Igitabo cya Daniyeli - Ijambo rya Mbere n’Ijana n’Indwi

Mu wa 1844, Abaporotesitanti bo muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika bikuye mu rugendo rw’Abamilerite maze bafata umwanya wabo wa gihanuzi nk’umukobwa wa Babuloni, nk’uko byagereranyijwe na Yerobowamu washyizeho gahunda y’impimbano yo kuramya ubwo imiryango ye cumi yo mu majyaruguru yatandukanyaga n’ubwami bwo mu majyepfo bwa Yuda. Inyana ebyiri za zahabu za Yerobowamu, imwe mu murwa wa Beteli (bisobanura “inzu y’Imana”/Itorero), indi i Dani (bisobanura urubanza/Leta), zagereranyaga gahunda y’ikinyoma y’Itorero na Leta, ari yo igereranya Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika. Ibice byose byari bigize gahunda y’impimbano ya Yerobowamu y’itorero na leta byari byarashushanyijwe hakurikijwe rwa rwego nyarwo rwari rwarashyizweho mu bugome bwo kwigomeka kwa Aroni. Ni cyo cyatumye gahunda y’impimbano ya Yerobowamu yo kuramya yabaye ishusho ya gahunda y’impimbano ya Aroni yo kuramya.

Uburyo bw’impimbano bwa Yerobowamu bwagereranyaga gahunda yo gusenga Ubuporotesitanti bwashyigikiye igihe bwitandukanyaga n’umurimo w’umumalayika wa mbere maze bukaba umukobwa, cyangwa ishusho y’inyamaswa y’Abaroma y’ubupapa. Mu gihe nyir’izina Yerobowamu yashyiragaho ubwo buryo bwe bw’impimbano, umuhanuzi waturutse i Buyuda yahagurukiye guhangana n’igicaniro cye hamwe n’ubwo buryo bw’ikinyoma bwo gusenga. Mu wa 1844, mu ntangiriro nyir’izina z’uruhare rw’Ubuporotesitanti bw’ubuhakanyi mu gushyiraho gahunda yo gusenga igereranywa nk’umukobwa wa Roma, aba-Millerite, ku bwo kwizera, binjiye Ahera Cyane h’Ubuturo Bwera bwo mu ijuru kandi bemera Isabato, bityo bahinduka igihano cy’ubuhanuzi ku bakobwa ba Roma, bahisemo gukomeza kwizihiza ikimenyetso cy’ubutware bwa Roma—gusenga ku Cyumweru.

Umuhanuzi w’u Buyuda wahanganye na Yerobowamu, maze aho ngaho atangaza ubuhanuzi.

Ubuhanuzi bwari bukubiyemo isubirwamo ry’ijambo “igicaniro.” Isubirwamo ry’ijambo cyangwa interuro mu buhanuzi rihagararira ikimenyetso cy’ubutumwa bw’umumarayika wa kabiri, bityo bukagaragaza umwaka wa 1844, igihe umumarayika wa kabiri yazaga kandi Ubuporotesitanti bukagwa, bugahinduka umukobwa wa Babuloni. Muri icyo gihe kimwe umuhanuzi yatanze ikimenyetso, nk’uko Abamileriti mu 1844 bamenye ikimenyetso cy’Isabato. Nk’uko Yerobowamu yashyiraga umuhanuzi mu kaga mu mirongo ikurikira, ukuboko kwe kwarahinamiranye, bityo bikaba byerekeza ku kimenyetso cya Babuloni gishyirwa ku gahato haba mu gahanga cyangwa ku kuboko, kandi iyo umuntu akakiriye mu buryo bw’umwuka bimugaza iteka ryose.

Ku bw’iyi nyigisho, turimo gusuzuma ubuhanuzi umuhanuzi yatanze agaragaza ko “umwana azavukira inzu ya Dawidi, yitwa Yosiya; kandi kuri wowe ni ho azatambira abatambyi b’ahakorerwaga ibitambo byo mu mpinga batwika imibavu kuri wowe, kandi amagufwa y’abantu azatwikirwa kuri wowe.” Yosiya bisobanura “urufatiro rw’Imana”, kandi agereranya imfatiro z’Ubwadivantisiti zubatswe muri ayo mateka nyene yagereranyijwe no gutangiza kwa Yerobowamu gahunda ye y’ibinyoma yo gusenga. Kuri iyo gahunda y’ibinyoma yo gusenga yashyizweho na Yerobowamu, Yosiya yari kuzahana abatambyi bayoboye muri uko gusenga kw’impimbano.

Umuhanuzi ntiyumviye itegeko ry’Umwami ryo kutagaruka anyuze mu nzira yari yanyuzemo ajya mu irahira rya Yerobowamu, kandi no kutarya cyangwa ngo anywe i Beteli. Igihe yariye ibyokurya by’umuhanuzi w’ibinyoma w’i Beteli, yashyizweho nk’ikimenyetso cy’urupfu rwari kuzanirwa abari, nyuma ya 1844, kuzahitamo gusubira no kurya inyigisho n’uburyo bw’ibinyoma bwo guhanura bya Giporotesitanti cy’ubuhakanyi, nk’uko bigereranywa n’ubwigomeke bwo mu 1863. Igitanda cy’urupfu cy’abigometse mu 1863 cyari kuzaba ari na cyo gitanda cy’urupfu cy’umuhanuzi w’ibinyoma w’i Beteli. Igitanda cy’urupfu cya Giporotesitanti cy’ubuhakanyi cyari amateka yo ku wa 11 Kanama 1840 kugeza mu 1844, igihe bo, ari bo bahoze ari ubwoko bwatoranijwe bw’Imana, barengwagaho, maze bahinduka abakobwa ba Roma. Igitanda cy’urupfu cya Adiventizimu y’i Lawodikiya na cyo kizaba hagati y’itariki igihe marayika ukomeye yamanukaga ku wa 11 Nzeri 2001, nk’uko yari yarabigenje mu 1840, n’isaha y’umutingito ukomeye, ushushanya itegeko ry’Umunsi w’Icyumweru rigiye kuza vuba.

Ku wa 11 Nzeri 2001, gutangira gushyirwaho ikimenyetso kw’abihumbi ijana na mirongo ine na bine byaratangiye, maze marayika atangira kunyura i Yerusalemu ashyira ikimenyetso ku gahanga k’abaniha kandi bakaririra ibizira bikorerwa mu gihugu (Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika), no mu itorero (Adiventisimu y’i Lawodikiya). Ku wa 11 Nzeri 2001, ibyaha bya ba sekuruza bishushanywa n’ibizira bine byo muri Ezekiyeli byahindutse ukuri kugerageza kwo muri gahunda yo gushyirwaho ikimenyetso yahise itangira.

Ikigeragezo cyo mu 1863 cyarebanaga n’ishingiro ry’umuryango wa Millerite nk’uko ryagaragajwe n’“ibihe birindwi” byo muri Lewi makumyabiri na gatandatu byari byaranenzwe mu 1863. Icyo kigeragezo cyari gikubiyemo ubushake cyangwa kutifuza gusubira mu nzira za kera za Yeremiya kugira ngo habonwe uburuhukiro bw’imvura y’itumba ya nyuma. Ikigeragezo cyo mu 1888 cyari ubutumwa bwahawe itorero ry’i Lawodikiya nk’uko bwazanywe n’Abakuru Jones na Waggoner, kandi bwari na bwo butumwa bwo gutsindishirizwa no kwizera.

Mu 1856, ubutumwa bugenewe i Lawodikiya bwageze bwa mbere mu rugendo rw’Abamilleri, kandi bwageze buzanye umucyo warushijeho kwiyongera w’“ibihe birindwi”; ariko kandi, byombi—ubunararibonye bugereranywa n’imiti ikubiye mu butumwa bugenewe i Lawodikiya, n’ubutumwa bw’amateka y’ubuhanuzi—byarahakanywe mu 1863. Ubwo bunararibonye bwagereranywaga n’iyerekwa (mareh) ry’“ukugaragara”, ndetse n’iyerekwa (chazon) ry’“amateka y’ubuhanuzi”, byombi byarahakanywe. Ayo mayerekwa yombi yari yarabonye isohozwa ryayo ku wa 22 Ukwakira 1844, maze nyuma y’imyaka cumi n’icyenda yombi arahakanwa, kuko Yesu buri gihe ahuza iherezo n’intangiriro.

Ku wa 11 Nzeri 2001, ikigeragezo cy’ubwigomeke bwo mu 1863 n’ubwo mu 1888 cyongeye kuba ukuri kugerageza, kuko byombi byari bifitanye isano n’inzira za kera za Yeremiya. Kuri uwo munsi ubutumwa bw’imvura y’itumba ryo hanyuma bwaje, kandi n’ikigeragezo cyo mu 1919 na cyo cyaje, kuko mu 1919 ubutumwa bwiza bw’ibinyoma bwa Kristo udafite icyo ahuriyeho n’ubusobanuro ubwo ari bwo bwose bw’ubuhanuzi bwashyizwe ahagaragara nk’ubutumwa bw’impimbano bw’“amahoro n’umutekano.” Igihe marayika ukomeye wo mu Ibyahishuwe igice cya cumi n’umunani yamanukaga ku wa 11 Nzeri 2001, umurongo wa mbere kugeza ku wa gatatu wasohoye, kandi imirongo ya mbere kugeza ku wa gatatu ihagarariye ubutumwa bw’“ijwi rya mbere.”

Igihe marayika wo mu Ibyahishuwe igice cya cumi n’umunani yageraga, imvura y’itumba ya nyuma yatangiye kunyanyagiza, kandi “impaka z’ubuhanuzi” zigereranywa mu gitabo cya Habakuki igice cya kabiri zatangiye. Izzo mpaka zari zerekeye uburyo bubiri bwo gusobanukirwa ubuhanuzi bwa Bibiliya, ndetse n’ubutumwa bw’imvura y’itumba ya nyuma bw’ikinyoma n’ubw’ukuri. Izo mpaka zirangira igihe “ijwi rya kabiri” ryo mu Ibyahishuwe cumi n’umunani rigeze maze rikagaragaza itangira ry’urubanza nyubahirizategeko rw’Imana kuri Babuloni ya none, kandi rigahamagara izindi ntama z’Imana zisohoke muri Babuloni. Ukuza kw’iryo jwi rya kabiri kuranga iherezo ry’amateka yo gushyirwaho ikimenyetso kwa bantu ibihumbi ijana na mirongo ine na bine, kugaragazwa n’ikizira cya kane, na cyo kikagereranya igisekuru cya kane kandi cya nyuma cy’Abadiventisti b’i Lawodikiya nk’abunamira izuba, ku gihe cy’itegeko ryo ku Cyumweru rigiye kuza vuba.

Igitanda cy’urupfu rw’Ubuporotesitanti bwahakanye ukwizera, hagati yo kumanuka kw’umumarayika no gufungwa kw’umuryango mu 1844, cyashushanyaga igitanda cy’urupfu rw’Ubwadiventisimu bw’i Lawodikiya hagati yo kumanuka kw’umumarayika no gufungwa kw’umuryango kw’itegeko rya vuba ry’icyumweru. Umuhanuzi wavuye i Buyuda yashyinguwe mu mva imwe n’umuhanuzi w’ibinyoma w’i Beteli, kandi igihe umwami Yosiya yatangizaga ivugurura rye, yahagaze imbere y’iyo mva nyine. Ivugurura ry’umwami Yosiya, izina rye risobanura “urufatiro rw’Imana”, ryatangiye igihe Imana yatangiraga kuyobora ubwoko Bwayo bwo mu minsi y’imperuka kubusubiza ku rufatiro ku wa 11 Nzeri 2001. Ivugurura rye ryari ryaratangiye igihe umurimo wo gusana urusengero watangiraga.

Ubuhanuzi bw’uko umwana yari kuzavuka akitwa Yosiya, bwerekana ku wa 11 Nzeri 2001, igihe marayika ukomeye yamanukaga maze akayobora ubwoko bwe bwo mu minsi y’imperuka gusubira mu nzira za kera. Uko kumanuka kwari kwarashushanyijwe mbere no kumanuka kwa wa wundi marayika ku wa 11 Kanama 1840. Uko kumanuka kwombi kwaranzwe no gusohozwa k’ubuhanuzi buvuga kuri Isilamu. Umuntu w’amateka izina rye rifitanye isano no kugaragaza mbere, no gutangaza mbere y’igihe ubuhanuzi bw’igihe bwerekeye Isilamu buboneka mu Byahishuwe igice cya cyenda umurongo wa cumi na gatanu, yari Yosiya.

Mu manuka yombi y’umumarayika avugwa mu Byahishuwe igice cya cumi cyangwa icya cumi n’umunani, izina “Yosiya” riragaragazwa. Josiah Litch yagejeje ubutumwa bwa Isilamu bwashohojwe ku wa 11 Kanama 1840, kandi ku wa 11 Nzeri 2001 ubuhanuzi bw’ivuka ry’umwana witwaga Yosiya, bwari bwaratangajwe n’umuhanuzi w’icyigomeke mu mateka ya Yerobowamu, bwarasohoye muri Adiventisime y’i Lawodikiya, ubwo umumarayika yayoboraga ubwoko Bwe bwo mu minsi y’imperuka kubugarura mu mateka y’ishingiro aho guhura kw’umuhanuzi w’icyigomeke na Yerobowamu kwari kwabonye ugusohora kwakwo. Ubuhamya bwa Bibiliya bwagaragaje ubuhanuzi bw’umuntu uzaza witwa Yosiya, kandi ubwo amateka yashushanyijwe n’umuhanuzi w’icyigomeke yasubirwagamo mu 1844, ubuhanuzi bwe bw’iryo zina bwongeye gushyirwa mu nkuru y’ubuhanuzi.

Ku wa 11 Nzeri 2001, Intare yo mu muryango wa Yuda yayoboye ubwoko bwayo bwo mu minsi y’imperuka ibugarura mu nzira za kera za Yeremiya, zagereranyaga imyaka mirongo ine n’itandatu Umutumwa w’Isezerano yamaze yubaka urusengero yagombaga kuza mo gitunguranye ku wa 22 Ukwakira 1844. Yosiya yari yabonye umuvumo wa Mose ubwo yatangizaga umurimo wo gusana urusengero. Umurimo w’ab’igihumbi ijana na mirongo ine na bine ugereranwa na Yesaya nk’umurimo wo gusana.

Umurimo wa Yosiya wo gusana no kugarura urusengero, ni wo murimo Yesaya agaragaza ko usohozwa n’ubwoko bw’Imana bwo mu minsi ya nyuma, kuko abahanuzi bose bavuga cyane iby’iminsi ya nyuma kurusha iminsi babayemo. Uwo murimo kandi washushanyijwe n’abavuye i Babuloni mu gihe cya Ezira.

Umurimo wakozwe na Ezira warangiye igihe bari bamaze gusohoka i Babuloni, kandi ugereranya umurimo wo gusubizaho urusengero Yosiya yakoraga, umurimo Yesaya yerekanye ko ari uw’ubwoko bw’Imana bwo mu minsi y’imperuka, kandi watangiye ku wa 11 Nzeri 2001. No mu Ibyahishuwe Yohana na we agaragaza uwo murimo.

Muri uyu murongo, Yohana ahagarariye Abamilerite bari bariye ubutumwa bwari mu kuboko kw’uwo mumalayika igihe yamanukaga ku wa 11 Kanama 1840, ariko kandi bari baragize no gusharirirwa gukomeye ko gutenguha kwabaye ku wa 22 Ukwakira 1844. Ahagaze kuri uko gutenguha gusharira ko mu 1844, Yohana yabwiwe ko we, nk’ikimenyetso cy’abantu b’Imana bo mu minsi y’imperuka, agomba gusubiramo uburambe bwagaragajwe n’igihe kuva mu 1840 kugeza mu 1844, bityo akerekana ibyari kuzabaho ku wa 11 Nzeri 2001 no kugera ku itegeko ryo ku Cyumweru rigiye kuza vuba. Yabwiwe ati: “Ugomba kongera guhanura imbere y’amoko menshi, n’amahanga, n’indimi, n’abami,” ibyo bikaba bigaragaza ko isi yose izamurikirwa igihe wa mumalayika amanutse mu Ibyahishuwe igice cya cumi n’umunani, igihe amateka y’Ibyahishuwe igice cya cumi asubiwemo—“umurongo ku murongo.”

Mu isano no kumenya amateka yari kuzongera kubaho igihe ubwoko bw’Imana bwo ku munsi wa nyuma bwari kongera guhanura, Yohana yabwiwe “guhaguruka akagera” urusengero rw’Imana. Uko “gupima” kwe kwaragaragajwe mu buryo bwihariye, kuko yari yashyizwe mu mwaka wa 1844, aho igifu cye cyagizwe umururazi n’ugucika intege ko ku wa 22 Ukwakira. Yabwiwe gupima urusengero, ariko akareka urugo rw’inyuma, kuko yari yabwiwe ko rugereranya igihe cy’Abanyamahanga, igihe bari kuzakandagirira urwo rugo imyaka igihumbi na magana abiri na mirongo itandatu. Iyo myaka igihumbi na magana abiri na mirongo itandatu yarangiye mu 1798. Yohana yagombaga gutangira gupima kwe mu 1798, akareka ya myaka igihumbi na magana abiri na mirongo itandatu yabanje, ubwo urusengero rwo mu buryo bw’umwuka na Yerusalemu yo mu buryo bw’umwuka byari byarakandagiwe. Yari ahagaze ku gucika intege ko mu 1844, bityo rero kuva mu 1798 kugeza mu 1844 ni imyaka mirongo ine n’itandatu. Iyo myaka mirongo ine n’itandatu igereranya urusengero.

Igihe Yohana, nk’uko ubwoko bw’Imana bwo mu minsi y’imperuka bwagombaga kongera guhanura nk’uko bwabigenje kuva mu 1840 kugeza mu 1844, bari gutangira igihe marayika yamanukaga mu isohozwa ry’ubuhanuzi bwerekeye Isilamu. Umurimo wabo wo kongera guhanura wari gusaba umurimo wo gupima urusengero, kandi uwo murimo wari guhagararira iperereza ry’“inzira za kera”, ari yo mateka yagereranyijwe n’“urusengero”, yatangiye mu gihe cy’iherezo mu 1798, ikarangirana no gutenguherwa gukomeye kwo mu 1844. Igihe batangiraga umurimo wabo wo gukora iperereza ku nzira za kera za Yeremiya, ari ryo “rusengero rw’imyaka mirongo ine n’itandatu” rwa Yohana, umuvumo wa Mose wabonetse mu myanda yari itatanye hirya no hino mu rusengero, kandi ubuhanuzi bwa Yosiya wagombaga kuza burasohora. Umurimo wa Yosiya wongera no kugaragazwa na Yesaya:

Abantu b’Imana bo mu minsi y’imperuka bagombaga kugarura “inzira zo guturwamo,” ari zo “nzira za kera” za Yeremiya. Bagombaga kongera kubaka ahantu ha kera hashenywe, nk’uko abakozi bo mu mateka ya Yosiya na Ezira babikoraga. Bagombaga gukoresha uburyo bw’“umurongo kuri umurongo,” kuko batari gusa “kuzamura” amateka y’ishingiro y’Abadivantisiti, ashushanywa n’urusengero rw’imyaka mirongo ine n’itandatu, ahubwo mu kubigenza batyo bagombaga “kuzamura urufatiro rw’ibisekuru byinshi.” Bagombaga kugaragaza ko buri rugendo rw’ivugurura rugereranya umurimo w’ishingiro, kandi ko “umurongo kuri umurongo” werekana urufatiro rwo mu minsi y’imperuka rwo kuva mu 1798 kugeza mu 1844. Bagombaga gusana “icyuho,” kandi icyo cyuho gishushanya isenyuka rya mbere mu cyombo cyangwa mu rukuta rifungura inzira y’ibindi byago. “Icyuho” cyagombaga gusanwa cyari ubugome bwo kwigomeka bwo mu 1863.

Igihe Yosiya yahageraga ku wa 11 Nzeri 2001, ubwoko bw’Imana bwo mu minsi y’imperuka bwasubiye ku nzira za kera za Yeremiya maze butangira gupima amateka y’Abamillerite. Bwavumbuye “ikinyuranyo.” Bumenya ukuri kw’imitako yo mu nzozi za Miller ubwo bwubakaga “ahari harasenyutse ha kera.” Bwavumbuye “ibihe birindwi,” nk’uko na Yosiya yari yarabigenje, maze busubizaho ukuri ko mu Balewi makumyabiri na gatandatu, bityo buzamura “amatongo ya mbere.” Igihe busubizagaho amatongo “ya mbere” n’“aya nyuma” yo mu Balewi makumyabiri na gatandatu, ni bwo bwamenye ko rimwe ryarangiye mu 1798 irindi rikarangira mu 1844. Bityo umurimo wabwo wo kuzamura amatongo ya mbere, ni wo wari wa “mubago” Yohana yahawe wamushoboje gupima urusengero.

Intare yo mu muryango wa Yuda yayoboye ubwoko bwayo kubagarura mu nzira za kera, kugira ngo babone ubutumwa bw’imvura y’itumba, kandi ubutumwa bw’imvura y’itumba ni ubutumwa bwa Isilamu bwo muri ibyo byago bya gatatu. Igihe amaherezo bavumburaga ya mbonerahamwe ebyiri zera za Habakuki, nk’uko zigereranywa n’imbonerahamwe z’abapayiniya zo mu 1843 no mu 1850, babonye ko urufatiro rwakubiyemo “ibyago bitatu” byo mu Ibyahishuwe igice cya munani, kandi ko icyago cya kabiri cyari cyararangiye mu mateka y’urufatiro aho urusengero rw’Abamilerite rwari rwarubatswe. Nuko bamenya ko gusobanukirwa n’itegeko ry’imikoreshereze gatatu y’ubuhanuzi kwari kwaramaze gushyirwaho n’Intare yo mu muryango wa Yuda, kugira ngo ubwo bagarukaga mu nzira za kera za Yeremiya, bashobore kumenya “ikiruhuko n’ugusubizwamo imbaraga”, ari bwo butumwa bw’imvura y’itumba bwo mu cyago cya gatatu, bugaragazwa kandi bugashyirwaho n’abahamya babiri bo mu byago bya mbere n’ibya kabiri.

Tuzakomeza iki cyigisho mu nyandiko ikurikira.