Mu Butumwa bwiza bwa Yohana, uhereye ako kanya nyuma y’Ibyokurya bya Nyuma kugeza ubwo Yesu ajya mu busitani bwa Getsemani, harimo inkuru ndende ikomeza kuva ku gice cya cumi na kane kugeza ku iherezo ry’igice cya cumi na karindwi. Nteganya kuvuga kuri ibi bice mu nyandiko ikurikira. Iyi nyandiko ni urufatiro rwo kubakaho gusobanukirwa ibyo bice. Mu byerekeye umurongo w’ivugurura w’amateka ya Kristo, ikiganiro cya Kristo n’abigishwa Be muri ibyo bice kibaho ako kanya nyuma yo kwinjira kwo kunesha kandi mbere gato y’umusaraba. Yesu yinjiye i Yerusalemu, hanyuma agirana n’abigishwa ifunguro Rye rya nyuma, maze inkuru igakurikiraho, hanyuma ajya i Getsemani, maze mu gicuku cy’uwo munsi nyine arafatwa, maze hatangira inzira y’intambwe ndwi iganisha ku kubambwa. We n’abigishwa bari bahagaze mu buryo bw’ubuhanuzi ako kanya nyuma y’inama yo mu nkambi ya Exeter kandi mbere gato y’Ikizatenguha Gikomeye, mu mateka ahagarariwe n’umutwe w’ukwezi kwa karindwi. Muri iyo nkuru itangira ako kanya nyuma y’Ibyokurya bya Nyuma, ikintu cya mbere Yesu avuga ni iki:
Umutima wanyu ntuhagarike umutima: mwizera Imana, munyizere nanjye. Yohana 14:1.
Kubera yari azi ko hasigaye amasaha make mbere y’uko habaho ugutenguha gukomeye, Yesu yashatse gukomeza abigishwa Be kugira ngo bashobore guhangana n’ikibazo cyari kigiye kuza. Umurongo w’ubuhanuzi uhishe uri mu bimenyetso bine bigize ibyabaye bishushanywa nk’inkuba ndwi, ni wo mateka arimo izi ntambwe eshatu z’iyi nkuru yo mu Butumwa bwiza bwa Yohana zibera. Uwo murongo uhishe, uri mu nkuba ndwi, ugereranya amateka yo kuva ku gutenguha kwa mbere kugera ku gutenguha kwa nyuma.
Mbere gato y’uko Yesu ababwira ati “imitima yanyu ye guhagarika umutima,” Yuda Isikariyota yari amaze kuva ku meza y’umugoroba ajya ku Rukiko rw’Ikirenga rw’Abayahudi ku ncuro ya gatatu kandi ya nyuma. Igihe yavaga kuri uwo mugoroba ajya muri iyo nama ye ya gatatu, yari asoje igihe cye cy’imbabazi.
Mu rwego rw’umurongo uhishe uri mu kimenyetso cy’inkuba ndwi, kwinjira kwa Kristo kwo kunesha kugereranya Ijwi ryo mu Gicuku, aho amatsinda abiri y’abaramya agaragazwa. Ikimenyetso cy’inzira cy’inyuguti yo hagati y’Igiheburayo ikoreshwa mu kurema ijambo ry’Igiheburayo “ukuri,” ni inyuguti ya cumi na gatatu y’inyuguti z’Igiheburayo. Cumi na gatatu igereranya ubugome bwo kwigomeka, kandi nk’ikimenyetso cy’inzira cy’ubuhanuzi, igereranya Ijwi ryo mu Gicuku, aho abageni b’abapfu bagereranya kugaragara kw’ubwigomeke, nk’uko na Yuda abigira ku kimenyetso cy’inzira cyo kwinjira kwo kunesha.
“Habayeho kandi buri gihe bazahora bariho urukungu mu ngano, abageni b’abapfu n’abanyabwenge, abafite amatabaza yabo ariko badafite amavuta mu nzabya zabo. Mu itorero Kristo yashinze hano ku isi harimo Yuda w’umunyamururumba, kandi muri buri cyiciro cy’amateka yaryo hazabamo ba Yuda mu itorero.” Signs of the Times, October 23, 1879.
Igihe Yuda yasubizaga ya mafaranga, akemera ubugambanyi bwe imbere ya Kayafa hanyuma na Kristo, yahise ajya kwimanika. Ubwo yavaga mu nzu y’urubanza, yaratatse, akoresheje amagambo nyir’izina agaragaza akaga k’umwari w’umupfapfa igihe amenye ko atabonye amavuta.
“Yuda abonye ko kwinginga kwe kutagize icyo kumara, ava muri ya nzu yihuta, avuza induru ati: Birakererewe cyane! Birakererewe cyane! Yumvise ko adashobora gukomeza kubaho ngo arebe Yesu abambwa ku musaraba, maze kubera kwiheba arasohoka arimanika.” _Uwifuzwa Ibihe Byose_, 722.
Yuda agaragaza ubutumwa bw’ikinyoma bw’Induru yo mu Gicuku nk’“uwihutiye gusohoka avuye mu nzu avuza induru ati, Byakererewe cyane! Byakererewe cyane!” Ubutumwa buri gihe bugaragaza ibyiciro bibiri by’abaramya, kandi nk’uko byagenze mu mateka y’Abamilerite, abagenzi b’abapfapfa bakomeza nyuma y’uko ubutumwa nyakuri bw’Induru yo mu Gicuku buje, bakurikiye ubutumwa bw’ikinyoma. Bityo rero, mu mateka y’Abamilerite tubonamo umutwe wagize William Miller umuyobozi, mu gihe wangaga ubutumwa bw’umumarayika wa gatatu kandi urwanya umukumbi muto wakurikiye Kristo akinjira Ahera Cyane.
“Mu mutima wanjye narebeshejwe ibizabaho mu gihe kizaza, ubwo ikimenyetso kizatangirwa. ‘Dore Umukwe araje; nimusohoke mujye kumusanganira.’ Ariko bamwe bazaba barakererewe gushaka amavuta yo kongera ku matara yabo, maze bazabimenya bitinze ko imico, igereranywa n’amavuta, idashobora kwimurirwa ku wundi.” Review and Herald, February 11, 1896.
Ikimenyetso cya gatatu cy’inzira yo mu mateka ahishwe kigereranya urubanza kandi kigahagararirwa n’inyuguti ya nyuma y’inyuguti z’Igiheburayo. Iyo nyuguti ni “Tav,” kandi iyo yanditswe iba ifite ishusho y’umusaraba. Umusaraba ugereranya urubanza.
Kuva ku gucika intege kwa mbere mu mateka y’Abamilerite kugeza ku Gutaka kwa Saa Sita z’Igicuku, cyangwa kuva ku nyuguti ya mbere alpha kugeza ku nyuguti ya cumi n’eshatu, hari ikimenyetso cy’inzira kigereranya igihe runaka, kikaba ari cyo kimenyekana nk’igihe cyo gutinda mu mugani w’abakobwa cumi, icyo gihe cyo gutinda kikaba kandi kiri muri Habakuki igice cya kabiri. Uhereye ku Gutaka kwa Saa Sita z’Igicuku, cyangwa ku nyuguti ya cumi n’eshatu y’ubwigomeke, kugeza ku gucika intege gukomeye, ku nyuguti ya nyuma y’inyuguti zose, na ho hari ikindi gihe runaka cyiswe “umurimo w’ukwezi kwa karindwi,” atari ukubera ko wamaze amezi arindwi, ahubwo ni uko ubutumwa bw’Itaka rya Saa Sita z’Igicuku bwerekanaga ko Kristo yari kuza ku munsi wa cumi w’ukwezi kwa karindwi kuri kalindari y’Abayahudi, uwo ukaba wari Umunsi w’Impongano.
Imiterere y’inkuru iboneka mu butumwa bwiza bwa Yohana, uhereye ku gice cya cumi na kane kugeza ku cya cumi n’umunani, itangirira mu gihe kigereranya urugendo rwo mu kwezi kwa karindwi rwo mu mateka y’Abamilerite. Umuzigo w’iyo nkuru yo mu butumwa bwiza bwa Yohana ni ugutegurira abigishwa ikibazo gikomeye cy’umusaraba uri hafi kuza (inyuguti “Tav”). Ni cyo gituma Kristo agaragaza ko kuva ku rupfu rwe kugeza azamutse ajya kwa Se, kandi akazagaruka, byari kuzabera abigishwa be igihe cy’agahinda, kutamenya neza, no gucika intege. Nk’uko bimeze ku mimerere y’ubuhanuzi iranga gucika intege kwa mbere kose kugereranywa mu buhamya bw’imirongo y’ivugurura, uko gucika intege kuba kukubiyemo imimerere iterwa no kutita ku kuri kw’ingenzi kwari kwarahishuwe mbere. Urupfu rwa Kristo ku musaraba rwari kandi ni ukuri kw’ingenzi, kandi yari yarabwiye abigishwa mu buryo butaziguye ko azabambwa ku musaraba kandi akazazuka, ariko ikibazo gikomeye cyari gikabije cyane, kibarenze cyane, ku buryo bibagiwe ibyo bagombaga kuba bibutse.
“Igihe Kristo, Byiringiro bya Isirayeli, yamanikwaga ku musaraba kandi akazamurwa nk’uko yari yarabwiye Nikodemu ko ari ko bizagenda, ibyiringiro by’abigishwa byapfanye na Yesu. Ntibashoboraga gusobanura icyo kibazo. Ntibashoboraga gusobanukirwa byose Kristo yari yarababwiye mbere y’igihe kuri cyo.” Faith and Works, 63.
Umutwaro w’inkuru yose iri muri za ntambwe enye za Yohana turimo kuvugaho wari uwo Yesu yateguraga abigishwa Be igihe cy’ugucika intege bari kuzanyuramo, guhera ku ifatwa rya Yesu rya nijoro rikeye, kugeza ubwo Yagarukiye avuye kuzamuka kwa Se. Muri izo ntambwe enye za Yohana, icyo gihe Kristo yari yaragiye kure y’abigishwa gihagarariye igihe cyo gutinda. Mu mateka, icyo gihe, ndimo kugaragaza nk’igihe cyo gutinda, cyabaye nyuma y’ikibazo cy’umusaraba. Muri izo ntambwe enye tugiye gusuzuma, mu buryo bw’ubuhanuzi zigereranya igihe cyo gutinda gitangirana no gucika intege kwa mbere, atari nyuma yo gucika intege gukomeye kw’umusaraba.
Ni iki gituma mvuga ko ugutenguha kwa nyuma Kristo yarimo ategurira abigishwa be, kwashushanyaga ugutenguha kwa mbere, ari ko mu murongo w’ivugurura wa Kristo kwari urupfu rwa Lazaro? Iki kibazo kigomba gukemurwa mbere y’uko tubasha kubona inkuru iri muri ibyo bice bine byo muri Yohana mu mucyo ushyigikira ukuri kurimo guhishurwa ubu ku byerekeye amateka yahishwe y’inkuba ndwi.
Mu mateka ya Kristo, igihe kiri hagati y’urupfu n’izuka rya Lazaro gihura n’igihe cyo gutinda. Hanyuma Kristo ajya i Yerusalemu kugira ngo yinjiremo mu buryo bw’intsinzi. Muri Yohana 14, Kristo arimo avugana n’abigishwa Be mu gihe cy’amateka y’icyari kuba urugendo rw’ukwezi kwa karindwi, rwatangiye igihe cyo gutinda cyari cyaramaze kurangira ubwo ubutumwa bwo gutaka kwa saa sita z’ijoro bwageraga, ari bwo bwatangije urugendo rw’ukwezi kwa karindwi.
Kugira ngo dusobanukirwe uburyo ijambo ry’Igiheburayo risobanura “ukuri” ryemeza irangamimerere y’amateka yahishwe yari amaze gufungurwa avanywe mu mateka y’ikigereranyo y’inkuba ndwi, bisaba isesengura ryitondewe ry’ubutumwa Kristo yahaga abigishwa be icyo gihe muri Yohana igice cya cumi na kane kugeza ku gice cya cumi na karindwi. Urugero rw’uburyo ikimenyetso cy’inzira cy’ugucika intege gukomeye gikoreshwa mu kwerekana ikimenyetso cy’inzira cy’ugucika intege kwa mbere gishobora kugaragarira mu byabaye ku bigishwa bari mu nzira igana Emawusi.
Icyarangije igihe cyo gutinda mu mateka y’Abamilerite ni ugukosorwa kw’ihanura rya 1843 ryari ryarabanjirijeho rikanga. Umurimo wa Samuel Snow mu guteza imbere ubutumwa bwatangije urugendo rw’ukwezi kwa karindwi, rwageze ku iherezo mu Gucika Intege Gukomeye, ushobora gukurikiranwa mu mateka binyuze mu kureba uko Samuel Snow yagendaga arushaho gusobanukirwa, nk’uko bigaragarira mu nyandiko ze yasohoye no mu biganiro bye yagejeje ku ruhame byabanje Inama y’Ingando yabereye i Exeter. Ibisobanuro byahumetswe byegera iryo terambere mu buryo butandukanye n’ubwo kureba gusa iterambere ry’amateka y’ubutumwa bwa nyuma bwa Snow. Mushiki wa White atumenyesha ko ubwo butumwa bwamenyekanye igihe Uwiteka yakuye ukuboko kwe ku ikosa ryari mu mibare yo ku mbonerahamwe ya Habakkuk yo mu 1843.
“Mbona ubwoko bw’Imana buzirikanye umunezero mu byiringiro, butegereje Umwami wabwo. Ariko Imana yari yarateganyije kubagerageza. Ukuboko kwayo kwatwikiriye ikosa ryari mu kubara ibihe by’ubuhanuzi. Abari bategereje Umwami wabo ntibabonye iryo kosa, kandi n’abagabo b’abanyabwenge cyane barwanyaga icyo gihe na bo bananiwe kuribona. Imana yari yarateganyije ko ubwoko bwayo bugomba guhura no gucika intege. Igihe cyararenze, maze abari barategereje Umukiza wabo bafite ibyishimo by’ibyiringiro bagira agahinda kandi bacika intege, naho abatari barakunze kugaragara kwa Yesu, ahubwo bakakira ubutumwa bitewe n’ubwoba, bishimira ko ataje mu gihe yari yitezwe. Ukwatura kwabo ntikwari kwarakoze ku mutima no kweza imibereho. Kurenga kw’igihe kwari kwateguwe neza kugira ngo guhishure imitima nk’iyo. Ni bo babimburiye abandi guhinduka no gushinyagurira abababaye, bacitse intege, bari barakunze by’ukuri kugaragara k’Umukiza wabo. Nabonye ubwenge bw’Imana mu kugerageza ubwoko bwayo no kubuha ikigeragezo kibacengera kugira ngo hamenyekane abari kuzahinyuka no gusubira inyuma mu isaha y’ikigeragezo.”
“Yesu n’ingabo zo mu ijuru zose barebaga mu mpuhwe no mu rukundo abari barategerezanyije ibyishimo kubonana n’Uwo ubugingo bwabo bwakundaga. Abamarayika bari babagose hejuru, kugira ngo babakomereze mu gihe cy’ikigeragezo cyabo. Abari barirengagije kwakira ubutumwa bwo mu ijuru basigaye mu mwijima, kandi uburakari bw’Imana burabakomezaho, kuko batashatse kwakira umucyo yari yaraboherereje avuye mu ijuru. Abo bizerwa, nubwo bari bacitse intege, batashoboraga gusobanukirwa impamvu Umwami wabo ataje, ntibasizwe mu mwijima. Bongeye kuyoborwa kuri Bibiliya zabo kugira ngo bashakishe ibihe by’ubuhanuzi. Ukuboko k’Umwami kwavanwe ku mibare, kandi ikosa rirasobanurwa. Babonye ko ibihe by’ubuhanuzi byageraga mu mwaka wa 1844, kandi ko ibihamya bimwe bari baratanze kugira ngo berekane ko ibihe by’ubuhanuzi byarangiraga mu 1843, byagaragazaga ko byagombaga kurangira mu 1844. Umucyo uva mu Ijambo ry’Imana wamurikiye uko bari bahagaze, maze bavumbura igihe cyo gutinda—‘Nubwo ryatinda, uritegereze.’ Mu rukundo rwabo rwo kwifuza ukuza kwa Kristo kutazuyaje, bari barirengagije ugutinda kw’iyerekwa, kwari kugamije kugaragaza abategereje by’ukuri. Bongeye kugira ingingo y’igihe. Nyamara nabonye ko benshi muri bo batashoboraga kuzamuka ngo barenge uku gucika intege gukomeye kwabo, kugira ngo bagire urwo rugero rw’umwete n’imbaraga byaranze kwizera kwabo mu 1843.”
“Satani n’abamarayika be babanesheje, kandi abatumvaga ubutumwa ntibubwemere bishimiraga bo ubwabo, bishongora ko bagaragaje ubushishozi n’ubwenge bwo kurebera kure kubera ko batemeye icyo bise ubuyobe. Ntibamenye ko banze inama y’Imana ibareba bo ubwabo, kandi ko bakoranaga na Satani n’abamarayika be mu gutera urujijo ubwoko bw’Imana, bwari buriho bugaragaza ubutumwa bwoherejwe n’ijuru.”
“Abizera muri ubu butumwa baratotezwaga mu matorero. Mu gihe runaka, abatarashakaga kwakira ubutumwa babujijwe n’ubwoba kugaragaza ibyari biri mu mitima yabo; ariko ugushira kw’igihe kwahishuye amarangamutima yabo nyakuri. Bashakaga gucecekesha ubuhamya abo bari bategereje bumvaga bahatiwe gutanga, ko ibihe by’ubuhanuzi byageze mu mwaka wa 1844. Mu buryo busobanutse, abizera basobanuye ikosa ryabo kandi batanga impamvu zatumye bategereza Umwami wabo mu mwaka wa 1844. Ababarwanyaga ntibashoboraga kuzana ingingo n’imwe ihakana impamvu zikomeye zatanzwe. Nyamara uburakari bw’amatorero bwarakongejwe; bari biyemeje kutumva ibihamya, no gukumira ubuhamya mu matorero, kugira ngo abandi batabwumva. Abatinyukaga kutima abandi umucyo Imana yari yarabahaye, birukanwaga mu matorero; ariko Yesu yari kumwe na bo, kandi bishimiraga umucyo wo mu maso he. Bari biteguye kwakira ubutumwa bwa marayika wa kabiri.” Early Writings, 235–237.
Amateka amaze kuvugwa asobanura, mu bindi, ibyabaye ku wa 18 Nyakanga 2020; nyamara ingingo nifuza ko mutekerezaho ni uko imyumvire ihagarariwe n’ubutumwa bw’Induru yo Mu Gicuku nk’uko bwatanzwe na Samuel Snow mu materaniro y’inkambi yabereye Exeter, idahagarariwe n’umurimo wa Snow wo mu mateka, ahubwo ihagarariwe n’igikorwa cy’ukuboko kw’Umwami. Ukuboko kwe kwari kwatwikiriye ikosa, kandi igihe yavanagaho ukuboko kwe ni bwo Abamilerite bashoboraga gusobanukirwa ugutenguha kwabo, kandi bakanasobanukirwa ko bari barabaye mu gihe gihagarariwe nk’igihe cyo gutinda.
Gukuraho ukuboko kwe ni ingenzi y’ingenzi y’ingenzi y’ingenzi y’ingenzi y’ingenzi y’ingenzi y’ingenzi y’ingenzi y’ingenzi y’ingenzi y’ingenzi y’abigishwa bari mu nzira igana i Emawusi. Bigereranya iherezo ry’igihe kizwi nk’igihe cyo gutegereza, kandi bigasozwa n’ubwumvikane bugaragazwa n’ubutumwa bw’Induru ya Saa Sita z’ijoro. Nyamara ishusho ya Emawusi yabaye nyuma y’umusaraba, ugereranya Icyago Gikomeye, atari ugucika intege kwa mbere kw’urupfu rwa Lazaro.
Nuko, babiri muri bo muri uwo munsi bajyaga mu mudugudu witwaga Emawusi, wari ku bilometero nk’icumi n’umwe uvuye i Yerusalemu. Kandi baganiraga hamwe kuri ibyo bintu byose byari byabayeho. Nuko mu gihe bavuganaga kandi bajya impaka, Yesu ubwe arabegera, ajyana na bo. Ariko amaso yabo arakingirwa ngo batamumenya. Arababaza ati: “Ni magambo ki mugenda mubwirana, uko mugenda, mugashengurwa n’agahinda?” Luka 24:13–16.
Ijambo “amaso” rikoreshwa muri uwo murongo risobanura ukubona, kuruta uko ryaba ririko rivuga urugingo nyarwo rw’ijisho. Ijambo “holden” risobanura inkomezi. Abigishwa ntibashoboye gutahura iyerekwa ry’umusaraba, kuko Kristo yari apfutse ubushobozi bwabo bwo kubona iyerekwa ry’ubuhanuzi ry’umusaraba. Ukuboko kwa Kristo ni ikimenyetso c’inkomezi ziwe. Umubabaro Yesu yagaragaje washushanya ugucika intege kwabo gukomeye. Inyuma y’iyindi mishikirano y’abo bigishwa bari bacitse intege, Kristo yatanguye kuvuga.
Nuko arababwira ati: “Yemwe bapfapfa, kandi imitima yanyu itinda kwemera ibyo abahanuzi bavuze byose! Mbese Kristo ntiyari akwiriye kubabazwa ibyo bintu, hanyuma akinjira mu bwiza bwe?” Nuko ahera kuri Mose no ku bahanuzi bose, abasobanurira mu Byanditswe byose ibyerekeye we ubwe. Maze begera umudugudu bajyagamo; ariko we yigenza nk’ushaka gukomeza urugendo. Baramwinginga bati: “Gumana natwe, kuko bugorobye kandi umunsi ugiye gucya.” Nuko yinjira kubana na bo. Luka 24:25–29.
Yesu yigishije abigishwa akoresheje uburyo bwa “historicist” bwo gusobanura Bibiliya, azana imirongo y’ubuhanuzi uhereye kuri Mose ikomeza kunyura mu mateka yera kugira ngo hamenyekane amateka y’umusaraba. Yesu yakoresheje imirongo y’amateka y’ubuhanuzi yo mu gihe cyashize, igereranya inzira za kera n’uburyo bwo gusobanura umurongo ku wundi, kugira ngo yigishe abigishwa bari bacitse intege. Igihe yasaga n’ugomba gukomeza urugendo atabari kumwe, baramwinginga ngo yinjire abane na bo igihe gito. Bari mu gihe cyo gutinda, kandi Kristo yari agiye gukura ikiganza cye ku maso yabo. Igihe ikiganza cye cyakurwagaho, igihe cyo gutinda cyari kurangira, maze ubwo bihutishaga banyura mu mwijima basubira i Yerusalemu no ku bigishwa cumi n’umwe, bagaragazaga umuvuduko ubutumwa bwo Gutaka kwa Saa Sita y’Igicuku bwakwirakiyemo.
Nuko bibayeho, ubwo yari yicaye basangira, afata umugati, arawuha umugisha, arawumanyagura, maze arawubaha. Nuko amaso yabo arahumuka, baramumenya; maze abura batakimumureba. Luka 24:31.
Yesu akura ikiganza cye cyari gifashe ubwenge bwabo ngo batamenya iyerekwa ry’ubuhanuzi; maze akimara kubikora, baramumenya. Yesu yari yabazaniye ubutumwa bw’Induru yo mu Gicuku, kandi babwakiriye bari ku meza, kuko buri butumwa bugomba kuribwa. Ako kanya bihutiye kugenda “nk’umuraba ukomeye usakara igihugu cyose” kubibwira abigishwa cumi n’umwe.
Nuko babwirana bati: “Mbese imitima yacu ntiyagurumanaga muri twe, ubwo yavuganaga natwe mu nzira, kandi akadusobanurira Ibyanditswe?” Bahaguruka muri iryo saha nyine, basubira i Yerusalemu, basanga ba cumi n’umwe bateranye hamwe, n’abari kumwe na bo, bavuga bati: “Umwami yazutse koko, kandi yabonekeye Simoni.” Na bo babatekerereza ibyabereye mu nzira, n’uko bamumenye mu kumanyagura umugati. Bakivuga ibyo, Yesu ubwe ahagarara hagati muri bo, arababwira ati: “Amahoro abe muri mwe.” Ariko bo barahagarika umutima cyane, baratinya, bibwira ko babonye umuzimu. Arababaza ati: “Ni iki kibahagarika imitima? Kandi ni iki gituma ibyo mutekereza bivuka mu mitima yanyu? Nimurebe amaboko yanjye n’ibirenge byanjye, mumenye ko ari jye ubwanjye. Munkoreho, murebe; kuko umuzimu udafite inyama n’amagufwa nk’uko mumbona mbifite.” Amaze kuvuga atyo, abereka amaboko ye n’ibirenge bye. Ariko bagishidikanya bitewe n’ibyishimo, kandi bagitangara, arababaza ati: “Hari icyo mufite hano cyo kurya?” Bamuha umugabane w’ifioke yokeje n’ikimamara cy’ubuki. Arabifata, abirira imbere yabo. Arababwira ati: “Aya ni yo magambo nababwiye nkiri kumwe namwe, yuko ibyanditswe byose kuri jye mu mategeko ya Mose, no mu bahanuzi, no muri Zaburi, bigomba gusohora.” Maze abungura ubwenge, kugira ngo basobanukirwe n’Ibyanditswe. Luka 24:32–45.
Nk’uko byagendekeye abigishwa bari mu nzira ijya i Emawusi, Yesu atanga ubutumwa yifashishije amateka yera ya kera yo muri Bibiliya kugira ngo asobanure amateka y’urupfu rwe n’umuzuko we, kandi yabikoze abaha urugero rw’ukurya. Ubwoko bw’Imana bugomba kurya ubutumwa. Mu gushidikanya kwabo no mu gahinda kabo, Yesu asoza igihe cyo gutinda cyabayeho uhereye ku rupfu rwe kugeza ku muzuko we, izamurwa rye no kugaruka kwe, abumbura ubwenge bwabo ku butumwa bw’ukuri kw’iki gihe bwari bushingiye ku mateka yera ya kera yahurizwaga hamwe, umurongo ku murongo.
Ni cyo gituma abigishwa bombi bari mu nzira ijya i Emawusi (bahagarariye marayika wa kabiri uhuje kandi ugahabwa imbaraga n’ubutumwa bw’Ijwi ryo mu Gicuku) bagaragaza ko igihe cyo gutinda cyakurikiye umusaraba ari cyo gihe cyo gutinda cyabanje Ijwi ryo mu Gicuku. Bityo rero, gucika intege kw’uwo mwigishwa kugereranya ugucika intege kwa mbere mu murongo w’ubuhanuzi, si ugucika intege gukomeye.
Inkuru ya Emawusi noneho yongera gusubirwamo ku bigishwa cumi n’umwe bari bacitse intege. Yesu yifatanya na bo, akabigisha isohozwa ry’ijambo ry’ubuhanuzi binyuze mu buryo bwa “historicism,” hanyuma akabumburira ubwenge, ari na ko basangira ibyokurya. Intangiriro y’iyo nkuru iranga iherezo ryayo. Nuko Yesu ashyiraho umuhamya wa gatatu wemeza ko ugucika intege kw’umusaraba gushobora gukoreshwa mu buhanuzi ku gucika intege kwa mbere. Atanga uwo muhamya wa gatatu ku miterere y’ayo mateka ababwira kuguma i Yerusalemu kugeza ubwo bazahererwa imbaraga ziturutse mu ijuru.
Arababwira ati: “Uku ni ko byanditswe, kandi ni ko byari bikwiriye ko Kristo ababara, akazuka mu bapfuye ku munsi wa gatatu; kandi ko mu izina rye kwihana no kubabarirwa ibyaha bizabwirizwa amahanga yose, uhereye i Yerusalemu. Kandi mwe muri abagabo b’ibyo. Kandi dore, mboherereza ibyo Data yasezeranije; ariko mugume mu murwa wa Yerusalemu, kugeza ubwo muzambikwa imbaraga zivuye mu ijuru.” Nuko abajyana hanze ageza i Betaniya, arambura amaboko ye, arabahesha umugisha. Maze igihe yabaheshaga umugisha, abatandukana na bo, ajyanwa mu ijuru. Na bo baramuramya, basubira i Yerusalemu bafite ibyishimo byinshi; kandi bahoraga mu rusengero iteka, bashima kandi bahimbaza Imana. Amen. Luka 24:46–53.
Urugero rw’abigishwa bari mu nzira ijya i Emawusi rugaragaza igihe cyo gutinda cyatangiriye ku rupfu rwe rukageza igihe yazukiraga kandi akazamukirira kwa Se. Igihe cyo gutinda cyarangiriye ku bigishwa b’i Emawusi ubwo ubutumwa bw’ibyabereye ku musaraba bwashingwaga imizi n’uburyo bwo guhuriza hamwe imirongo y’amateka yera yo mu bihe byashize, umurongo ku wundi. Hanyuma ubwo butumwa butwarwa n’abigishwa vuba cyane uko bashoboraga kubutwara. Hanyuma Yesu ahura n’abigishwa cumi n’umwe, hongeye kuvugwa kurya ifunguro, hakoreshwa umurongo ku wundi kugira ngo ubutumwa bugaragazwe, kandi kimwe n’uko byagenze ku bigishwa b’i Emawusi, abumburira ubwenge hanyuma aragenda. Ariko si mbere y’uko agaragaza amateka yo gutinda i Yerusalemu kugeza igihe cyo gutinda kirangiriye no kuza kwa Mwuka Wera kuri Pentekote.
Igihe Yesu yabwiraga abigishwa Be kuguma i Yerusalemu, byari iherezo ry’inkuru y’umuhanda ujya i Emawusi. Intangiriro y’iyo nkuru yagaragazaga ugucika intege, hagakurikiraho igihe cyo gutegereza, hagakurikiraho guhishurirwa ukuri kugereranya ubutumwa bw’Induru yo mu Gicuku. Iryo hishurirwa ry’ukuri ryasohoye ubwo Kristo yakuragaho ukuboko Kwe, kwari “kwabujije” amaso y’abigishwa kureba. Ibyo ni byo ntangiriro y’inkuru, kandi igice cyo hagati cy’inkuru gisubirwamo n’iyo nkuru nyine igihe Kristo yakuragaho ugucika intege kwa ba bigishwa cumi n’umwe yiyerekanye kandi agakingura ubwenge bwabo ngo basobanukirwe n’Ijambo Rye. Hanyuma hakurikiraho ubuhamya bwa nyuma bw’iyo miterere y’ubuhanuzi imwe n’imwe itangirana n’ugucika intege kwa mbere, si ugucika intege gukomeye.
Amateka kuva i Emawusi kugeza kuri Pentekote atanga abagabo batatu bo guhamya iby’ugucika intege kwa mbere, igihe cyo gutinda n’Ijwi rya Saa Sita z’ijoro, nyamara ugucika intege nyakuri ari ko kimenyetso nyamukuru ku ntangiriro ya buri gihamya muri ibyo bitatu, mu by’ukuri kwari ugucika intege kwa kabiri, si ukwa mbere. Kumenya ko ikimenyetso nyamukuru ari cyo Gucika Intege Gukomeye mu mateka y’Abamillerite gikoreshwa mu kugaragaza ugucika intege kwa mbere mu mateka y’Abamillerite ni ingenzi kugira ngo dusobanukirwe inkuru dusanga mu bice bine bya Yohana bibera hagati yo kurya kwabereye ku ifunguro rya nyuma no gufatwa kwabereye mu gicuku mu busitani bwa Getsemani. Birakwiye kumenya ko igihe Yesu yabonekeraga abigishwa cumi n’umwe akarya hamwe na bo, yababajije ati: “Ni iki kibahagarika umutima? kandi ni iki gituma ibitekerezo bizamuka mu mitima yanyu?”
Ako kanya amaze kurya Ifunguro rya Nyuma nk’uko byanditswe mu gitabo cya Yohana, umurongo tugiye kuzirikana utangirana n’amagambo ya Kristo ababwira ati: “Imitima yanyu ntihagarare.” Mu minsi itanu gusa, bari bibagiwe iryo tegeko nyine. Igice cya cumi na kane kugeza ku cya cumi na karindwi by’Ubutumwa Bwiza bwa Yohana bigereranya ugutenguha kwa mbere ko ku wa 18 Nyakanga 2020, gutangiza igihe cyo gutinda, kigana ku Ihishurwa rya Yesu Kristo rikurwaho ikimenyetso mbere gato y’uko igihe cy’igeragezwa kirangira, kandi bikaba bigereranya ubutumwa bwo Gutaka kwa Saa Sita z’Ijoro. Ubutumwa bwabwo butangiza igihe cyagereranyijwe n’umuhaguruko wo mu kwezi kwa karindwi kandi bukaba bwanagitswe n’isiganwa ry’abigishwa b’i Emawusi basubira i Yerusalemu mu ijoro rikomeye cyane. Uwo mateka ni wo ugereranywa n’inyuguti eshatu z’Igiheburayo Kristo yakoresheje mu kwiyerekana nk’“Ukuri.”
Ni mu nkuru iboneka muri ibyo bice bine bya Yohana aho dusanga atari gusa ko umurimo wa Mwuka Wera ugaragazwa nk’intambwe zimwe z’ijambo ubwaryo, ahubwo ari na ho haboneka ibihamya biruta ibindi byose bishyigikira ibyavuzwe ubu, yuko isohozwa rya nyuma ry’ubutumwa bw’Induru yo mu Gicuku riri gutangwa buhoro buhoro mu materaniro y’inkambi yabereye i Exeter, guhera ku itariki ya cumi na kabiri Kanama kugeza ku ya cumi na karindwi. Igihe ubwo butumwa buzaba bumaze kwemerwa burundu n’abera bategereje, isi izarohama mu kaga k’itegeko ryo ku Cyumweru, ubwo abo ntumwa bazaba bajyanye ubutumwa bwa nyuma bw’umuburo bwo mu “minsi y’imperuka” ku isi iri gupfa.