Lawodikiya — Umubare wa Kabiri

Ni ngombwa cyane, kugira ngo umuntu asobanukirwe ubutumwa buri gukurwaho ikimenyetso mu gitabo cy’Ibyahishuwe, kumenya inkomoko, uko Ivugurura ry’Abaporotesitanti ryateye imbere, n’akamaro karyo. Imirongo itatu y’ingenzi mu mateka y’iryo Vugurura ivuga kuri Bibiliya, n’uburyo bukwiriye gukoreshwa mu kwiga Bibiliya, kandi nanone ko intumwa zatoranyijwe muri ayo mateka ari ibimenyetso by’inzira by’ayo mateka. Nk’uko bisanzwe bigenda, Satani yagerageje guhisha Bibiliya ya King James akoresheje inyiganano nyinshi, kandi yashatse guhisha uburyo nyakuri bwo gusobanukirwa Bibiliya akoresheje izindi nyiganano nyinshi, kandi na none yashatse guhisha intumwa nyakuri (ibimenyetso by’inzira) zazamuwe uko urugendo rw’ayo mateka rwakomezaga.

Mu mateka y’Abamilerite kuva mu 1840 kugeza mu 1844, ikanzu y’Ubuporotesitanti, (ikaba ari imwe mu mahembe abiri ari ku nyamaswa yo ku isi ari yo Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika), Ubudiventisiti bw’Abamilerite bwahindutse ihembe ry’Ubuporotesitanti. Muri icyo gihe kandi, amatorero yari yarabanje kwiyita Abaporotesitanti yahindutse Ubuporotesitanti bw’ubuhakanyi, cyangwa nk’uko Abamilerite bayitaga, “abakobwa ba Roma.” Igihe Abaporotesitanti banangaga ubutumwa bwa marayika wa mbere mu 1843, baraguye maze Abamilerite bakomeza bitwaje ikanzu y’Ubuporotesitanti. Amateka y’Abamilerite yari impuzankano y’umurimo w’Imana wo kugeza “itorero ryayo ryo mu butayu” ku gusobanukirwa byuzuye Ijambo ry’Imana.

Itangira ry’urubanza rw’iperereza ryazanye ikigeragezo cy’amategeko y’Imana, cyane cyane Isabato. Gutangaza ubutumwa bw’umumarayika wa gatatu byasabaga Itorero ryubahiriza amategeko y’Imana, yari yarahishwe munsi y’imigenzo n’imihango bya gipapa mu gihe cy’Ibihe by’Umwijima. Kristo yazanye Abaporotesitanti ku mateka yo mu 1840 kugeza mu 1844, kandi abagezaho ikigeragezo cya Eliya, uwo William Miller yashushanywaga na we; maze ubwo Abaporotesitanti banangaga ubutumwa bwa Miller, basubiye i Roma. Ikigeragezo cy’ubutumwa bw’umumarayika wa mbere nk’uko bwatangajwe na Miller cyashushanywaga na Eliya ku Musozi wa Karumeli.

Mu mwaka wa 1840, igihe Abaporotesitanti bahurizwaga n’ubutumwa bwa Eliya, bwagereranywaga na Miller n’umumarayika wa mbere, bahisemo Baali!

Ivugurura ry’Abaporotesitanti ryari ugukurwaho ikimenyetso cy’ukuri kwo muri Bibiliya kwatangiranye n’“inyenyeri yo mu gitondo,” yari yarasezeranyijwe gutangwa mu gihe cy’amateka gishushanywa n’itorero rya Tiyatira. Igitero cyeruye cyagabwe kuri Bibiliya cyatangiye ibinyejana byinshi mbere y’aho kandi kigaragazwa neza mu gitabo The Great Controversy, cyane cyane mu mateka y’Abawalidense. Mu mwaka wa 1930, Benjamin Wilkerson yasohoye igitabo, Our Authorized Bible Vindicated. Icyo gitabo cyandika intambara yarwanyije inyandiko z’umwimerere zera zakoreshejwe amaherezo mu guhindura Bibiliya ya King James n’inyandiko z’impimbano za Satani zitandukanye zatezwaga imbere kandi zigitezwaga imbere n’Abagatolika, Ubuporotesitanti bw’ubuhakanyi n’Abadiventisiti b’i Lawodikiya. Iyo ntambara yatangiye kera cyane mbere y’amateka y’Abawalidense, ariko ni bo kimenyetso cy’inzira n’ikigereranyo cy’abatanze ubugingo bwabo kugira ngo bahamye akamaro k’inyandiko-mvugo zikwiriye amaherezo zahinduwemo Bibiliya ya King James yo mu 1611.

Ihindurwa rya Bibiliya ya King James ryo mu 1611 ryanyuze mu nzira y’ubuhinduzi yihariye cyane. Igikorwa cyo guhindura no gutangaza Bibiliya cyarangiye binyuze mu byiciro birindwi by’ikorwa ryayo. Kandi byafashe imyaka irindwi kugira ngo kirangire, kandi imyaka irindwi ya Bibiliya ingana n’iminsi ibihumbi bibiri na magana atanu na makumyabiri. Kandi ibyo, by’ukuri, ni wo mubare nyine w’iminsi y’ubuhanuzi Yesu yemejemo isezerano n’abenshi mu isohozwa rya Daniyeli 9. Mu hagati y’icyo cyumweru cyera Kristo yabambwe, kandi koko Kristo wabambwe ni we nkingi yo hagati ya Bibiliya. Ibyo byiciro birindwi byakoreshejwe mu gutunganya Ijambo ry’Imana ritunganye ni ibi bikurikira.

Mu ntambara Satani arwanya Ijambo ry’Imana, kandi arwanya ibimenyetso by’inzira bigaragazwa n’intumwa zitandukanye z’ayo mateka agenda ahishurwa, hamwe n’uburyo nyabwo bugomba gukoreshwa mu gusobanura neza Ijambo Rye, Bibiliya y’Umwami Yakobo yo mu 1611 ni ikimenyetso cy’inzira cyamenyekanishijwe by’umwihariko muri Zaburi ya cumi n’ebyiri. Nta na imwe muri Bibiliya z’impimbano zitandukanye zakozwe hifashishijwe inyandiko zanditswe zangiritse za Gatolika yujuje ibisabwa byo muri Zaburi ya cumi n’ebyiri. Igikorwa cyo kwezwa cyanyuze mu ntambwe ndwi n’igihe cy’iminsi ibihumbi bibiri na magana atanu na makumyabiri byerekana ko Bibiliya y’Umwami Yakobo ari “amagambo atanduye” y’Imana. Imana isezeranya kurinda Bibiliya y’Umwami Yakobo nk’Ijambo Ryayo ritanduye iteka ryose, bityo ikaba inasezeranya gukomeza uburyo bwiswe “historicism” bwakoreshejwe n’abavugurura b’Abaporotesitanti, barimo na William Miller.

Mu kinyejana cya cumi na kane, John Wycliffe, uvugwa ko ari “inyenyeri yo mu ruturuturu y’Ubugorozi” mu gitabo The Great Controversy, yakoreshejwe n’Imana guhindurira Bibiliya mu rurimi n’umuntu usanzwe yashoboraga kumva. Ni we ntumwa iranga ikimenyetso cy’inzira cy’itangiriro ry’Ubugorozi bw’Abaporotesitanti.

Nyuma y’ubuhamya buvuga kuri John Wycliffe buri mu gitabo The Great Controversy, Mushiki wa White atanga urutonde rw’abavugurura bizerwa (ibimenyetso by’inzira), amaherezo rukagera ku muvugurura John Knox. Avuga ikibazo gikomeye Mariya Umwamikazi wa Scotland yabajije John Knox.

Imikoranire hagati y’umuvugurura n’umwamikazi igaragaza urudodo rwa gatatu mu mateka y’ivugurura rugaragaza umuhati wa Satani wo guhindura Bibiliya, abavugurura n’uburyo bwo kwiga Bibiliya mo impimbano. Igisubizo cya Yohani yahaye Umwamikazi ni uko uburyo bw’ukuri ari “historicism,” bushingiye ku murongo umwe w’amateka y’ubuhanuzi usobanurwa na Mwuka Wera ukoresheje undi murongo w’amateka y’ubuhanuzi.

Umucyo wari warafunguriwe mu mwijima. Wycliffe n’abavugurura ba mbere, kugeza no mu mateka y’Abamillerite, bakoresheje uburyo bwo kwiga Bibiliya bwiswe “historicism.” Amateka y’ubwo buryo bwa Bibiliya bwo kwiga Bibiliya akenshi yirengagizwa, nyamara ni ngombwa cyane kuyamenya niba umuntu ashaka koko kubona akamaro k’amategeko yo gusobanura ubuhanuzi yakoreshejwe na Miller, hanyuma nyuma ye agakoreshwa na Future for America.

Hariho amatorero abiri gusa Mushiki wa White agaragaza ko ari ubwoko bw’Imana bwahawe izina. Ni ukuvuga Isirayeli ya kera n’Itorero ry’Abadiventisiti b’Umunsi wa Karindwi.

“itorero ry’intumwa,” itorero ryo mu butayu mu gihe cy’umwijima wa gipapa, ntiryigeze ryitwa ubwoko bw’Imana bwitiriwe izina ryayo; kuko iryo jambo (risobanura kwitirirwa izina) rigaragaza itorero rihabwa inshingano yo kubitsa no kurinda amategeko y’Imana, kandi hamwe n’Abadiventisiti bari no guhabwa kuba ababitsi b’ukuri kw’Imana kw’ubuhanuzi.

William Miller yagereranyaga intumwa yatoranyijwe yo guhamburura ukuri kw’ubuhanuzi bw’Imana, kandi ubwo kuri kwamaze kuyobora abantu ku rugi rwuguruye rw’Ahera Cyane mu 1844, ni bwo Imana yahishuye amategeko yayo. Wycliffe ni ikimenyetso cy’inzira mu guhambura Bibiliya no gutangiza intangiriro z’Ubugorozi bw’Abaporotesitanti, ariko kandi ni ikimenyetso cy’inzira cy’umurimo w’Imana wo gushinga “ukuri gukomeye kw’ubuhanuzi.” John Wycliffe yari inyenyeri yo mu gitondo yagaragajwe mu mateka y’ubutegetsi bw’ubupapa bwamaze imyaka igihumbi na magana abiri na mirongo itandatu. Umurimo we watangiye mu kinyejana cya cumi na kane, hanyuma mu kinyejana cya cumi na karindwi haboneka ikindi kimenyetso cy’inzira cy’uwo murongo w’ubuhanuzi, ari cyo isohorwa rya Bibiliya yitiriwe King James mu 1611. Kuri uwo murongo, amaherezo tugera ku kimenyetso cy’inzira cy’amategeko ya Miller yo gusobanura ubuhanuzi. Miller ni ikimenyetso cy’inzira kuri uwo murongo w’ukuri, kandi n’amategeko ye ni ko ari. Amategeko ye ahamya ikimenyetso cy’inzira ku iherezo ry’Abadivantisiti gihagarariwe n’itangazwa rya Prophetic Keys.

Nitutadasobanukirwa yuko amategeko ya Miller yari ikimenyetso cy’inzira mu murongo w’amateka y’ubuhanuzi kigereranya umurimo wo kurinda inyandiko z’umwimerere kandi zikwiye za Bibiliya, kandi n’umurimo wo gufungura ugusobanukirwa nyakuri kwa Bibiliya, byasabaga ko abavugurura bayoborwa gusobanukirwa no gukoresha uburyo bwera bw’inyigisho bwitwa “historicism,” tubura amakuru akenewe kugira ngo tumenye ukuri k’ubuhanuzi guhuriye n’umurimo wo kugaragaza no kurinda umucyo w’umumarayika wa gatatu ku iherezo ry’Abadiventisime. Kubera iyo mpamvu, ni ingenzi gukora isuzuma rigufi ry’uwo murongo w’amateka.

Igisobanuro nyakuri cyonyine cy’ijambo “Umuporotesitanti” ni uguhakana Roma. Iyo itorero rihagaritse guhakana Roma, ntiriba rikiri iry’Abaporotesitanti, ahubwo rihinduka umukobwa wa Roma, nk’uko byagendekeye Abaporotesitanti banze ubutumwa bw’umumarayika wa mbere. Imyumvire y’ibanze cyane yabaye “intego” y’Abaporotesitanti bavuye mu itorero Gatolika yari iyi ngo “Bibiliya, kandi Bibiliya yonyine.” Nyamara amateka ahamya ko Bibiliya yagombaga kugabanywa neza.

Uburyo bwo kwiga Bibiliya Abaporotesitanti bayobowe gukoresha mu mihati yabo yo kugabanya neza ijambo ry’ukuri ni “historicism.” Ubu buryo bwari intego yihariye kandi ikomeye Satani yagabyeho igitero, kandi koko yarakigabye.

Gusenya ishingiro ry’uburyo bwa Bibiliya bwakoreshwaga n’Abagorozi kugeza kuri William Miller no kumushyiramo, bugaragazwa by’umwihariko ko bwatangiye mu kinyejana cya cumi na gatanu binyuze ku muhanga w’Umuyesuwiti witwaga Francisco Ribera (1537–1591), uzwiho kuba yaragize uruhare rukomeye mu kwamamaza ubusobanuro bwa futurisimu. Yanditse ibisobanuro ku gitabo cy’Ibyahishuwe ashyiramo ubusobanuro bushingiye ku bihe bizaza bw’ubuhanuzi, abukura mu rwego rw’amateka bwabwo. Ribera yahimbye ubu buryo agamije kurwanya ukuri uburyo bwa historisizimu bwahoraga butanga. Uko kuri ni uko papa w’i Roma ari antikristo uvugwa mu buhanuzi bwa Bibiliya.

Mu kinyejana cya cumi na karindwi n’icya cumi n’umunani, birashoboka kugaragazwa mu nyandiko ko Abaporotesitanti bari bazi ko uburyo bw’ibinyoma bwa Ribera bwari ubwa satani kandi budafite ishingiro. Abaporotesitanti bo muri ayo mateka banditse ibitabo n’udutabo bahangara “amagambo atagira kubaha Imana kandi y’ubusa” y’uwo muhanga w’Umuyesuwiti. Ariko mu mwaka wa 1909, ifarashi ya Troy, ari yo Scofield Reference Bible, yarasohowe, kandi ibisobanuro byashyizwe mu nyandiko zo hasi ku mapaji ya Bibiliya byari bishingiye ku nyigisho za Ribera n’undi Muyesuwiti witwaga Manuel Lacunza (1731–1801). Lacunza yandikaga akoresheje izina ry’ihimbano rya Juan Josafat Ben-Ezra, kandi yasohoye igitabo cyiswe The Coming of the Messiah in Glory and Majesty. Nk’uko byagenze kuri Ribera wamubanjirije, icyo gitabo cyari igitero gitaziguye ku isohozwa ry’ubuhanuzi buri mu gitabo cy’Ibyahishuwe.

Satani yari azi ko ubutumwa yagombaga kujijisha no guteza urujijo ari ubutumwa bwo kuburira bwa nyuma buva mu gitabo cy’Ibyahishuwe. Kwinjiza amagambo yanduye kandi y’ubusa y’abo bapadiri babiri b’Abayezuwiti mu byerekanwa biri muri Bibiliya y’Inyandiko-Sobanuro ya Scofield byatumye Satani ayobora Abaporotesitanti b’abahakanyi kwemera uburyo bw’Abayezuwiti, bityo abahuma amaso kugira ngo batabona ukuri. Ibyo Satani yabigezeho abinyujije mu kwinjiza imiterere myinshi ya Katorika y’ubuhanuzi, yakuyeho ubushobozi bwo kumenya mu buryo busobanutse uwo antikristo wo mu buhanuzi bwa Bibiliya ari we. Ntabwo byagoye Satani gukora ubwo buriganya, kuko Abaporotesitanti bari basanzwe baragarukiye ku itorero ry’i Roma ubwo banangaga ubutumwa bwa Miller mu 1843.

Mu myaka myinshi ishize, hagiye hasohoka ibitabo n’inyandiko byinshi byerekana igitero Satani yagabye kuri Bibiliya, cyatangiye mu binyejana bya mbere nyuma y’uko Kristo abambwe. Icyo gitero cyaje kugera aho handikwa inyandiko mpimbano kugira ngo havemo za Bibiliya mpimbano. Satani kandi yagabye igitero ku Bavugurura bari barahagurukijwe kugira ngo baharanire Ijambo ry’Imana bakiriho, ndetse na nyuma y’uko abo Bavugurura bapfuye.

Tekereza gato uko abahanga mu by’amateka n’abahanga mu by’iyobokamana b’Abadiventisiti b’Umunsi wa Karindwi bo muri iki gihe bafata ikibazo cya William Miller. Ni nk’aho bacukuye amagufa ye maze bakayajugunya mu Ruzi rwa Mississippi.

Reba uburyo ayo matsinda yombi nyine y’Abadivantisiti (abahanga mu bya tewolojiya n’abahanga mu by’amateka) yagabanyije agaciro kandi agahisha ukuri kw’ukwemerwa kw’amategeko ya Miller, ayo Mushiki wacu White atumenyesha ko azakoreshwa n’abantu bose bazaba bamamaza by’ukuri ubutumwa bw’abamarayika batatu.

Tutongeye gusubiramo iyo mizingo itatu y’umurongo w’amateka y’ubuhanuzi ifitanye isano no gukura no gushinga Ijambo ry’Imana, ntibishoboka kubona akamaro k’ubuhamya bukomeye bushyigikira William Miller nk’intumwa yagereranyijwe na Eliya mu buryo yagejejeho ubutumwa, kandi nk’uwagereranyijwe na Mose mu isezerano ry’uko Miller azazurwa mu muzuko w’abakiranutsi, kandi nk’uwagereranyijwe na Elisha mu bushake bwe bwo gusiga umurima we agakorera ubutumwa bwa Eliya. Mushiki wa White agaragaza abo ntwari zose uko ari eshatu zo muri Bibiliya nk’izagereranyije William Miller, we ubu abafatwa n’abanyatewolojiya n’abanditsi b’amateka b’Abadiventisiti bo muri iki gihe nk’aho yari gusa nk’“umuhungu w’umukene wo mu isambu” wo mu kinyejana cya cumi n’umunani.

William Tyndale yari umwe mu bagorozi benshi bahagurukijwe muri uru ruhererekane rw’amateka y’ubuhanuzi. Niba nabivuga muri ubu buryo, “intego y’umurimo” we yarwanyaga intumwa za papa yagiranaga imishyikirano na zo, yari iyi: “Nzatumisha umuhungu utwara isuka kumenya Ibyanditswe biruta uko mubyizi.” William Miller yari wa muhungu wo mu cyaro watwaraga isuka, kandi asohoza ubuhanuzi bwa Tyndale.

Iri tangiriro ryorohejwe cyane ku birebana n’amateka yose yashoboraga kuzanwa kugira ngo ashyigikire ibyo twagejejeho kugeza ubu. Ubu noneho tugiye gusuzuma bimwe mu bimenyetso biranga Alufa na Omege kugira ngo bidusubize ku gusuzuma Miller nk’ikimenyetso cy’inzira n’intumwa.

Igitabo cya Daniyeli ni intangiriro y’igitabo kigizwe n’ibitabo bibiri. Iherezo ry’icyo gitabo ni Igitabo cy’Ibyahishuwe. Nubwo ari ibitabo bibiri bitandukanye, hamwe bigereranya igitabo kimwe.

Hashize imyaka myinshi, nagiranye ibiganiro byabereye mu ruhame n’umuhanga mu by’iyobokamana uzwi cyane w’Umudiventisiti w’Umunsi wa Karindwi wakoreraga mu Kigo cy’Ubushakashatsi bwa Bibiliya cya Konferansi Rusange y’Itorero ry’Abadiventisiti b’Umunsi wa Karindwi. Uwo muhanga mu by’iyobokamana yari ari kugerageza gukosora uko nasobanukirwaga n’imirongo itandatu ya nyuma yo muri Daniyeli cumi na umwe, kandi n’uburyo nasobanukirwaga n’“igitambo gihoraho” mu gitabo cya Daniyeli. Muri ibyo biganiro byacu byamaze igihe runaka, kuko byari bigizwe n’uko yanditse inyandiko nanjye nkayisubiza, hanyuma na we akongera kuyisubiza, maze nanjye nkongera gutanga ibitekerezo byanjye, bityo bityo. Muri ibyo biganiro yambwiye ko muri komite yakoreragamo muri Konferansi Rusange, yafatwaga nk’inzobere ku gitabo cya Daniyeli, kandi ko mugenzi we bakoranaga yafatwaga nk’inzobere ihoraho ku gitabo cy’Ibyahishuwe. Muri ibyo biganiro byacu ntiyashakaga kwita ku ngingo zo mu gitabo cy’Ibyahishuwe, ahubwo yashakaga ko zishyikirizwa mugenzi we. Yashakaga ko ikiganiro kiguma mu gitabo cya Daniyeli gusa.

Mushiki White asobanura neza ko Daniyeli n’Ibyahishuwe ari igitabo kimwe. Kuri urwo rwego, bigereranya Bibiliya, ari yo gitabo kimwe kigizwe n’ibitabo bibiri, Isezerano rya Kera n’Isezerano Rishya. Mushiki White kandi agira icyo avuga ku itorero ry’Abayuda, ryo rifata gusa igitabo cya kera nk’aho ari cyo gitabo kimwe, kandi anagira icyo avuga no kuri abo birengagiza igitabo cya kera kuko basobanukirwa gusa, cyangwa bemera gusobanukirwa gusa, igitabo gishya. Ubuhamya bwe bwahumetswe ni ukuvuga ko niba wemera gusa igitabo gishya, uba wanze igitabo cya kera, kandi ni na ko bimeze ku ruhande rwabyo. Kuba umuhanga mu by’iyobokamana yavuga ko yari umuhanga wa Daniyeli, ariko atari uw’Ibyahishuwe, ni ugusubiramo imyumvire y’Abayuda yo kwemera gusa Isezerano rya Kera, kandi tuzi aho iyo myumvire ifunganye yayoboye Abayuda. Gufata uruhande urwo ari rwo rwose muri iyo ngingo; kwemera ibya kera ariko utemera ibishya, cyangwa kwemera ibishya ariko utemera ibya kera, ni ukwanga ubuhamya bwose.

Inama iburira ryabanje rifite indi mikoreshereze ku Badiventisti b’i Lawodikiya. Kwatura ko umuntu yemera Bibiliya yose uko yakabaye, ari Isezerano rya Kera n’Isezerano Rishya, nyamara akanga Umwuka w’Ubuhanuzi, ni rwa rwobo nyine rwo kwemera ubuhamya bumwe gusa. Abahamya babiri ni bo basabwa kugira ngo ukuri gushyirweho, bityo rero ntibishoboka ko ukuri gushyirwaho n’umuhamya umwe; kandi nihagira ubigerageza, baba banze abahamya bombi, baba bashinze ukwizera kwabo ku cyo cyiswe “ukuri kwa kimwe cya kabiri.”

Ubu ndongera kubaza ikibazo cyari muri imwe mu nyandiko za mbere zakomeje gusohoka kuva muri Nyakanga 2023. Ikibazo ni iki: “Ni uruhe rumuri rushya rwavuye muri Adventisme kuva mu 1863?” Igisubizo ni iki cyoroshye: “Nta na rumwe.”

Nuko rero Alfa na Omega byerekana ko Daniyeli ari uwa mbere naho Ibyahishuwe bikaba ibya nyuma. Daniyeli ihagarariye intangiriro, naho Ibyahishuwe bigahagarariye iherezo ry’Abadivantisime.

Mu ntangiriro y’Umuadiventisiti, muri ya mirongo ubwayo ari yo nkingi nkuru y’Umuadiventisiti, ya mirongo yahishuwe mu 1798; Yesu yiyerekanye ubwe nka “Palmoni,” Umubarurishi w’igitangaza. Ku iherezo ry’Umuadiventisiti, Yesu yiyerekana ubwe nka “Alufa na Omega,” umuhanga w’igitangaza mu rurimi—Jambo ry’Imana. Kubera iyo mpamvu, intangiriro y’Umuadiventisiti n’ubutumwa bw’umumarayika wa mbere byari “bishingiye ku gihe.” Ku iherezo ry’Umuadiventisiti, ubutumwa bw’umumarayika wa gatatu buzaba bushingiye ku Jambo Rye.

Intangiriro n’iherezo by’Ubwadiventisiti bibera mu gihe cy’amateka y’ubwami bwa gatandatu bw’ubuhanuzi bwa Bibiliya; bityo bikabera no mu ntangiriro no mu iherezo bya Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika. Amateka y’ubuhanuzi ya Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika ni amateka y’amahembe abiri y’Uburepubulikani n’Ubuporotesitanti. Ku musozo w’ayo mateka ayo mahembe yombi azaba yarahindutse, ava ku mwana w’intama ajya ku kiyoka. Uburepubulikani buzahinduka demokarasi, kandi Ubuporotesitanti buzahinduka Ubuporotesitanti bw’ubuhakanyi. Igihe igikombe cy’igihe cy’igeragezwa cya Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika gitangiye kugera ku musozo wacyo, nk’uko biri kuba ubu, ayo mahembe yombi, ari yo Uburepubulikani bw’ubuhakanyi n’Ubuporotesitanti bw’ubuhakanyi, azaremba ishusho y’inyamaswa; bityo ahuze itorero na leta bibe ihembe rimwe rivuga nk’ikiyoka. Ariko Imana ntizabura umugabo wo guhamya, kuko mu nzira yo kugeza Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika ku iherezo, Izahagurutsa ihembe nyakuri ry’Ubuporotesitanti kugira ngo ryamagane ishusho y’inyamaswa muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, hanyuma nyuma yaho ryamagane ishusho y’inyamaswa ihangara isi yose. Guhagurutsa ihembe ry’Ubuporotesitanti ku iherezo rya Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika bizakorwa mu miterere imwe y’amateka nk’iyakoreshejwe mu guhagurutsa ihembe ry’Ubuporotesitanti mu ntangiriro za Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika. Abantu bahoze ari ubwoko bw’isezerano bazarengerwa, maze ubwoko bushya bube ubwoko bushya bw’isezerano. Nta gishya kiri munsi y’izuba.

Iyo dukoresheje ubuhanuzi bw’ibihe bwasobanuwe kandi bukerekanwa mu mateka y’Abamilerite kugira ngo dusuzume Alufa na Omega, dusanga ari kimwe. Buri buhanuzi bw’igihe butangirira ku mateka ubwo ubwo buhanuzi butangazwa, kandi ayo mateka buri gihe agereranya amateka ubwo ubwo buhanuzi busohora.

Amateka y’ubuhanuzi bw’imyaka ibihumbi bibiri na magana atatu yatangiye ku itegeko rya gatatu mu mwaka wa 457 Mbere ya Kristo, arangirira ku butumwa bw’umumarayika wa gatatu ku wa 22 Ukwakira 1844. Mbere y’uko iryo tegeko rya gatatu rigeraho, ariko ari byo ryabanzirizaga, umurimo wo kubaka urusengero na Yerusalemu wararangiye. Ni na ko, mu buryo busa, mu mateka yabanzirije ukuza k’umumarayika wa gatatu, ukuri kw’ifatizo kw’urusengero rw’Abamillerite kwashyizweho.

Mu mwaka wa 1798, ubuhanuzi bw’imyaka ibihumbi bibiri na magana atanu na makumyabiri, bwatangiye mu wa 723 mbere ya Kristo ubwo imiryango icumi y’amajyaruguru yatatanaga, bwasohoye. Ubwo buhanuzi bwerekanye ibihe bibiri by’imyaka igihumbi na magana abiri na mirongo itandatu, biranga gukandagirirwa hasi kw’urusengero nyakuri na Yerusalemu nyakuri n’i Roma ya gipagani nyakuri, hanyuma bigakurikirwa n’imyaka igihumbi na magana abiri na mirongo itandatu y’i Roma ya kipapa ikandagirira hasi umurwa wo mu mwuka n’urusengero rwo mu mwuka. Ubuhanuzi bwatangiranye no kurimburwa kw’ubwami bw’amajyaruguru no gutatanywa kw’abaturage b’ubwo bwami. Hagati muri ubwo buhanuzi, mu wa 538, harangwa iherezo ryo gukandagirirwa hasi kw’ubwoko bw’Imana n’i Roma ya gipagani, ubwami bwa kane bwo mu buhanuzi bwa Bibiliya, kandi hakabyara gutatanywa kw’itorero ry’Imana mu butayu bw’Ibihe by’Umwijima. Iherezo ry’ubwo buhanuzi bw’igihe mu wa 1798 riranga iherezo ry’ubwami bwa gatanu bwo mu buhanuzi bwa Bibiliya. Gutatanywa kw’imiryango icumi y’amajyaruguru, n’iry’itorero rya Gikristo ryahungiye mu butayu, bihagarariye guteranywa kw’abagenewe kuzaba ihembe ry’Abaporotesitanti. Ibimenyetso by’inzira kenshi bigaragazwa n’ibinyuranyo, kandi gutatana bishobora guhagararira guterana, nk’uko Eliya ahagarariye Yohana Umubatiza. Muri uko guhangana kumwe k’ubuhanuzi, Eliya ntapfa, naho Yohana Umubatiza arapfa.

Mu mwaka wa 677 mbere ya Kristo, umuryango wo mu majyepfo wa Yuda, (na wo kandi ugaragazwa mu Byanditswe nk’igihugu cy’icyubahiro) watatanyijwe mu gihe cy’imyaka ibihumbi bibiri na magana atanu na makumyabiri, birangira ku wa 22 Ukwakira 1844. Ubu buhanuzi bwagaragazaga ukandagirwa kw’ubwoko bw’Imana, ari bwo Daniyeli yita “ingabo” muri Daniyeli 8:13, 14.

Ubuhanuzi bw’imyaka ibihumbi bibiri na magana atatu, bwarangiranye icyarimwe n’ubw’imyaka ibihumbi bibiri na magana atanu na makumyabiri bwatangiye mu wa 677 mbere ya Kristo, bwerekanaga gukandagirizwa kw’Ubuturo Bwera nk’uko kugaragazwa muri Daniyeli 8:13, 14. Ubuhanuzi bwo gutatanywa kwa Yuda mu wa 677 mbere ya Kristo bwabanje gukurikirwa n’ibitero bitatu bya Nebukadinezari, kandi ubwo buhanuzi bwarangiye igihe ubutumwa bwa gatatu bwageraga ku wa 22 Ukwakira 1844.

Ubuhanuzi bubiri bw’imyaka ibihumbi bibiri magana atanu na makumyabiri, burangirira uko bukurikirana mu 1798 no mu 1844, bugaragaza imyaka mirongo ine n’itandatu yo kubaka urufatiro rw’urusengero rw’Abamillerite. Mose yamaze iminsi mirongo ine n’itandatu ahabwa amabwiriza yo kubaka urusengero; ivugururwa ry’urusengero rwa Herode mu gihe cya Kristo ryamaze imyaka mirongo ine n’itandatu, bikarangira mu mwaka wa kubatizwa kwa Kristo. Kuva ku mubatizo yagiye mu butayu iminsi mirongo ine, maze agarutse, ahumanura urusengero ku ncuro ya mbere, Abayuda bahariraga bashaka kumenya ububasha yakoresheje gukora ikintu nk’icyo.

Urusengero rw’Abamilleriubatswe mu myaka mirongo ine n’itandatu, uhereye mu 1798 ku iherezo ry’ubuhanuzi bwa mbere bw’imyaka ibihumbi bibiri na magana atanu na makumyabiri, maze urangira indi myaka mirongo ine n’itandatu ishize, ubwo ubuhanuzi bwa kabiri bw’imyaka ibihumbi bibiri na magana atanu na makumyabiri bwasohoraga mu 1844. Iyo myaka mirongo ine n’itandatu yatangiranye no kuza kwa marayika wa mbere, irangira no kuza kwa marayika wa gatatu, kuko Kristo yavuze ko urusengero rwe ruzubakwa mu minsi itatu. Niba udashaka kubona ibyo bintu, biterwa n’ibibazo bibiri by’ingenzi birenze ibibazo bishobora kuba biri mu mutima utabishaka kandi utarahindutse. Ikibazo cya mbere ni uko udashaka kwegera Ijambo ry’ubuhanuzi urirebera mu mfuruka y’uko amateka yisubiramo. Ntabwo uri umuhamya w’inkurikamateka. Ikindi kibazo ni ukudashobora gushyira ku magambo y’ikigereranyo yanditswe mu Ijambo ry’Imana ibisobanuro bihabwa n’Ijambo ry’Imana. Intangiriro z’ubu buhanuzi bwose zigaragaza iherezo, kandi buri gihe zigaragaza ibirenze kure amateka yisubiramo gusa.

Bibiliya ivuga ko turi urusengero rw’Umwuka Wera, kandi urusengero rw’umubiri rugizwe na kromozomu mirongo ine n’esheshatu. Abahanga mu bya siyansi biga izo kromozomu mirongo ine n’esheshatu batumenyesha ko kromozomu makumyabiri n’eshatu z’umugabo na kromozomu makumyabiri n’eshatu z’umugore zizengurutse poroteyine ifite ishusho y’umusaraba.

Muri Daniyeli cumi na kabiri harimo ubuhanuzi butatu bw’ibihe bufitanye isano; ubwa mbere bwerekeza ku gutatanywa kw’imbaraga z’ubwoko bwera, kugereranya “ibihe birindwi” byo mu Balewi makumyabiri na gatandatu. Gutatanywa kw’imbaraga z’ubwoko bwera, kwasohorejwe kuri bo, kwari imyaka ibihumbi bibiri na magana atanu na makumyabiri, nyamara muri Daniyeli cumi na kabiri havugwamo gusa igice cya nyuma cy’icyo gihe. Hagaragaza Daniyeli nk’udasobanukiwe icyo iryo tangazo ryashakaga kuvuga.

Daniyeli 12 irerekana ubutumwa bwafunguwe ikimenyetso mu gihe cy’iherezo, ari cyo 1798. Muri uwo murongo, Daniyeli ahagarariye William Miller, ikimenyetso nyamukuru cy’abanyabwenge muri ayo mateka. Miller yabanje kuyoborwa ku buhanuzi bw’imyaka ibihumbi bibiri na magana atanu na makumyabiri bwo muri Abalewi 26, kandi mu mirongo ya karindwi n’iya munani ahagarariye abanyabwenge bagomba guhuza ukuri k’uko gutatanywa kw’imyaka ibihumbi bibiri na magana atanu na makumyabiri rwose kurangwa nk’ugutatanya Imana yakoreye ubwoko bwayo.

“Ubwibone” bwa Isirayeli ya kera bwabaye igihe bemererwaga kwanga Imana nk’Umwami wabo bagahitamo umwami w’umuntu. Ubwibone bwabo, bubanziriza kugwa (Imigani 16:18), bwari icyifuzo cyabo cyo gusa n’ubwami bwose bw’abasenga ibigirwamana bwari bubakikije. Gukurwaho kwabanje ubwami bwo mu majyaruguru hanyuma ubwami bwo mu majyepfo kwari ugutatanywa kw’ububasha (umwami) mu mwaka wa 723 Mbere ya Kristo no mu wa 677 Mbere ya Kristo, uko bikurikirana.

Milleri yahagarariye abanyabwenge basobanukiwe ukwiyongera kw’ubumenyi kwahishuwe mu mirongo ibanza ya Daniyeli cumi na kabiri, kandi mu mirongo ya karindwi n’iya munani agaragazwa nk’utarasobanukiwe isano iri hagati y’imyaka igihumbi na magana abiri na mirongo itandatu n’imyaka ibihumbi bibiri na magana atanu na makumyabiri y’itatatanywa ry’ubwoko bw’Imana. Daniyeli ahagarariye ubwoko bw’Imana ku iherezo ry’Idiventizimu, nk’uko kandi ahagarariye Milleri ku ntangiriro y’Idiventizimu. Ku iherezo ry’Idiventizimu, hariho nanone icyo kibazo nyine, kuko ubwo Idiventizimu yashyiraga ku ruhande uko Milleri yasobanukirwaga “ibihe birindwi,” bahatiwe kumenya gusa ko imyaka igihumbi na magana abiri na mirongo itandatu ari yo Bihe by’Umwijima. Abanyabwenge bo ku iherezo bari bafite ikibazo gisa n’icyo Daniyeli na Milleri bagaragaza ko kigomba gukemurwa. Ni kuki imvugo yo mu Balewi makumyabiri na gatandatu ikoreshwa mu kugaragaza ibihe bitatu n’igice aho gukoresha ibihe birindwi?

Miller ntiyigeze na rimwe akemura byuzuye iyi ngorane, ariko mu mwaka wa 1856 umucyo wa nyuma “mushya wo mu buhanuzi” watanzwe mu ruhererekane rw’ingingo esheshatu zitigeze zirangizwa, zigaragaza ko ibihe birindwi bishushanya imyaka itatu n’igice y’uroma rwa gipagani rwakandagiraga Isirayeli y’Imana isanzwe, bigakurikirwa n’imyaka itatu n’igice y’uroma rwa gipapa rwakandagiraga Isirayeli ya mwuka. Nyuma y’imyaka irindwi, Abadivantisiti banga burundu umucyo wose werekeye ibihe birindwi, bityo bategurira abanyabwenge iyi ngorane mu gihe cy’iherezo mu mwaka wa 1989, ubwo, nk’uko bisobanurwa muri Daniyeli igice cya cumi na kimwe, umurongo wa mirongo ine, ibihugu byashushanyaga icyahoze ari Ubumwe bw’Abasoviyeti byakorogoshowe na gipapa na Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika.

Umucyo wa mbere Miller yahawe waranzwe mu 1863, kandi umucyo wa nyuma kuri iyo ngingo watanzwe na Hiram Edson muri za ngingo esheshatu. Izo ngingo zarahagaritswe, maze nyuma y’imyaka irindwi (ibihe) ububasha bwa Isirayeli ya none bushyirwa ku ruhande kugira ngo bwigane amatorero y’ibigirwamana yari, mu myaka mike yari ibanjirije, yaragaragajwe neza ko ari abakobwa ba Babuloni. Ibyo bihe birindwi byo mu Balewi makumyabiri na gatandatu, nk’inyigisho y’ubuhanuzi, byabaye igisitaza, kandi ubwibone bwa Isirayeli ya kera nk’uko bwagaragajwe no kwifuza kwabo ko Sawuli ababera umwami bwongeye kwisubiramo. Yesu ahagararira iherezo ahereye ku ntangiriro.

Igitabo cya Daniyeli na cyo kigaragaza ubuhanuzi bw’imyaka igihumbi na magana abiri na mirongo cyenda, hamwe n’ubw’imyaka igihumbi na magana atatu na mirongo itatu n’itanu, byombi bitangirira ku gukurwaho kwa “ibya buri munsi” mu wa 508. Gukurwaho kwa “ibya buri munsi” kugereranya ikurwaho ry’ukwanga kwa Roma ya gipagani kurwanyaga ukuzamuka k’ubutegetsi bwa papa mu wa 538. Habayeho igihe cy’inzibacyuho cy’imyaka mirongo itatu mbere yuko ubutegetsi bwa papa bushyirwa ku ntebe y’ubwami bw’isi mu wa 538, maze imyaka igihumbi na magana abiri na mirongo itandatu yari isigaye irangira mu wa 1798. Iyo myaka mirongo itatu y’inzibacyuho iva ku bwami bumwe ijya ku bundi igaragaza imyaka ya nyuma y’ubutegetsi bwa papa iyobora kugeza ku ishyirwaho ry’ubwami bwa gatandatu bw’ubuhanuzi bwa Bibiliya ku ntebe y’ubwami bw’isi mu wa 1798. Intangiriro y’ubuhanuzi bw’imyaka igihumbi na magana abiri na mirongo cyenda igaragaza inzibacyuho iva ku bwami bumwe bw’ubuhanuzi bwa Bibiliya ijya ku bundi bwami bw’ubuhanuzi bwa Bibiliya, nk’uko n’iherezo ry’ubwo buhanuzi ribigenza.

Ubuhanuzi bw’imyaka igihumbi magana atatu mirongo itatu n’itanu bwatangiye igihe “igitambo gihoraho” cyavanwagaho mu mwaka wa 508 burangira mu 1843.

Ubuhanuzi bw’imyaka igihumbi na magana atatu na mirongo itatu n’itanu bwarangiye mu 1843, kandi Daniyeli avuga ko abari “barategereje” igihe ubwo buhanuzi bwari kuzasohozwaho bazahabwa umugisha. Mushiki wa White abivuga muri ubu buryo.

Nuko rero, intangiriro y’ubuhanuzi bw’imyaka igihumbi na magana atatu na mirongo itatu n’itanu igaragaza ihinduka riva ku idini rya gipagani rikajya ku idini rya gipapa, bityo igaragaza ihinduka riva ku Buporotesitanti rikajya ku Buporotesitanti bwa Millerite.

Abadiventisiti banze kwemera ukuri shingiro kwa Adiventisimu banga n’ubuhanuzi bwose bw’ibihe bwatanzwe n’Abamileri, ndetse n’imyaka ibihumbi bibiri na magana atatu yo muri Daniyeli 8:14. Bashobora rwose guhakana iki kintu, ariko bishobora kugaragazwa mu buryo bwumvikana ko ari ukuri; nyamara icyo nshaka kugarukaho ubu kiratandukanye, bityo ndabiretse ubu mu gihe tugerageza kurangiza iyi ngingo.

Gutatana kw’“igihugu cy’icyubahiro” cya Yuda mu wa 677 Mbere ya Kristo kugaragaza gukandagirwa kw’“ingabo” kuvugwa muri Daniyeli 8:13, 14, kandi kwerekana ugushyirwaho kw’igihugu cy’icyubahiro cya none, Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika. Imyaka ibihumbi bibiri na magana atatu ivugwa muri iyo mirongo yatangiye mu wa 457 Mbere ya Kristo, kandi igaragaza gukandagirwa kw’“ubuturo bwera.”

Umwaka wa 677 Mbere ya Kristo na 457 Mbere ya Kristo ni amatariki ahujwe n’isano iri hagati y’ubwoko bw’Imana n’ubuturo bwayo bwera. Imana yongeye guhuriza hamwe ingabo n’ubuturo bwera icyarimwe ku wa 22 Ukwakira 1844. Imyaka magana abiri na makumyabiri iri hagati ya 677 Mbere ya Kristo na 457 Mbere ya Kristo ishushanya igihe Imana ishyiraho ikimenyetso cy’inzira kigereranya ukwiyongera k’umucyo. Ku wa 22 Ukwakira 1844, umucyo w’umumarayika wa gatatu warageze, umucyo w’ubuturo bwera utangira kurasa kandi hariho ingabo zo kwamamaza uwo mucyo.

Mu murongo w’ubuhanuzi ugaragaza intambara y’uburyo butatu Satani na Kristo bagiyemo, ni ho Bibiliya yitwa King James yo mu 1611 yasohowe. Nyuma y’imyaka magana abiri na makumyabiri neza, mu 1831, William Miller yatangaje ubutumwa bwe ku ncuro ya mbere:

Imana yarinze inyandiko z’umwimerere zera kandi zitunganye zakoreshejwe mu gutegura Bibiliya. Hanyuma ikora Bibiliya yayo mu mwaka wa 1611. Hanyuma ihagurutsa intumwa yagombaga gukoresha amahame ari muri Bibiliya, yavuyemo kandi yashyizweho n’iyo Bibiliya, kugira ngo itange ubutumwa bw’umumarayika wa mbere. Mu mwaka wa 1831, ubutumwa bwa Miller bwashyizwe mu buryo bunoze nk’uko ubutumwa bwo mu mateka ya Kristo bwashyizwe mu buryo bunoze na Yohana Umubatiza, nk’uko ubutumwa bwagiye bushyirwa mu buryo bunoze muri buri gikorwa cy’ivugurura. Ubutumwa bwa Miller, ari bwo butumwa bw’umumarayika wa mbere butangaza gutangira kw’urubanza, bushyigikiwe mu buryo butaziguye n’ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’igihe cy’ubuhanuzi cy’imyaka magana abiri na makumyabiri. Bwari ubutumwa bw’imbuzi mu ntangiriro z’ubwami bwa gatandatu bw’ubuhanuzi bwa Bibiliya—Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika.

Mu 1996, umurimo wa Future for America waratangiye, kandi ubutumwa bw’umumarayika wa gatatu bwari bwarakuweho ikimenyetso mu 1989—butumwa bugaragaza gukira kw’igikomere cyica cy’ubupapa n’itegeko ryo ku Cyumweru ryari rigiye kuza vuba—bwatangajwe mu kinyamakuru cyitwaga The Time of the End. Ubutumwa bwo ku iherezo ry’Abadiventisime bwari bwarashyizwe mu buryo bwemewe nk’uko n’ubutumwa bwo mu ntangiriro bwari bwarashyizwe mu buryo bwemewe. Mu ntangiriro, ubutumwa bwari bushingiye ku gihe kandi bugahagararira kurushaho guteza imbere ukuri kuboneka mu Ijambo ry’Imana. Mu 1996, nyuma y’imyaka magana abiri na makumyabiri uhereye ku ivuka rya Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika mu 1776, ubutumwa bwo ku iherezo ry’Abadiventisime bwashyizwe mu buryo bwemewe kandi bugahagararira kurushaho guteza imbere ubutumwa bw’abamarayika batatu.

Mu gihe dusuzuma amateka ajyanirana y’ihembe rya Repubulikani n’ihembe ry’Abaporotesitanti mu mateka y’ubwami bwa gatandatu bwo mu buhanuzi bwa Bibiliya, ni ngombwa kumenya uwo ihembe ry’Abaporotesitanti ari we n’uwo atari we.