ku Busiraamu, tusangamu okuziyizibwa n’okusumululwa kwa Busiraamu okuva ddala ku ntandikwa eyasooka ey’Ekigambo, nga Saala bwe yakkiriza Ibulayimu okuziyiza Haagaali ne Isimayiri.

N’oluvannyuma lw’ekyo tekinnabaawo, ensonga lwaki Hagali aleetebwa mu nnnyonnyola ey’obunnabbi eri nti Mukama “aziyiziddwa” Saala okuzaala omwana.

“Ekisumuluzo” eky’Okubikkulirwa essuula ya mwenda ekyawa Muhammad, era oluvannyuma ne kituukirizibwa olw’olutalo lw’e Nineve, kikiikirira okuggyibwawo kw’“ekiziyiza” ku Busiraamu ku kiseera kyonna ekigerekeddwa mu byafaayo eby’obunnabbi.

“Okugolokoka n’okugwa” okw’obwakabaka bwa Mohammed tekukiikirirwa nnyo ng’okugolokoka n’okugwa, wabula ng’“okusumululwa” n’“okuziyizibwa.” Obusiraamu bwe busumululwa mu ngeri ey’obunnabbi, okusumululwa okwo kulagiddwa olutalo lw’e Nineeve.

Ku makonde omusanvu, makonde ag’ennaku ga Isiraamu gokka ge gaaserengeta mu byafaayo ng’amaanyi agatasalako okuva lwe gaatandikibwawo mu byafaayo eby’obunnabbi okutuuka ku nkomerero y’ekisa. Amakonde ana asooka agaaleetebwa ku Rooma ey’ebugwanjuba gaali gakiikirira Odoacer, Genseric, Atilla Omuhuni ne Alaric, bwe gatyo nga galaga amaanyi ana ag’okusalira omusango ag’Obwakatonda mu nnaku ez’oluvannyuma; naye ekifaananyi kyago eky’omulembe guno si zzadde lya butereevu lya maanyi ago ana ag’edda. Si bwe kityo eri amakonde ag’ennaku. Isiraamu bw’emala okuyingira mu byafaayo, egenda mu maaso n’olunyiriri olutereevu olw’okusumululwa n’okuziyizibwa okutuusa lwe esumululwa ddala ku nkomerero y’ekisa. Mu makonde ag’ennaku, “ekisumuluzo” eky’‘okusumululwa’ kirambikibwa n’olutalo lw’e Nineeve.

Abasooka baffe baategeera bulungi nti nga Jjulaayi 27, 1299 lwe lwali entandikwa y’emyaka kikumi mu ataano egyaggwaako nga Jjulaayi 27, 1449, era eyatandika emyaka ebikumi bisatu mu kyenda mu gumu n’ennaku kkumi na ttaano egyakomekkerezebwa nga Agusito 11, 1840.

Mu kiwandiiko ekyasooka twalaba okuzingizinga okwabaawo okuva mu 1333 okutuuka mu 1337, okwaleetebwa ku Nikomediya ne Sulutaani Orhan Gazi (mutabani wa Osman I, omutandisi w’Obwakabaka bwa Ottoman Beylik), bwe yazingiza ekibuga ekikulu eky’Ababyzantium ekya Nikomediya. Oko kuzingizinga kwe kuggwaako kw’entalo ezirwanyisibwa ku Nikomediya ezaatandikibwa kitaawe Osman. Emyaka kikumi mu ataano egya Okubikkulirwa essuula ey’omwenda, olunyiriri olw’ekkumi, gyatandika nga Jjulaayi 27, 1299, era ng’entandikwa y’obunnabbi, ebyafaayo ebikwatagana n’olunaku olwo olw’entandikwa birina okwetegerezebwa. Osman I (omutandisi w’olulyo lw’Abaottoman) ye yali kitaawe wa Sulutaani Orhan Gazi, era ku Jjulaayi 27, 1299 yafuna obuwanguzi obw’amaanyi obwasooka ku Bwakabaka bwa Byzantine mu Lutalo lw’e Bapheus, olwali mu kitundu kya Nikomediya, okumpi n’ekibuga kya Nikomediya; ekibuga ekikulu nnyo ekyali ekitebe mu byafaayo by’Abaruumi n’eby’Ababyzantium abaasooka.

Nga nga 27 Julayi, 1299 amaanyi ga Osman gaawangula eggye lya Byzantine eryali likulemberwa gavana ow’ekitundu. Olutalo olwo lutwalibwa ng’emu ku buwanguzi obusooka obukulu obw’eddembe mu bya magye bwa Osman, oluvannyuma lw’okuba ng’atandise okunyweza obuyinza bwe mu Bithynia (mu bukiikakkono-ebugwanjuba bwa Anatolia). Lwaba kabonero kakulu mu kukyuka okuva ku bwakabaka obutono obwa Buyturuki (obwakabaka bw’ekika) okudda ku maanyi agali mu kusituka agaali gagenda okukubaganya ne okuwangula ebitundu bya Byzantine. Ennaku eyo etegeeza okutandika kw’ekiseera eky’okukula eri Obusiraamu ekyatuuka ku nkomerero mu kuteekebwawo kw’Obwakabaka bwa Ottoman mu kugwa kwa Constantinople mu 1453. Osman yakozesa abalwanyi ba ghazi (abanyazi b’oku nsalo abalina obuvunaanyizibwa obw’Obusiraamu), era awo ne watandika okutegekebwa kw’abalwanyi ba ghazi ab’oku nsalo mu ggye eririna enteekateeka ennungi, eryagenda lyeyongera okukula okuva ku Osman okutuuka ku mutabani we, Orhan. Mu bintu ebirala ebikulu eby’ensikirano ya Osman mwe muli nti kyasobozesa Obusiraamu okukuuma ettaka, obutafaanana ng’entalo z’abalwanyi ba ghazi, amagezi gaabwe agataali mategeke obulungi ag’okukuba ne badduka agaabalekanga n’omunyago gwokka ogw’obuwanguzi bwabwe, naye nga tebagananga kitundu kyonna kya ttaka.

Nga nga 27 Mukulukusa 1299, Osman yatandika olunyiriri lw’entalo mu kitundu kya Nicomedia, era emyaka amakumi asatu mu ena oluvannyuma mutabani we yatandika okuzingiza okumala emyaka ena ku kibuga ekikulu Nicomedia. Kitaawe ku ntandikwa, ne mutabani ku nkomerero. Olutalo lutandika ku kitundu ekikiikirirwa nga Nicomedia era lukoma n’okuwamba Nicomedia, ekibuga ekikulu eky’ekitundu, Nicomedia. Okuva mu 1299 okutuuka mu 1337 gwe mwaka amakumi asatu mu munaana, era mu ngeri ey’obunnabbi omuwendo “amakumi asatu mu munaana” gulaga okusituka.

Emyaka kikumi mu ataano okuva nga Jjulaayi 27, 1299 okutuuka ku Jjulaayi 27, 1449 kikiikirira ekiseera ekyaviirako okuteekebwawo kw’Obwakabaka bw’Aba-Ottoman obw’akabi akookubiri aka Kubikkulirwa essuula ey’omwenda. Emyaka amakumi asatu mu munaana egy’okuwamba Nicomedia mu ngeri eyeyongera mpola gyatandika ne kitaawe (Osman) era ne gikoma ne mutabani we (Orphan). Ekiseera kino kiraga eddaala erisooka ery’okugulumizibwa okw’ekikulaakulana okuva ku bwami bw’ekika okutuuka ku bwakabaka.

Emyaka kikumi mu ataano okuva nga Jjulaayi 27, 1299 okutuuka ku Jjulaayi 27, 1449, girimu okuzingiza okw’emyaka ena okuteesa ku nkomerero y’emyaka amakumi asatu mu munaana. Entandikwa y’okuwangula Nikomediya yali ya kitaawe Osman, era enkomerero yatuukirizibwa olw’okuzingiza okw’emyaka ena okuva mu 1333 okutuuka mu 1337; okuzingiza okwakoleddwa mutabani wa Osman.

Awo emyaka kikumi mu ataano bwe gyaggwa nga Julayi 27, 1449, empaŋŋa ya Byzantium, Constantine ow’ekkumi n’omu, oba Constantine ow’enkomerero owa Rooma ey’ebuvanjuba, yasaba olukusa eri Abatuluuki okutwala entebe y’obwakabaka. Okuva ku lunaku olwo okutuuka ku kuwangulwa kwa Constantinople waaliwo emyaka ena. Emyaka egyo ena gyakomekkerezebwa n’okuzingiza Constantinople, era Constantine ow’enkomerero n’afiira mu kuzingiza okwo. Okuvuka kw’Obusiraamu kulagibwa emyaka amakumi asatu mu munaana egyasooka mu bunnabbi obw’emyaka kikumi mu ataano, obwakomekkerezebwa n’okuzingiza okw’emyaka ena. Emyaka kikumi mu ataano bwe gyaggwa, Obusiraamu bwali bumaze okulinnyira ku ddaala eryokusaasaanya okutuuka obuvanjuba bwa Rooma lwe bwatoowazibwa olw’amaanyi Abatuluuki ge baalina mu kiseera ekyo. Okuva ku kunyoomebwa okwaliwo nga Julayi 27, 1449, emyaka ena gyaleeta okugwa kwa Rooma ey’ebuvanjuba ng’e Constantinople kitwaliddwa olw’okuzingiza. Enkomerero y’emyaka amakumi asatu mu munaana egyasooka emanyiddwa n’okuzingiza, era n’okuteekebwawo kw’Obwakabaka bwa Ottoman kumanyiddwa n’okuzingiza.

Omuwendo amakumi asatu mu munaana ng’akabonero, nga Musa bwe yakateekawo mu Ekyamateeka Olwokubiri, kikiikirira emyaka amakumi asatu mu munaana egy’enkomerero egy’omusango ogw’emyaka amakumi ana egy’okubulubutira mu ddungu. Noolwekyo, omuwendo amakumi asatu mu munaana, ng’akabonero, gulina enkolagana n’omuwendo amakumi ana. Osman yawangula ekitundu kya Nicomedia nga 27 Julayi 1299, era emyaka amakumi asatu mu munaana oluvannyuma mutabani we n’awangula ekibuga ekikulu eky’ekitundu ekyo. Ekitundu n’ekibuga ekikulu byombi byali Nicomedia. Abawandiisi b’ebyafaayo bategeeza olutalo luno ng’olusooka ku “mitendera” ebiri egiraga ddala entandikwa yennyini ey’okuyimuka kw’Obwakabaka bw’Abottoman. Omutendera ogwokubiri ogulambikiddwa ebyafaayo gwe lutalo lwa Nicaea mu 1301. Eyo kitaawe, Osman, yawangula ekitundu ekyayitibwanga Nicaea, era mu 1331, emyaka amakumi asatu oluvannyuma, mutabani we n’awangula ekibuga ekikulu, ekyayitibwanga Nicaea, ekyali ekibuga ekikulu eky’Abaruumi edda.

Mu bikwatagana ne 1299 n’olutalo lw’e Nikomedia, ng’eryo lye lyali eryasooka ku mitendera ebiri, omutendera ogwokubiri gwajja emyaka ebiri oluvannyuma mu 1301. 1299 kabonero ka amakumi asatu mu munaana, era emyaka ebiri oluvannyuma (amakumi ana), ekitundu kya Nicaea kitaatibwa kitaawe. Enkolagana ey’amakumi asatu mu munaana n’amakumi ana egy’Isiraeri ow’edda okuyimuka okutwala ensi eyasuubizibwa eragiddwa mu July 27, 1299 ne 1301. Emitendera egyo ebiri egyasooka egy’Obusiraamu okuyimuka gimanyiddwa obubonero obw’entalo z’amagye ezitandikira ku kitaawe okuwangula ekitundu ky’ensi, n’omwana okuwangula ekibuga ekikulu eky’ekitundu ekyo ku nkomerero. Ebibuga ebikulu ebyo byombi bwe byagwa, byagwa olw’okubizingiza. Ebibuga ebyo byombi mu kiseera ekimu byali bibuga bikulu eby’e Rooma ey’ebuvanjuba.

Nga nga 27 omwezi ogwomusanvu, 1299 ne 1301 bituuka ku nkomerero yaabyo nga 11 omwezi ogw’omunaana, 1840, ekiraga ebyafaayo bya 1838, Litch bwe yasooka okufulumya endowooza ye n’obunnabbi bwe obw’emyaka ebikumi bisatu mu kyenda mu gumu n’ennaku kkumi na ttaano obwali bujja okutuukirizibwa ku nga 11 omwezi ogw’omunaana, 1840. Emitendera ebiri egy’okuyimuka eri Abamilleri yali myaka 1838 ne 1840.

Obunnabbi bwa Litch obw’omwaka gwa '38 n’okwolesebwa kwe okwateekebwawo obulungi okw’omwaka gwa '40 birimu n’ekigambo kye eky’enkomerero, kye yawandiika nga August 1, ennaku kkumi nga okulongoosa obunnabbi tekunnabaawo. Okutuukirira kw’obunnabbi kwe kwakkiriza ensi yonna ku ngeri entuufu ey’okukozesaamu obunnabbi obw’Ebyawandiikibwa. Emyaka amakumi asatu mu munaana egyalambika okuyimuka kwa Isiraeri ow’edda gyalimu emyaka ebiri okuva ku kusomoka Ennyanja Emmyufu okutuuka ku bujeemu obwasooka e Kadesi.

Obujeemu obwo bwogerwako nga bwe bwali obw’enkomerero ku kugezesebwa kkumi. Ekiseera eky’emyaka ebiri eky’okugezesebwa okulimu okugezesebwa kkumi, nga kyongereddwa ku myaka amakumi asatu mu munaana egy’omu ddungu, kyali kifaananyi kya 1838 ne 1840, era 1840 yalimu ekiseera eky’ennaku kkumi.

Era entandikwa ey’okutandika okw’okusituka kw’Obusiraamu ne Osman nga July 27, 1299 etandika ebbanga lya myaka amakumi asatu mu munaana eriggweerera mu kuzingizibwa okw’emyaka ena mu 1337. July 27, 1299 gwe gwali omutendera ogusooka ku mitendera ebiri abanoonyereza ku byafaayo gye balaga ng’ensibuko y’okutandika okw’okusituka kw’Obwakabaka bw’Abottoman, era omutendera ogw’okubiri gwali 1301. Emitendera ebiri egy’entalo z’e Nicomedia ne Nicaea mu 1299 ne 1301 gifaananyiriza 1838 ne 1840. Entandikwa y’obunnabbi eraga enkomerero.

Nikomediya ne Nikiya byombi mu bitundu eby’enjawulo eby’ebyafaayo byabyo byaweerezaako okw’ekiseera ng’emikulu gy’obwakabaka bwa Rooma obw’ebuvanjuba. Kya lwatu nti oluvannyuma Konsitandinoopoole ye yafuuka ekibuga ekikulu eky’ebuvanjuba mu 330 okutuuka mu 1453. Nikomediya ne Nikiya bifaananya okugwa kwa Konsitandinoopoole; byonna byagwa olw’okuzingizibwa kw’Abasiraamu okwateeka akabonero ku nkomerero y’olutalo Islam lwe yasooka okufuga ekitundu ekyo era oluvannyuma n’etwala ekibuga ekikulu.

Olukugirwa olusooka olw’emyaka ena okuva mu 1333 okutuuka mu 1337 lukiikirira emyaka ena okuva mu 1449 okutuuka mu 1453, obunnabbi lwe bwakoma. Oluvannyuma lw’emyaka ebikumi bisatu mu kyenda n’omu n’ennaku kkumi na ttaano, Obusiraamu bubeerera kuziyizibwa nga abaMillerite “bagolokoka” wansi w’obuyinza obw’obunnabbi obukiikirirwa mu biraga “amakumi asatu mu munaana n’amakumi ana,” nga bwe kyalagibwa mu mateka agasooka ag’ebyafaayo bya Julayi 27, 1299 ne Julayi 27, 1449. Okugolokoka kw’Obusiraamu n’okugolokoka kw’ababaka ba Katonda ab’ennaku ez’oluvannyuma kikiikirirwa mu kabonero ak’ennamba akazimbibwa ku nkolagana y’ennamba 38 ne 40.

Mu Ezeekyeri essuula amakumi asatu mu musanvu, Obusiraamu bwe bubaka obw’empewo ey’ebuvanjuba efuuyirwa ku magumba amakalu ag’abafu, balyoke bayimirire ng’eggye ery’amaanyi. Obubaka bwa Ezeekyeri bwe butuuka, okutandika okuyimuka kutandika, nga bwe kyali mu byafaayo bya baMillerite ebya 1838 ne 1840. Obubaka obwo bwatuuka nga 9/11, era ku tteeka ly’Olwokubatuuka erya Ssande ery’okujja amangu, amagumba ago gayimirira ng’eggye ery’amaanyi. Okuyimusibwa kw’eggye lya Katonda ng’ekkanisa ey’obuwanguzi mu nnaku ez’oluvannyuma kulagibwa mu kifaananyi kya 1838 ne 1840. 9/11 okutuuka ku tteeka lya Ssande kwalagibwa mu kifaananyi kya 1840 okutuuka ku 1844, naye era kulaga n’ekiseera okuva nga Desemba 31, 2023 okutuuka ku bibiriro by’omuliro eby’e Nashville.

Okuva ku kugabanyibwamu kw’obwakabaka bwa Constantine ow’olubereberye (Omukulu), okutuuka ku Constantine ow’enkomerero, kikiikirira ebyafaayo eby’obunnabbi eby’e Bulaaya y’Ebuvanjuba. Noolwekyo, ekiseera eky’obunnabbi kiteekebwako akabonero ak’obunnabbi oba ak’obufaananyi akata ne mutabani, nga bwe kikiikirirwa erinnya lyabwe, wadde nga tewaaliwo lulyo lwa musaayi lwa butereevu wakati wa Constantine Omukulu ne Constantine ow’ekkumi n’omu. Constantine ow’olubereberye ne Constantine ow’enkomerero nabo bakiikirirwa mu nnabbi ng’obubonero bwa alufa ne omega, era kitaawe (alufa) yalonda Constantinople okuba ekibuga ekikulu, ate omwana (omega) n’afiira mu kuzingizibwa kw’ekibuga, Constantinople lwe kyakomawo obutaba kibuga kikulu. Ekiseera eky’obunnabbi eky’e Bulaaya y’Ebuvanjuba kiteekebwako akabonero ak’aba Constantine ow’olubereberye n’ow’enkomerero. Ekiseera eky’emyaka 150 ekyatandika nga 27 Julayi, 1299 kirimu ekiseera eky’emyaka 38 era kikomekkerezebwa n’okuzingizibwa okw’emyaka 40. Okuzingizibwa okwo kwali kifaananyi kya 1449 okutuuka ku 1453. Olutalo lw’e Nicomedia lwatandika n’ettaka okuwangulwa era ne lukoma ng’ekibuga ekikulu eky’ettaka eryo kiwanguddwa. Nga bwe kyali ku Constantine ow’olubereberye n’ow’enkomerero, okuwangulwa kwa Nicomedia kwatandika ne kitaawe (ow’olubereberye) era ne kukomekkerezebwa n’omwana (ow’enkomerero).

Okuzingizibwa okw’emyaka ena mu kiseera ekyasooka eky’emyaka kikumi mu ataano ekyaviirako emyaka ena okuva ku kunyoomwa kwa Constantine ow’oluvannyuma mu 1449 okutuuka mu 1453, Konstantinopoole bwe yazingizibwa n’egwa. Obunnabbi bw’ekiseera obw’akabi akookubiri, obukiikirira emyaka ebikumi bisatu mu kyenda mu gumu n’ennaku kkumi na ttaano, bwatandika nga July 27, 1449 era ne bukoma nga August 11, 1840. Olunaku olwo lwe lutegeeza okutandika kw’ekiseera eky’emyaka ena, Sister White kye yayita okulabisibwa okw’ekitiibwa okw’amaanyi ga Katonda.

Obusiraamu bwaziyizibwa nga 11 Agusto, 1840 era waaliwo ekiseera eky’emyaka ena ekikwatagana n’okufukibwako kw’Omwoyo Omutukuvu ku Pentekoote, era n’okukka kw’omumalayika ow’amaanyi owa Okubikkulirwa essuula kkumi n’omunaana, “ebizimbe ebinene” ebya New York bwe byakubibwa Obusiraamu obw’ekibonyoobonyo eky’okusatu ku 9/11. 9/11 eraga entandikwa y’ekiseera eky’okuteekebwako akabonero kw’abo akasiriivu mu bunaana mu binaana mu binaana mu binaana mu binaana n’abana. Okuteekebwako akabonero kye kiseera ekigere, era enkomerero y’ekiseera eky’okuteekebwako akabonero erina engeri ezifaanana n’entandikwa y’ekiseera ekyo. Kristo bwe yakkira ku 9/11, yalaga ku Mikayiri ng’akka okuzuukiza abajulirwa bombi nga 31 Desemba, 2023, ekiseera eky’enkomerero eky’okuteekebwako akabonero bwe kyatandika.

Ekisumuluzo, kye lutalo lwa Nineve, kikiikirira okutebwa okw’enjawulo okw’Obusiraamu, ebyandisuulawo Rooma ey’ebuvanjuba mu 1453. Munda mu myaka kikumi mu ataano egy’“emyyezi etaano” egya olunyiriri olw’ekkumi, entandikwa era n’enkomerero byombi birimu ebbanga lya myaka ena. Ebbanga eryo ebbiri ery’emyaka ena likwatagana n’okukomekkerezebwa kw’emyaka ebikumi bisatu mu kyenda mu gumu n’ennaku kkumi n’taano, ebyalamba ebbanga lya myaka ena okuva mu 1840 okutuuka mu 1844, Kristo lwe yandimulisizza “ensi yonna n’ekitiibwa kye.” Mu 1844, obudde obw’obunnabbi bwalekera awo okukozesebwa, kubanga obudde bwandibadde “tebukyaliwo nate.”

Emisittalo egyo egy’emyaka ena egya emyaka ena gikwatagana n’ekiseera eky’okuteekebwako akabonero okuva nga 9/11 okutuuka ku tteeka lya Ssande, era era gikwatagana ne ffulakitaali ya 9/11 okutuuka ku tteeka lya Ssande eragiddwa okuva nga December 31, 2023 okutuusa Obusiraamu lwe buliddamu okuteebwa mu ddembe okuweereza emipiira gy’omuliro egya Nashville.

Ekitundu ekya nnabbi ekya okuva nga 31 Desemba, 2023 okutuuka ku mipira gy’omuliro egy’e Nashville kiragiddwa mu biseera bya nnabbi bisatu eby’emyaka ena, byonna nga bikwatagana n’ekiseera eky’okuteekebwako akabonero okuva ku 9/11 okutuuka ku tteeka lya Ssande. N’olwekyo, abajulirwa bana balaga ebyafaayo okuva nga 31 Desemba, 2023 okutuuka ku bulumbaganyi bwa Nashville, era yali ntalo ya Nineeve eri “ekisumuluzo” eri buli omu ku bajulirwa bano. 1333, 1449, 1840 ne 9/11 byonna byali bifo eby’okukyuka— “ebisumuluzo.”

Oluvannyuma lw’okufuuka omufuzi w’obwakabaka mu mwaka 284, mu 293, Diocletian yalonda Nikomediya okuba ekibuga ekikulu eky’ebuvanjuba eky’Obwakabaka bwa Rooma bwe yagabanya mu mateeka obwakabaka mu Buvanjuba n’Obugwanjuba, ng’assaawo enkola ya Tetrarchy. Nikomediya yaweereza ng’ekibuga ekikulu eky’obufuzi n’ebyamagye mu Buvanjuba okumala emyaka egiwerako. Constantine Omukulu yakikozesa ng’ekifo ky’asinziirako nga tannasalawo kuzimba ekibuga ekikulu ekipya ku Byzantium eyali okumpi (kye yatuuma Constantinople mu 330). Ne bwe waali nga Constantinople efuuse ekibuga ekikulu ekisinga obukulu, Nikomediya yasigala nga kifo kikulu eky’omu kitundu, nga kiri mu kifo eky’amagezi ku lubalama olw’ebuvanjuba olw’Ennyanja ya Marmara. N’olwekyo, wadde nga tekyali kibuga kikulu kya lubeerera nga Rooma oba Constantinople, Nikomediya yalangibwa mu butongole ng’ekibuga ekikulu eky’ebuvanjuba mu kiseera eky’enkyukakyuka ekikulu mu byafaayo bya Rooma. Ku ntandikwa y’emyaka kikumi mu ataano ekibuga ekikulu eky’e Rooma ey’ebuvanjuba kiwanguddwa, era ne ku nkomerero ekibuga ekikulu eky’e Rooma ey’ebuvanjuba kiwanguddwa. Okuwangulwa kwombi kwalimu okuzingiza ekibuga.

Omukama wa Rooma Diocletian yafuula mu butongole Nicomedia ekibuga ekikulu eky’ebuvanjuba eky’Obwakabaka bwa Rooma bwe yateekawo enkola ya Tetrarchy mu mwaka gwa 293. Enkola ya Tetrarchy yali erimu okugabanya Obwakabaka mu bitundu bibiri, eky’ebugwanjuba n’eky’ebuvanjuba; era byombi, obuvanjuba n’obugwanjuba, nga birina omukama omukulu (Augusti) n’omukama omuto (Caesar), okutuukiriza omuwendo gw’ena ogukiikirirwa ekigambo “tetrarchy”.

Diocletian lwe kabonero ka omega ak’ekiikirira ekkanisa y’e Smurna, era Nero lwe kabonero ka alpha. Constantine Omukulu lwe kabonero ka alpha ak’ekiikirira ekkanisa y’e Perugamo, era Justinian lwe kabonero ka omega.

Okugabana kwa Rooma mu ngeri ey’“amateeka” okugiyingiza mu buvanjuba n’obugwanjuba (ekitaawangaala) kwatuukirizibwa Diocletian, era okugabana kwa Rooma okw’obunnabbi mu buvanjuba n’obugwanjuba kwatuukirizibwa Constantine. Mu byafaayo by’ekkanisa eyokubiri ey’akabonero ey’okuyigganyizibwa, ekiikirira Simuna, Rooma yagabanyizibwa mu mateeka mu buvanjuba n’obugwanjuba; era mu byafaayo by’ekkanisa ey’okusatu ey’akabonero ey’okukompowozebwamu, ekiikirira Perugamo, Rooma yagabanyizibwa mu buvanjuba n’obugwanjuba mu ngeri ey’obunnabbi. 293 ye yali alufa era 330 ye yali omega, era nga May 11, 330, Constantine Omukulu yatukuza Constantinople ng’ekibuga ekikulu eky’Obwakabaka.

Okwawukana mu mateeka okwakolebwa ne Diocletian mu mwaka 293 kwasaasanyizibwa olutalo olw’omunda olwaddiridde ne lutuuka ku Kiragiro kya Milan mu mwaka 313, lwe Constantine ow’ebuvanjuba ne Licinius ow’ebugwanjuba bafulumya Ekiragiro kya Milan, ne bafuula Obukristaayo obukkirizibwa mu mateeka, era ne kibeesaawo mu ngeri ey’omuwendo enkomerero ya Tetrarchy—enkola y’abafuga bana abaakolaganiranga awamu eyagwa n’efuuka okuvuganya wakati w’amaanyi abiri amakulu (Constantine mu Bugwanjuba ne Licinius mu Buvanjuba). Okwawukana okwo okw’amateeka, okwaleeta okugwa kw’enkola, kukiikirira ebbanga ery’emyaka amakumi abiri okuva ku kwawukana okumu okutuuka ku kwawukana okulala, era okwawukana kwombi kwaviirako okugwa kw’enkola eyo.

Ekkanisa y’e Smurna yatandika ne Nero mu mwaka gwa 64, omuliro omunene ogwakwata Rooma bwe gwakozesebwa Nero okuyigganya Abakristaayo, be Nero gwe yavunaana nti be baatandika omuliro ogwo. Nero alaga entandikwa y’okuyigganyizibwa era afaananyisa okuyigganyizibwa okw’enkomerero okw’ennaku ez’oluvannyuma. Okuyigganyizibwa okwo okw’enkomerero kweyongera okutuusa okwegereza lwe kunaaggalwawo, obuyinza bwa paapa lwe bulituuka ku nkomerero yaabwo nga tewali aliyamba. Bwe kityo, ekiseera ekisooka eky’okuyigganyizibwa kyatandika n’okwokya kwa Rooma, era kiggwaako n’okwokya kwa Rooma.

Ekkanisa ya Simulaana yatandika ne Nero mu mwaka gwa 64, omuliro omukulu ogw’e Rooma bwe gwakozesebwa Nero okuyigganya Abakristaayo, be Nero gwe yavunaana okutandika omuliro. Oluvannyuma lw’emyaka ebikumi bibiri mu amakumi ataano, lwakoma mu 313 n’Ekiragiro kya Milan. “Ekiragiro” kye nkomerero y’ekiseera eky’emyaka amakumi abiri ekyatandika n’okugabana okw’amateeka okwakolebwa Diocletian, era era kye kyali enkomerero y’emyaka ebikumi bibiri mu amakumi ataano egya Simulaana egyatandika ne Nero. Emyaka ebikumi bibiri mu amakumi ataano egy’okuyigganyizibwa, egikiikirirwa ekkanisa ya Simulaana ne Nero, gyalimu emyaka ekkumi egy’okuyigganyizibwa okusingira ddala obubi okwaletebwa Diocletian. Emyaka egyo ekkumi egy’okuyigganyizibwa gyali kitundu eky’oluvannyuma eky’emyaka amakumi abiri egya Diocletian egyatandika n’okugabana kwe okw’amateeka okw’obwakabaka mu 293. Okuva ku kugabana okw’amateeka okw’obuvanjuba n’obugwanjuba okwakolebwa Diocletian mu 293, kwatandika ekiseera eky’emyaka amakumi abiri ekyali kigattiddwaamu ebiseera bibiri eby’emyaka ekkumi.

Diocletian yagabanya mu mateeka obwakabaka mu buvanjuba n’obugwanjuba, bw’atyo ng’akuba ekifaananyi eky’obunnabbi eky’okugabana ekyatuukirizibwa ne Constantine. Okugabana kwa Diocletian kwali kwa buvanjuba n’obugwanjuba, naye kwalimu abafuga babiri mu buvanjuba n’abafuga babiri mu bugwanjuba. Omufuga omukulu omu n’omufuga ow’okubiri omu eri buli kitundu. Nga 23 February, 303, Diocletian yafulumya ekisooka ku biragiro eby’enjawulo ebiyitibwa ‘edicts’ ebyaweebwa okulwanyisa Abakristaayo, ekintu ekyalamula okutandika kw’Okuyigganyizibwa Okunene, (era okuyitibwa Okuyigganyizibwa kwa Diocletian), okuyigganyizibwa kw’Abakristaayo okusinga obukambwe era okwagazi mu Bwakabaka bwa Rooma.

Okuyigganya Okukulu kweyongera mu mirembe gy’abaddirira Diocletian (naddala Galerius) okutuusa mu 313, lwe kwakoma olw’Ekiragiro kya Milan. Nero kye kabonero akasooka akaayoleka okuyigganyizibwa okwafaananira Diocletian ng’okuyigganyizibwa okw’enkomerero okw’ekiseera kya obunnabbi ekikiikiriddwa ekkanisa y’e Smurna. Okuyigganyizibwa kwakomera ku bufumbo bwa bya byobufuzi n’endagaano wakati wa Constantine ow’ebuvanjuba ne Licinius ow’ebugwanjuba. Mu mwezi gwa Febwali 313, Constantine ne Licinius baasangaana e Milan ne bafulumya Ekiragiro kya Milan, ekyawa Abakristaayo (n’abalala) obugumiikiriza mu by’eddiini mu bwakabaka bwonna. Okunyweza omukago gwabwe ogwa bya byobufuzi, Licinius yawasa Constantia (mwannyina wa Constantine ow’olubali lwa kitaawe) mu kiseera kino oba okumpi nakyo. Obufumbo buno bwali mukago gwa bya byobufuzi ogw’Abaruumi ogw’ekika eky’ennono—nga gukakasa endagaano wakati w’abempera bano bombi era ne guyamba okutebenkeza obwakabaka okumala akaseera oluvannyuma lw’emyaka egy’entalo ez’omunda mu ggwanga. Omukago ogwo tegwaamala bbanga ddene. Oluvannyuma Constantine ne Licinius baalwana bokka na bokka, era Constantine n’awangula Licinius mu 324, n’afuuka omufuzi omu yekka.

Okuva ku Nero okutuuka ku Constantine, ekiseera eky’obunnabbi eky’e Smurna eky’emyaka bibiri mu ataano kyatuukirizibwa, era mu 313 ne kitandika ekkanisa y’e Perugamo, ekkanisa ey’okukkiriziganya, n’ekoma ku kkanisa y’e Siyatira mu 538. Emyaka ebiri mu ataano egy’e Smurna gyali gikiikirira ekiseera eky’okuyigganyizibwa, era ku nkomerero y’ekiseera ekigazi kyonna, okuyigganyizibwa kwa Diocletian ne kutuukiriza “ennaku kkumi” eziri mu Okubikkulirwa (emyaka kkumi), nga ekiseera ekisinga obubi eky’okuyigganyizibwa kikiikirira ekitundu ekifaanana n’ekiseera kyonna. Emyaka egyo kkumi kitundu ekifaanana n’emyaka ebiri mu ataano. Emyaka egyo kkumi gikiikirira omega ey’okuyigganyizibwa kwa Nero, era ku nkomerero yaagyo ne wabaawo okwawukana kwa omega okw’obwakabaka mu buvanjuba ne bugwanjuba.

Sumeerina yatandika ku kwokya kwa Rooma mu 64 ne kikoma emyaka ebiri mu ataano oluvannyuma mu 313 n’Ekiragiro kya Milano n’obufumbo bwa bya byobufuzi obw’ebuvanjuba n’obw’ebugwanjuba. Ekitundu kya myaka ekkumi eky’okuyigganyizibwa kyatandika mu 303 ne kikoma mu 313 n’Ekiragiro kya Milano n’obufumbo bwa bya byobufuzi obw’ebuvanjuba n’obw’ebugwanjuba. Emyaka amakumi abiri egyatandika n’okwawukana okw’amateeka okw’ebuvanjuba n’obw’ebugwanjuba mu 293 okuva eri Diocletian yakoma mu 313 n’obufumbo bwa bya byobufuzi obw’ebuvanjuba n’obw’ebugwanjuba. Endagaano y’obufumbo eya 313 wakati w’ebuvanjuba n’obw’ebugwanjuba yakoma n’okwawukana kwa 324, Konstantino bwe yawangula Licinius ow’ebugwanjuba n’afuuka omufuzi yekka owa Rooma. Okwawukana okw’obunnabbi okwa 324 kwajja emyaka esatu oluvannyuma lw’etteeka eryasooka ery’Olwokuna mu 321.

Emyaka ekkumi n’omusanvu okuva mu 313 okutuuka mu 330 giraga obufumbo obw’ebyobufuzi, n’enkomerero y’okuyigganyizibwa okwakiikirirwa Simirina ne Nero, era n’entandikwa y’ekkanisa ey’okukkiriza okutabula eyakiikirirwa Perugamo. Entandikwa ya Perugamo mu 313 ku bufumbo obwo, yagobererwa entandikwa y’okuyigganyizibwa eyaatandika ku tteeka ly’olunaku lwa Ssande eryasooka mu 321. Ekyo ne kigobererwa okwawukana okw’obunnabbi okwa 324, okwaleeta obuvanjuba n’obugwanjuba mu bwakabaka bumu wansi wa Konsitayini. Emyaka mukaaga oluvannyuma, mu 330, okwawulwamu obuvanjuba n’obugwanjuba ne kuddamu okwolesebwa mu ngeri ey’obunnabbi. Emyaka egyo ekkumi n’omusanvu gikiikirira ebbanga ery’alpha ery’ekkanisa ya Perugamo eryandigenze mu maaso okutuusa ekkanisa ya Siyatira lwe yatuuka mu byafaayo eby’obunnabbi mu 538. Ebbanga eryo ery’alpha lyandikiikiridde ebyafaayo eby’omega ku nkomerero y’ebanga okuva mu 330 okutuuka mu 538. Ebyafaayo eby’omega ebya Perugamo bikiikirira ebbanga lya 496, 508 ne 533.

Potolemaayo ow’entalo y’e Raphia yafuga “emyaka kkumi na musanvu,” era waaliwo “emyaka kkumi na musanvu” wakati w’entalo y’e Raphia n’entalo y’e Panium. Emyaka egyo kkumi na musanvu mu ngeri ey’akabonero gikwatagana n’emyaka kkumi na musanvu okuva mu 313 okutuuka mu 330. Emyaka ebibiri mu ataano egya Nero egy’e Smyrna gyaleeta ku myaka kkumi na musanvu egyasooka egy’ekkanisa y’e Pergamo, era gikwatagana n’emyaka ebibiri mu ataano egyatandika ku kiragiro eky’okusatu mu 457 BC, entandikwa y’emyaka 2300 egyoogerwako mu Danyeri essuula ey’omunaana n’olunyiriri olw’ekkumi n’ennya, era eno y’emusingi era empagi enkulu eya Adventismu. Abajulirwa bombi ab’emyaka ebibiri mu ataano bakwatagana n’emyaka ebibiri mu ataano egy’obwakabaka obw’omukaaga obw’obunnabbi obw’omu Bayibuli obwatandika mu 1776 era obuggwa omwaka guno mu 2026.

Abaasookera b’Obu-Adventisiti tebaalaba wadde okutegeera emyaka kkumi na musanvu egy’omu 313 okutuuka ku 330, kubanga mu 1844 baali tebannategeera nsonga ya Ssabbiiti ey’olunaku olw’omusanvu oba olunaku lw’enjuba. Naye era baategeera emyaka kikumi mu ataano egy’olunyiriri olw’ekkumi olwa Okubikkulirwa essuula ey’omwenda, era ne gifuuka entandikwa y’ekiseera ekyaviiramu emyaka ebikumi bisatu mu kyenda mu gumu n’ennaku kkumi na ttaano, ekyakoma nga August 11, 1840. Okutegeera okwo kwaleeta “okweyoleka okw’amaanyi okw’Obuyinza bwa Katonda” okw’amaanyi.

Abaasooka tebaategeera kiseera ekyokubiri eky’emyaka kikumi mu ataano ekiri mu Kubikkulirwa omwenda. Okutegeera kwabwe okw’omusingi kwe kuteekawo omutendera ogwo “omusana omuggya” ogwa Kubikkulirwa omwenda kwe guzimbiddwa. Omusana ogwo guggulwawo “ekisumuluzo” eky’olutalo lwa Nineeve. “Ekisumuluzo” ekyo kisobozesa omuyizi w’obunnabbi okutegeera obwakabaka bwonna obw’obunnabbi bwa Bayibuli obulagibwa mu Danyeri ne mu Kubikkulirwa. Babulooni, Obumeedi ne Buperusiya, Buyonaani, obwakabaka bwa Serewukko ne Putolemaayo, obwakabaka bwa Mohammed, era ekisinga obukulu kigulumiza obwakabaka bwa Rooma nga kilaga okutumbuka n’okugwa si kwa Rooma kwokka, wabula n’obwakabaka bwa Rooma ey’ebuvanjuba ne Rooma ey’ebugwanjuba, era ne Amerika (nnabbi ow’obulimba), obwapapa (ensolo), n’Amawanga Amagatte (ogusota). Okutumbuka n’okugwa kwonna okw’obwakabaka buno kuwa obujulirwa eri entambula z’ogusota, ensolo, ne nnabbi ow’obulimba ezikomekkereza nga zireeta ensi yonna ku Alimageddoni. Entambula eyo eragibwa mu nnyiriri mukaaga ezisembayo eza Danyeri kkumi na omu, era okutandika kw’entambula eyo kulagibwa mu byafaayo ebyekusifu eby’olunyiriri olw’amakumi ana.

Olutalo lw’e Nineeve lutuwa ekifo eky’obunnabbi eky’okujulirako okusobozesa okukwataganya obujulirwa bw’obwakabaka bwa Rooma, obwakabaka bwa Rooma obw’ebuvanjuba n’obw’ebugwanjuba, ne Rooma obwapaapa mu nnukuta y’ebigenda okubaawo mu biro eby’enkomerero. N’olwekyo, olutalo lw’e Nineeve kye kisumuluzo ekiraga mu bujjuvu obujulirwa obw’enjawulo obw’obunnabbi obukwata ku Rooma, era ng’olunyiriri olw’ekkumi n’ennya olwa Danyeri kkumi n’omu bwe lulaga, Rooma ye nnyweza okwolesebwa. Ekisumuluzo ekireeta emigga egyo awamu lwe lutalo lw’e Nineeve.

Mu kiwandiiko kyaffe ekiddako, tunaatandika okugatta awamu ebiwandiiko bitaano ebyayita ebikwata ku bibonerezo eby’Okubikkulirwa essuula ey’omwenda.