Panium - Inombolo Yeshumi Nesikhombisa

NgoJulayi 18, 2020 kwafika ukudumala kokuqala komnyakazo wabakhulu abayikhulu namashumi amane nane ezinkulungwane. Kwenzeka ngaphakathi “emlandweni ofihlekile” wevesi lamashumi amane likaDaniyeli ishumi nanye. Ukudumala kwenzeka sekukude phakathi kwalowo “mlando ofihlekile”—umlando owaqala ngokuwohloka kweSoviet Union ngo-1989. Ivesi lamashumi amane nanye limelela umthetho weSonto e-United States, futhi lowo umelwe futhi evesini leshumi nesithupha sesahluko esifanayo. “Ukuvulwa” kwamaqiniso akha “umlando ofihlekile” wevesi lamashumi amane ngo-2023 kwethulwa nguDaniyeli esahlukweni seshumi nambili. Izahluko zeshumi kuya kweshumi nambili zingumbono ofanayo, futhi lowo mbono uqala ngokukhomba ukuthi uDaniyeli umelela “abahlakaniphileyo” abaqonda yomibili imiyalezo yangaphakathi neyangaphandle yesiprofetho, okuthe lapho kwamelelwa ngokuthi “le nto” kanye “nombono.”

“Izinto” kanye “nombono” kumele imiboniso yangaphakathi nangaphandle yesiprofetho, futhi uDaniyeli umelela abantu abaqonda kokubili, ngokuba kokubili “into” kanye “nombono” “kwambulwa” kuDaniyeli esahlukweni seshumi. Kuleso sahluko, ngosuku lwamashumi amabili nambili, umbono kaKristu esendaweni engcwele “wambulwa” kuDaniyeli. Igama lesiHebheru elihunyushwe ngokuthi “into” lihunyushwe ngokuthi “udaba” esahlukweni sesishiyagalolunye, futhi nalo lavezwa lapho lihlobene “nombono.”

Igama elithi “thing” esahlukweni seshumi liyilo kanye igama elihunyushwe ngokuthi “matter” evesini lamashumi amabili nantathu lesahluko sesishiyagalolunye. Embonweni wokugcina kaDaniyeli osezahlukweni zeshumi kuya kweleshumi nambili, “thing” lesahluko seleshumi nanye noma “matter” lesahluko seshumi kokubili kuhlobene “nombono.” “Umbono” uyigama lesiHeberu elithi “mareh,” futhi lisho “ukubonakala.” UDaniyeli ukhomba “imibono” emibili encwadini yakhe, nakuba owodwa kuleyo mibono emibili uvezwa ngesimo sobulili besifazane, bese uphinde uvezwe ngesimo sobulili besilisa. UDaniyeli evesini lokuqala lesahluko seshumi uveza labo abaqonda “umbono” wokubonakala, kanye futhi “nendaba” noma “nento.” Esahlukweni sesishiyagalombili uDaniyeli ukhomba “imibono” emibili exhumene komunye nomunye. EsiNgisini igama elithi vision litholakala izikhathi eziyisishiyagalombili kuleso sahluko, futhi elinye lamagama esiHeberu ahunyushwe ngokuthi “vision” lithi “mareh,” kanti elinye lithi “chazon.” IMareh isho “ukubonakala,” kanti ichazon isho “iphupho, isambulo noma izwi lesiprofetho.” Umongo wesahluko sesishiyagalombili uqinisa ukuthi lapho igama elithi “mareh” lihunyushwa ngokuthi “vision” limelela “ukubonakala kukaKristu.”

Njengesibonelo, yi-“mareh” noma “umbono wokubonakala” kuDaniyeli 8:14, okusho ukuthi ngo-Okthoba 22, 1844 uKristu wayezovela ngokuzuma ethempelini ekugcwalisekeni koMthunywa weSivumelwano kaMalaki isahluko sesithathu, uDade White athi kwagcwaliseka ngo-Okthoba 22, 1844. Lapho uDade White ekhomba ukuthi ingelosi yesAmbulo ishumi eyehla yabeka unyawo olulodwa emhlabeni nolunye olwandle yayiyi-“siqu esingekho ngaphansi kukaJesu Kristu” wayekhomba uphawu lwendlela esiprofethweni lapho uKristu evela khona. Kungokunye kokubonakala kwakhe okuningi. Wabonakala ekuvukeni kukaMose ngokukaJuda. Lapho wabonakala njengoMikayeli ingelosi enkulu, kodwa nokho kwakungukubonakala kwesiprofetho. Umbono we-mareh esahlukweni sesishiyagalombili ubuye uhunyushwe ngokuthi “ukubonakala,” ngokuvumelana nencazelo yawo.

Umongo lapha uveza ukuthi kwakuyingelosi uGabriyeli eyayino-“kubonakala komuntu,” futhi igama elithi “ukubonakala” liyisibonakalo se-mareh sombono kaKristu; ngokuba njengoba uKristu emelwe nguMikayeli ingelosi enkulu, nangengelosi enamandla yesAmbulo ishumi, uKristu ngokwesiprofetho uyashintshiselana nomfanekiso wezingelosi, ngisho nowabantu. Noma kunguGabriyeli kuleli vesi, noma kunguKristu kusAmbulo ishumi, noma enguMikayeli ingelosi enkulu, ngamunye wabo umelela umlayezo, futhi ngenxa yalesi sizathu uDade White uqhathanisa izingelosi zesAmbulo kokubili nomlayezo eziwumeleyo kanye nabantu abamemezela umlayezo omelelwa yizingelosi. Leli qiniso libaluleke kakhulu kangangokuthi phakathi kwamavesi amathathu okuqala esAmbulo isahluko sokuqala, lawo mavesi amathathu amemezela ukuvulwa kweSambulo sikaJesu Kristu, ngaphambi nje kokuvalwa komusa, ngokuba “isikhathi sesisondele,” inqubo yokuxhumana kukaNkulunkulu nomuntu ichazwa ngokukhethekile njengomlayezo ovela kuYise, owanikwa iNdodana, yona-ke eyabe isinika ingelosi lowo mlayezo, yona-ke yawuyisa kumuntu, lowo naye wawuthumela emabandleni. Zonke izinyathelo zale nqubo yokuxhumana zingcwele futhi ziyimfihlakalo engcwele, futhi lobo bungcwele obungcwelisiweyo bumelelwa ezimpawini zesiprofetho lapho uKristu ebonakala enguYena uqobo, noma ngengelosi, umuntu noma umlayezo. Lapho ezihlanganisa khona ngokuqondile nofakazi wesibonakaliso, kuba “umbono wokubonakala” we-“mareh.”

Esahlukweni sesishiyagalombili, “chazon” yilona elinye igama lesiHeberu elihunyushwa ngokuthi “umbono.” Ngokuphathelene “nokubonakala,” umbono we-“marah” ukhomba uphawu lwendlela, kanti umbono we-“chazon” ukhomba inkathi yesiprofetho. Kukhona ukuvumelana kwasezulwini ngala magama amabili ahunyushwa ngokuthi “umbono” esahlukweni sesishiyagalombili, ngomqondo wokuthi igama lesiHeberu elithi “mareh” lisetshenziswa futhi nguDaniyeli esimweni salo sobufazi esithi “marah.” Nge-“chazon” uDaniyeli ulumela ngezindlela ezimbili, kodwa hhayi ngokwehluka kobuduna nobufazi, kunalokho ngamazwi amabili akhomba incazelo efanayo, kodwa ngokwenza kanjalo, ayanda ngokuphindaphindeka okukhulu.

I-Chazon isho umbono, noma isambulo, noma isiprofetho; kanti igama elihunyushwa ngesiNgisi ngokuthi “matter” noma “thing” yigama lesiHeberu elithi “dabar,” elisho ukuthi “izwi.” Lapho kuqondwa ukuthi umbono “chazon” nawo umelelwa nguDaniyeli ngegama elithi “dabar,” khona-ke ndawonye kumele izigijimi zesiprofetho zeZwi likaNkulunkulu. UDaniyeli njalo umehlukanisa “dabar” noma “chazon” no-“mareh.” Lapho kubhekwa ezingeni lesiprofetho, “izigijimi zesiprofetho zeZwi likaNkulunkulu,” njengoba zimelelwa “dabar” no-“chazon,” lapho zihlanganiswa nombono “marah” wokubonakala kukaKristu, khona-ke usuba nezimpawu ezingcwele zomlando wesiprofetho weZwi likaNkulunkulu. Khona-ke uma wengeza “marah,” isimo sobulili besifazane segama elithi “mareh,” kulolu chungechunge lwezincazelo zombono kuDaniyeli, usuba nombono wesibuko wokulungisiswa ngokukholwa.

Embikweni wokugcina kaDaniyeli, omelwe izahluko ezintathu zokugcina zencwadi yakhe, uDaniyeli umele abantu bezinsuku zokugcina abaqonda “imibono yesiprofetho” “yeZwi likaNkulunkulu,” kanye nobungcwele bezimpawu ezingcwele zendlela ezakha ukunyakaza kokuguqulwa kwabeyikhulu namashumi amane nane ezinkulungwane, ngokuba yibo abalandela iWundlu nomaphi lapho Liya khona eZwini laLo elingcwele lesiprofetho. Njengoba belandela iWundlu, Libaholela embonweni wesibuko kaDaniyeli 10:7 lapho bengase babaleke bayocasha ngaphansi kwephutha, lapho bengcwatshwa khona kuze kube phakade, noma bathotshiswe othulini, balungisiswe, banikwe amandla okunikeza umlayezo wesiprofetho wezinsuku zokugcina.

UGabriyeli uyala uDaniyeli ukuba “aqonde” kokubili “udaba” kanye “nombono.” Igama lesiHebheru elihunyushwe ngokuthi “qonda” lisho “ukwenza umehluko engqondweni.” UDaniyeli, omele mina nawe, mfundi othandekayo, wayalelwa ukuba aqonde umehluko nokwehluka phakathi “kodaba” kanye “nombono.” Umbono we-chazon umele umugqa wangaphandle womlando wesiprofetho, kanti umbono we-mareh umele ukubonakala kukaKristu. “Udaba” kanye “nento” kuyigama lesiHebheru elithi “dabar,” elisho izwi. UJesu ungu “dabar,” ngokuba Yena unguLizwi. “Into” kanye “nodaba,” kokubili kuyiyo “dabar,” kwethulwa kuhlobene nombono wokubonakala.

I-dabar, okuyindaba kanye nento, iyona futhi i-chazon yombono wesahluko sesishiyagalombili, futhi imele umbono womlando wesiprofetho. Ngayinye yalezo zimelo (chazon, dabar, udaba kanye nento) ikhomba umugqa wangaphandle wesiprofetho, kanti i-mareh, kanye nokubonakaliswa kwayo kwesifazane okungu-marah, kumelela umugqa wangaphakathi wesiprofetho. Abantu bakaNkulunkulu bezinsuku zokugcina, abamelwe evesini lokuqala likaDaniyeli ishumi, bayaqonda kokubili imigqa yangaphakathi neyangaphandle yomlando wesiprofetho. Encwadini yesAmbulo, umugqa wangaphakathi umelelwa ngamabandla ayisikhombisa, kanti umugqa wangaphandle umelelwa yizimpawu eziyisikhombisa.

Ngenkathi uDaniyeli ebona umbono kaKristu emva kokuzila ukudla kwezinsuku ezingamashumi amabili nanye, wabona ukuvezwa kobulili besifazane bombono we-mareh. I-mareh “ingukubonakala,” futhi lapho uDaniyeli ebona uKristu, wabona umbono “we-marah”; nakuba i-mareh isho ukubonakala, ubulili besifazane balelo gama elifanayo busho “isibuko.” USister White usazisa ukuthi umbono uDaniyeli awubona kwakuwumbono lowo uJohane awubona, futhi uJohane wawubona lowo mbono ngesikhathi uKristu esendlini engcwele yasezulwini.

UDaniyeli uyaliqonda “udaba” kanye “nombono,” futhi ubizwa njengoDaniyeli futhi kanjalo njengoBelteshazari. Ukuguqulwa kwegama esiprofethweni kumela ubudlelwane besivumelwano, ngakho uDaniyeli umele abantu bokugcina besivumelwano, abangamakhulu ayikhulu namashumi amane nane ezinkulungwane, abavivinywa ngombono kaKristu ethempelini. Lolo vivinyo lubangela ukwahlukaniswa kwezigaba ezimbili zabakhulekeli.

UDaniyeli ukhomba ngokuqondile uvivinyo lwesibili nolwethempeli oluhlotshaniswa nabantu bakaNkulunkulu bezinsuku zokugcina; uvivinyo olusekelwe ekuboneni uKristu endaweni engcwele yasezulwini. Umbono wevesi lesikhombisa uyisifazane wombono we-mareh, omelwe njengombono we-marah. Uma usabela embonweni wethempeli kaKristu ngendlela emelwe ukuphendula kukaDaniyeli, “into” engokwesiprofetho nombono “ongokwesiprofetho” kuyokwambulwa kuwe.

Uma uzihlanganisa nombono wethempeli kaKristu lowo lowo ngokubalekela ukuyocasha, ungena ebumnyameni baphakade. Ukuhlolwa kwethempeli, okuyisivivinyo sesibili sezinyathelo ezintathu zevangeli laphakade, kwandulelwa yisivivinyo sokuqala nesiyisisekelo. Umbuzo ovivinyayo wezisekelo umelwe evesini leshumi nane likaDaniyeli ishumi nanye, lapho iRoma imelwe khona ngokuthi “abaphangi babantu bakho” abasungula “umbono.”

Ezinsukwini ezintathu nengxenye emva kokudumazeka kwangoJulayi 18, 2020, ngoDisemba 31, 2023 isAmbulo sikaJesu Kristu saqala ukuvulwa, ngoba “isikhathi sase siseduze.”

“Isikhathi” esikhomba ukwambulwa kokuvulwa kweSambulo sikaJesu Kristu sikhonjiswe ekuqaleni kwencwadi yeSambulo, futhi ekupheleni kwencwadi isimemezelo esifanayo senezelela esitatimendeni se-alpha ngesitatimende se-omega.

Isambulo sikaJesu Kristu siyavulwa kancane nje ngaphambi kokuba kuvalwe isikhathi somusa. Ngosuku lwamashumi amabili nambili, kulandela ukuzila kwezinsuku ezingamashumi amabili nanye, “into,” yona futhi “indaba,” yona futhi i-dabar noma iZwi, yona futhi umbono we-chazon womlando wangaphandle wesiprofetho, yembulwa kuDaniyeli ngesikhathi ehlangabezana nombono wesibuko, i-marah, womPristi oMkhulu wasezulwini eNdaweni eNgcwelengcwele Kakhulu.

UDaniyeli umele labo abanokuhlangenwe nakho kombono wesibuko, futhi abaqonda nokubonakala kukaKristu okwesiprofetho, kanye nomlando wangaphandle omelwe ngumbono we-chazon. Umbono we-marah umele uKristu njengophawu lwendlela olungokwesiprofetho, futhi ubulili besifazane balelo zwi elifanayo bumele ulwazi oluzalwa ngokubuka inkazimulo kaNkulunkulu, njengoba lumelwe nguDaniyeli, uJohane, u-Isaya, uDadewethu White, nabanye abaprofethi.

Kuleli zinga umbono wangaphandle we-chazon umelela uvivinyo oluyisisekelo, futhi umbono we-mareh wokubonakala kukaKristu ohlelweni lwesiprofetho lwezehlakalo uwuvivinyo lwethempeli. Ingabe uKristu usebonakele eNdaweni eNgcwelengcwele kakhulu ngaphakathi kweyakho iNdawo eNgcwelengcwele kakhulu? Yilapho ubuNkulunkulu buhlanganiswa khona nobuntu. Lolu uvivinyo okumelwe ludluliswe, ngaphambi kokuba isikhathi somusa sivalwe ovivinyweni lwe-litmus. Uvivinyo lwe-litmus olubonakalisa isimilo luwumbono wesibuko wokubuka we-marah.

NgoDisemba 31, 2023, kwaqala ukuvivinywa kwangaphandle kwesisekelo phezu “kwabaphangi babantu bakho” bevesi leshumi nane, futhi lapho upapa wamanje egcotshwa ngoMeyi 8, 2025 “umbono” wevesi leshumi nane wamiswa. Ukuvivinywa okuyisisekelo kwathuthela ekuvivinyweni kwethempeli. Kusukela ngoMeyi 9, 2025 ukuvivinywa kwethempeli bekulokhu kuqhubeka. Ukuvuka kofakazi ababili ngoDisemba 31, 2023, kwakumelwe evesini leshumi nanye lesAmbulo ishumi nanye, futhi ukuvuka okwaqala ngalolo suku kwenzeka phakathi nesikhathi seMpi yase-Ukraine eyaqala ngo-2014, yakhuphuka ngamandla ngo-2022. Imigqa yangaphandle neyangaphakathi yesiprofetho yahlangana kulowo mlando. NgoDisemba 31, 2023, umsebenzi wokubeka isisekelo wawusuqhubeka, umsebenzi ofanekiselwa ngumlando ka-1798 kuya ku-1840, futhi nangoka-1840 kuya ku-1844, futhi futhi ngo-Ephreli 19, 1844 kuya ku-Okthoba 22, 1844.

UDaniyeli isahluko seshumi nanye ivesi leshumi nanye, wafinyelela emlandweni njengomugqa wangaphandle wesiprofetho futhi waxhumana nawo lowo kanye umlando ongumugqa wangaphakathi weSambulo isahluko seshumi nanye. Ngo-2014, kwaqala iMpi yase-Ukraine, njengoba ifanekiswe yimpi yaseRaphia ngo-217 BC. Ngo-2015, inkosi yesine, futhi ecebe kakhulu, yevesi lesibili likaDaniyeli isahluko seshumi nanye, yasukuma yamemezela inhloso yayo yokungenela isikhundla sikamongameli. Leso simemezelo sathukuthelisa abezwe abacabanga njengodrako emhlabeni wonke, abamelwe njengombuso waseGrisi.

ISambulo ishumi nanye, ivesi leshumi nanye, yabonisa uDisemba 31, 2023 njengendawo lapho ofakazi ababili bavuswa khona. Isikhathi esisuka kuJulayi 18, 2020 kuze kube nguDisemba 31, 2023 saqondwa ngaleso sikhathi njengo “ihlane” lesiprofetho. Ekupheleni “kwenkathi yehlane” izwi laqala ukukhala ngoJulayi 2023, kwase kuthi emva kwezinsuku eziyinkulungwane namakhulu amabili namashumi ayisithupha ngokuqondile emva kokubikezela okwehlulekayo kwaseNashville, ngoJulayi 18, 2020, iNgonyama yesizwe sakwaJuda yase iqala ukuvula izimpawu zeZwi layo lesiprofetho. Ukwambulwa kwezimpawu zeZwi lesiprofetho likaNkulunkulu kuhlale kuveza inqubo yokuvivinya enezigaba ezintathu, njengoba kubekiwe kuDaniyeli ishumi nambili.

KuSambulo isahluko seshumi nesishiyagalolunye, umakoti uyazilungisa, bese enikwa ingubo emhlophe. Lezo zingubo ezimhlophe zimelela ukuthi umakoti uselungile, futhi lokhu kwenzeka kuSambulo isahluko seshumi nesishiyagalolunye lapho amafasitela ezulu evulwa. Ngaphambi kokuba umakoti enziwe mhlophe ngengubo yokulunga kukaKristu, uqala ngokuhlanzwa.

NgoDisemba 31, 2023 kwaqala ukuvivinywa kwezisekelo ukuze kuhlanzwe labo ababezoba ngabamsulwa. Lokho kuhlanzwa kufezwa ngokwanda kolwazi, ngokuba iNgonyama yesizwe sakwaJuda yabe isiqala ukuvula izimpawu zesambulo sokugcina saYo. Leso sambulo sihlanganisa ukuthi Yona iyona kuphela isisekelo esingabekwa. Ukwenqaba iqiniso eliyisisekelo elikhomba ukuthi iRoma “ingabaphangi babantu bakho,” kuwukwenqaba okuwukuphela kwesisekelo esingabekwa.

Ngomhlaka 31 kuZibandlela 2023 kwaqala inqubo yokuvivinywa eyakhipha masinyane ukuhlukaniswa kwezigaba ezimbili. INgonyama yesizwe sakwaJuda manje isivule uphawu lokuthi ukugcwaliseka komlando kwevesi leshumi nane kwakunguMeyi 8, 2025, futhi ngokwenza lokho; Yaqinisa ukubonwa kukaMiller kweRoma njengophawu olumisayo umbono wangaphandle wesiprofetho. Ngenkathi uTrump ebuya ngo-2024, wagcwalisa ivesi leshumi nantathu likaDaniyeli ishumi nanye, kwase kuthi evesini elilandelayo, siphawule u-2025, ngokukhethwa kukapapa uLeo. Bobabili uTrump nomlingani wakhe ongumphikukristu bamiswa esikhundleni ngo-2025.

Izinsuku esizikhomba kulo mnyakazo empeleni ziyisibuko esingcwelisiwe sokubheka emuva. Sikhomba isikhathi sokuphela njengo-1989, bese ukuhlelwa ngokusemthethweni komlayezo kwaba ngo-1996. Ngo-9/11 umyalezo owawusuhleliwe ngokusemthethweni wanikwa amandla. Ekethulweni kwamaThebula kaHabakuki ngo-2012, kwaze kwaphela ngoJanuwari ka-2013, kwabekwa izisekelo.

NgoJulayi 18, 2020 kwafika ukudumazeka kokuqala; kwase kuthi ngoJulayi ka-2023 kwaqala izwi ukukhala ehlane; futhi ngoDisemba 31, 2023 kwaqala ukwambulwa kweSambulo sikaJesu Kristu kanye novivinyo lokuqala lwangaphandle oluyisisekelo lwaqala.

Ngomhla ka-8 Meyi 2025 kwaqala uvivinyo lwesibili lwangaphakathi lwethempeli. Uvivinyo lwesithathu lokuhlola seluseduze kakhulu. Lapho kuyokwambulwa obala ukuthi umphefumulo unawo yini amafutha omyalezo amelwe uvivinyo lokuqala nolwangaphandle kanye namafutha ahambisana nalo ovivinyo lwesibili lwangaphakathi. Ukuvivinywa kumelela okwangaphandle, kulandelwe okwangaphakathi, kulandelwe isipiliyoni.

Umugqa wangaphakathi wesiprofetho uqukethe izimpawu zendlela zangaphambilini engisanda kuzisho. Ngayinye yalezo zimpawu zendlela ihambisana nezimpawu zendlela ezifanayo zomlando wamaMillerite. U-1798, njengesikhathi sokuphela, uhambisana no-1989, nawo oyisikhathi sokuphela. Lapho iNgonyama yesizwe sakwaJuda yavula iZwi layo elaliyiwelekile, ngokuba Yona iyiZwi. Ngenkathi ubu-Adventist bugcwalisa indima yomprofethi ongalaleliyo ekuhlubukeni okuyisisekelo kukaJerobowamu ngokubuyela ukuyodla nomprofethi wamanga waseBethele, babuyela ezimpikiswaneni zobuProthestani obuwileyo ezasetshenziswa ukumelana nokuchazwa kukaWilliam Miller kwezikhathi eziyisikhombisa. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, abaqondi ngokuphelele, noma mhlawumbe abaqondi nhlobo, ukuthi kungani u-1863 eyisibonakaliso sokugcina somnyakazo we-alpha wezingelosi zokuqala neyesibili.

Ngalesi sizathu, akusho lutho kubo ukuthi kuyiminyaka eyi-126, uphawu luka-1,260, uphawu “lwehlane” oluhlanganisa umlando kusukela ku-1863 kuze kube yisikhathi sokuphela ngo-1989. Ekupheleni kweminyaka engamashumi amane uJoshuwa wahola inhlangano yangena eZweni Lesithembiso. Ngo-1989 iNkosi yaqala umsebenzi wokuhola inhlangano Yayo ye-omega iphume “ehlane” lika-1863 iye ku-1989, ngendlela efanayo naleyo eyaletha ngayo inhlangano ye-alpha iphume “ehlane” lika-538 iye ku-1798.

Ngo-1989, umbono woMfula iHidekeli omele izahluko ezintathu zokugcina zikaDaniyeli wavulwa, njengoba nje nombono woMfula i-Ulayi omele izahluko 7, 8 no-9 zikaDaniyeli wavulwa ngo-1798. Eminyakeni engamakhulu amabili namashumi amabili emva kokushicilelwa kweBhayibheli i-King James, uWilliam Miller washicilela umlayezo wakhe okokuqala ngqa usekelwe embonweni we-Ulayi, ngaleyo ndlela emisa ngokusemthethweni umlayezo wakhe ngo-1831; kanjalo nomlayezo weHidekeli washicilelwa okokuqala ngqa ngo-1996, eminyakeni engamakhulu amabili namashumi amabili emva kuka-1776, indawo yokuzalwa yezwe elikhazimulayo lase-United States.

Ukuhlelwa ngokusemthethweni komlayezo kukaMiller eminyakeni engamakhulu amabili namashumi amabili emva kweNguqulo kaKing James kukhomba uWilliam Miller njengesithunywa esingcwele sokuqala ngqá ukusebenzisa iziprofetho zeBhayibheli, kokubili iTestamente Elidala neleLisha, ukuletha imvuselelo kanye nenguquko. IBhayibheli lingokobuNkulunkulu, futhi lahlangana nobuntu eminyakeni engama-220 kamuva ukuze kukhiqizwe umlayezo wase-Ulai.

UJesu ungu-Alfa no-Omega, futhi uyiZwi likaNkulunkulu, ngakho ukushicilelwa kweBhayibheli i-King James Version ngowe-1611 kubeka uJesu kokubili ku-1611, futhi naku-1831. UKristu uvela ngesikhathi sokuphela njengeNgonyama yesizwe sakwaJuda; kuthi lapho umlayezo usumiswa ngokusemthethweni, abe ngu-Alfa no-Omega neZwi. Ubudlelwane bukaMiller nesiqalo buyabonakala ngokuthi kokubili isiqalo nesiphetho kugcizelela ukushicilelwa komlayezo. U-1776 kuya ku-1996 uphethe izimpawu ezifanayo, nakuba zehlukile.

Umlayezo weHidekeli uwumlayezo womthetho weSonto e-United States njengoba ubekwe evesini lamashumi amane nanye likaDaniyeli ishumi nanye. U-1776 kanye nokushicilelwa kweSimemezelo Sokuzimela kumelela isiqalo sesikhathi seminyaka engamakhulu amabili namashumi amabili esaphela ngokushicilelwa, esabizwa ngesihloko ngokuhlinzekwa nguNkulunkulu, hhayi ngenhloso, esithi, Time of the End. Ngawo lowo nyaka, u-1996, sanikezwa inhlangano yenkonzo enegama elithi Future for America. Umlayezo wezwe elikhazimulayo, okuyi-United States, wamiswa ngokusemthethweni ngokuxhumana okuqondile phakathi kwesiqalo nesiphetho sesiprofetho. Zonke izimpawu zendlela ezinkulu zomlando wamaMillerite ziphindwe ngaphansi kwephethini eqondisayo yomfanekiso wezintombi eziyishumi. Zombili izikhathi zeminyaka engamakhulu amabili namashumi amabili zinesiqalo nesiphetho okumakwe ngokushicilelwa.

Umlayezo nendlela kaMiller kwaqinisekiswa futhi kwanikezwa amandla ngokugcwaliseka kwe-Islam kwesimaye sesibili. Lokho iNkosi eyakusebenzisa ukunikeza amandla umlayezo kwakuyisimiso sikaMiller sosuku olunye lumele unyaka, kanye nesimiso esanika amandla umlayezo nendlela yokusebenza ngo-9/11, lapho ukwehla kwengelosi yesAmbulo 18 kwaphinda ukwehla eyayikwenzile ngo-Agasti 11, 1840 njengoba kuvezwe esahlukweni 10 sesAmbulo. Lezo zingelosi ezimbili zimelela ukubonakala kwesiprofetho kukaKristu njengengelosi. Isimiso esiyisisekelo enhlanganweni ka-9/11 ngendlela efanayo nalokho isimiso sosuku olunye lumele unyaka esasiyikho enhlanganweni ka-Agasti 11, 1840, ukuthi umlando wamaMillerite uyaphindwa emlandweni wabayizinkulungwane eziyikhulu namashumi amane nane.

Lapho ukugcwaliseka kwesiprofetho sobuSulumane sosizi lwesithathu kufika emlandweni we-omega nengelosi yesithathu, ngokuvumelana nokugcwaliseka kwesiprofetho sobuSulumane sosizi lokuqala nolwesibili, okwafika emlandweni we-alpha wezingelosi zokuqala nezesibili—isimiso sokuthi umlando wamaMillerite uyaphindwa emlandweni wabayizinkulungwane eziyikhulu namashumi amane nane saqinisekiswa ngokuqinile njengoba nje isimiso sikaMiller sosuku lonyaka saqinisekiswa ngosuku lwakhe maqondana nosizi lokuqala nolwesibili lweSambulo isahluko 9. Abanye abangase bazi ngesiprofetho sesikhathi seminyaka engamakhulu amathathu namashumi ayisishiyagalolunye nanye nezinsuku eziyishumi nanhlanu, esibekwe kuSambulo 9:15, bangase baphuthelwe iphuzu lami langaphambilini. Ake ngichaze.

Umaye wokuqala nowesibili uhambisana nomlando wezingelosi zokuqala nezesiBili, futhi umlando womaye wesithathu uhambisana nomlando wengelosi yesithathu. Iphuzu lapha liwukuthi indawo yokuqala yeminyaka engamakhulu amathathu namashumi ayisishiyagalolunye nanye nezinsuku eziyishumi nanhlanu ebekwe emlandweni womaye wesibili itholakala emlandweni womaye wokuqala. Kukhona isiprofetho seminyaka eyikhulu namashumi ayisihlanu emlandweni womaye wokuqala weSambulo isahluko sesishiyagalolunye, futhi ngosuku leso sikhathi esingokwesiprofetho siphela ngalo, kuqala isiprofetho seminyaka engamakhulu amathathu namashumi ayisishiyagalolunye nanye nezinsuku eziyishumi nanhlanu. Lezi ziprofetho ezimbili zixhumanisa ngokuqondile umaye wokuqala nowesibili, ngakho-ke lapho isiprofetho se-Islam sabikezelwa, sisekelwe esimisweni sosuku lube unyaka, leso siprofetho sasingesomaye wokuqala nowesibili we-Islam, okuwumlayezo owaqinisekisa indlela kaMiller nomlayezo wakhe emlandweni wezingelosi zokuqala nezesiBili.

Lapho lowo mlando uphetha ngo-Okthoba 22, 1844, icilongo lesikhombisa laqala ukukhala; futhi icilongo lesikhombisa liyikho kokubili usizi lwesithathu, kanye nemfihlakalo yobunkulunkulu, enguKristu kini, ithemba lenkazimulo. Lelo cilongo liyisigijimi sesixwayiso sangaphandle futhi liyisigijimi sesixwayiso sangaphakathi. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, isiprofetho seminyaka engu-2,520 sihlotshaniswa nokuphumula komhlaba konyaka wesikhombisa, okuhlanganisa iJubili. Ngo-Okthoba 22, 1844, icilongo lesikhombisa laqala ukukhala ngokugcwaliseka kweziprofetho zeminyaka engu-2,520 nengu-2,300.

Umhla ka-22 kuMfumfu 1844 wawuwuSuku Lokubuyisana, futhi icilongo lejubili lalizoshaywa ngosuku lokubuyisana. Kusukela kuleso sikhathi, siphila emlandweni wengelosi yesithathu, futhi futhi noweshwa lwesithathu, oluyicilongo lesikhombisa. Ngomhla ka-11 kuNcwaba 1840 ingelosi enamandla yesAmbulo isahluko seshumi yehla ukuze ikhanyise umhlaba ngenkazimulo yayo, njengoba kwenza ingelosi yesAmbulo isahluko seshumi nesishiyagalombili ngo-9/11.

Ngo-2012 kuya kuJanuwari ka-2013, kwakhishwa uchungechunge olunesihloko esithi Habakkuk’s Tables, futhi lwahambisana nokushicilelwa kweshadi lamaphayona lika-1843 ngoMeyi ka-1842. Izisekelo zenhlangano zase zibekwa ngaleso sikhathi, kungaba kwakuyinhlangano ye-alpha yengelosi yokuqala neyesibili, noma inhlangano yengelosi yesithathu, amatafula amabili kaHabakuki ayelukiwe emlandweni nasemyalezweni. Ukubikezela okwehluleka kukaJulayi 18, 2020 kwakuhambisana no-Ephreli 19, 1844, futhi isikhathi sokulibala emzekelisweni sase siqalile.

Ihlane lezinsuku eziyi-1,260 laphela ekuvulweni kwezimpawu ngo-31 Disemba 2023. Kuhle ukukhumbula ukuthi uKristu wahlanza ithempeli laKhe kabili ekungcolisweni kwalo okuyinhlamba engcwele, njengoba uDadewethu White ekubiza kanjalo. Wakwenza lokho ekuqaleni nasekupheleni kwenkonzo yaKhe, ngaleyo ndlela enza ukuhlanzwa okubili kwaba ukuhlanzwa kwe-alpha nokwe-omega.

USisi White uhambisana ngokusobala ukuhlanzwa kokuqala kwethempeli no-9/11 kanye nezwi lokuqala, alikhomba njengamavesi amathathu okuqala eSambulo ishumi nesishiyagalombili. Bese esekhomba “elinye izwi” levesi lesine njengokuhlanzwa kwesibili kwethempeli, futhi futhi njengomthetho weSonto. Umhla ka-Ephreli 19, 1844 wawungowokuhlanzwa kokuqala kwethempeli kumaMillerite, kanti u-Okthoba 22, 1844 wawungowesibili. Eminyakeni engamashumi amane nesithupha kusukela ku-1798 kuze kube ngu-1844 ithempeli lamaMillerite lamiswa, futhi i-fractal yokumiswa kwethempeli lamaMillerite itholakala emlandweni wokudumala okubili, kokubili okumele ukuhlanzwa kwethempeli. Lowo mlando umayelana nethempeli.

Kusukela mhla ziyi-18 kuJulayi, 2020, kuze kube ngumhla zingama-31 kuZibandlela, 2023, izintombi zalala ngesikhathi sokulibala. Lapho zivuka, zivukela umthwalo wazo wokubeka isisekelo nokuvusa ithempeli. Kusukela kuleso sikhathi uKristu, njengeNgonyama yesizwe sakwaJuda, ubeselokhu evula ukukhanya okungokwesiprofetho; futhi ukukhanya okungokwesiprofetho okuvuliwe kuhlala kuveza inqubo yokuvivinywa enezinyathelo ezintathu, ephela esivivinyweni sokugcina lapho isimilo sibonakaliswa khona, kodwa singalokothi sithuthukiswe khona. Esivivinyweni sokugcina izintombi ezithembekileyo ziyokwamukela ukuthululwa kukaMoya oNgcwele okwedlula konke ukubonakaliswa kwamandla kaNkulunkulu phakathi kwabantu bakaNkulunkulu okwake kwabhalwa. Kuyoba khona ukwanda kokukhanya okungakaze kufakazelwe. Sekushiwo lokho, ngizokwethula omunye umugqa womlando oqinisa ukufana komlando wamaMillerite nowabayizinkulungwane eziyikhulu namashumi amane nane.

Sizoqhubeka ngalezi zinto esihlokweni esilandelayo.

U-Elon Musk wamemezela ngo-Febhuwari 21, 2026 ukuthi “manje sesikuleso esibizwa ngokuthi ‘singularity’”.

Ubunye obukhethekile bezobuchwepheshe (okuvame ukubizwa nje ngokuthi “ubunye obukhethekile”) buyiphuzu lesikhathi esizayo elicatshangelwayo lapho intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe—eqhutshwa ikakhulukazi ubuhlakani bokwenziwa—iba yishesha futhi ibe namandla kangangokuthi iyashesha idlule ukulawulwa nokuqondwa ngumuntu, okuholela ezinguqukweni ezingalindelekile nezijulile empucukweni yabantu. Umqondo oyinhloko uwukuqhuma kobuhlakani: uma sesidale uhlelo lwe-AI oluhlakaniphe ukudlula abantu abahlakaniphe kunabo bonke (oluvame ukubizwa ngokuthi yi-Artificial Superintelligence noma i-ASI), lolo hlelo lungaziklamelela kabusha futhi luzithuthukise ngokushesha okukhulu kunalokho noma yiliphi ithimba labantu elingake likwenze. Lokhu kudala umjikelezo wokuzithuthukisa ophindaphindayo lapho amandla okusebenza ephindeka kabili kaninginingi phakathi nezikhathi ezimfishane kakhulu (izinsuku → amahora → imizuzu), okwenza ezinye izintuthuko zibe ukuqhuma okukhulu futhi kungenzeki ukuba “abantu bangaphambi kobunye obukhethekile” bakwazi ukuzibikezela noma ukuziqondisa ngendlela enengqondo. Igama elithi “ubunye obukhethekile” libolekwe ku-physics nakwi-mathematics, lapho “embobeni emnyama,” ubunye obukhethekile buyiphuzu lapho amandla adonsela phansi eba ngangenamkhawulo khona futhi imithetho yethu yamanje ye-physics yehluleka ukusebenza—asingaboni futhi asikwazi ukubikezela okwenzekayo ngalé komkhathizwe wesenzakalo.

Ngokufanayo, i-technological singularity ibhekwa “njengomkhathizwe wesenzakalo” emlandweni: singabikezela imikhuba kuze kufike kulelo zinga, kodwa ngemva kwalo, ikusasa liba yinto engabonakali emiqondweni yabantu engakakhuliswanga.

Iminyaka yawo-1950—Imbewu zokuqala ziyavela emsebenzini wesazi sezibalo uJohn von Neumann (owakhuluma ngokushesha okwandayo kwenguquko yezobuchwepheshe) kanye nesazi sezibalo/umhlaziyi wamakhodi u-I.J. Good (owathi ngo-1965 kwaba khona “ukuqhuma kobuhlakani” lapho imishini isiklanyela imishini engcono kakhulu).

1993—Usosayensi wekhompyutha nombhali wezindaba zesayensi uVernor Vinge wenza umqondo wanamuhla waziwe kabanzi esihlokweni sakhe esithi, *The Coming Technological Singularity*. Wabikezela ukuthi sasiyodala ubuhlakani obedlula obomuntu esikhathini esithile phakathi kuka-2005–2030, ngemva kwalokho “inkathi yomuntu” yayiyophela (ngomqondo wokuthi abantu abangasekelwe lutho babengeke besaba yibuhlakani obubusayo).

2005—Umqambi/umboni wesikhathi esizayo uRay Kurzweil uletha lo mbono emphakathini jikelele ngencwadi yakhe ethi, The Singularity Is Near. Uphikisa ngokuthi i-singularity ifika cishe ngonyaka ka-2045, iqhutshwa ukukhula okwandayo ngokuphindaphindeka kwamandla ekhompyutha (kulandela umthetho wakhe i-Law of Accelerating Returns), i-nanotechnology, i-biotechnology, kanye nezixhumi phakathi kobuchopho nekhompyutha. Ubelokhu egcina lolu hlu lwezikhathi ngokungaguquki, futhi muva nje uphinde waqinisekisa i-AGI ngo-2029 kanye ne-singularity cishe ngo-2045.

Izibikezelo ziye zacindezeleka ngokuphawulekayo eminyakeni embalwa edlule ngenxa yenqubekelaphambili eshesha ngokwedlulele kumamodeli amakhulu olimi, ezinhlelweni zokucabanga, nasemithethweni yokukala: Imibono enobudlova kakhulu / eseduze kakhulu ngesikhathi (2026–2027): Abanye abaholi abavelele be-AI (isb., uDario Amodei we-Anthropic, u-Elon Musk) basho obala ukuthi ubuhlakani obudlula konke noma okuthile okulingana ngokokusebenza nesiqalisi sobunye obukhulu kungase kufike kusenesikhathi ngo-2026 noma phakathi konyaka owodwa kuya kwemithathu.

Ukuhlolwa kochwepheshe okusezingeni eliphakathi kusalokhu kuhlanganisana cishe eminyakeni ka-2040–2050 mayelana nokufinyelela okuphelele kobuhlakani obudlula bonke/singularity.

Okwe-utopian / okwethemba ngokwedlulele → inala enkulu ngokweqile, ukuqedwa kwezifo nobumpofu, ukungafi okusebenzayo ngokulayishwa kwengqondo noma nge-nanomedicine, isintu sihlangana ne-AI (i-transhumanism), ukuxazulula izinkinga zesayensi ebezingaxazululeki ngaphambili ngemizuzu.

Okudidayo / okungenathemba → ukulahlekelwa amandla noma ukulawula komuntu, ukungahambelani (i-AI ilandela izinhloso ezihlukene ngokuphelele noma eziphikisana namagugu abantu), ukuwa komnotho nokwenhlalo, noma ngisho nezingozi ezingase zibe khona ekubeni khona kwesintu uqobo.

I-Singularity ayisilo nje “i-AI esezingeni eliphakeme kakhulu,” kodwa iyisikhathi lapho ukuvela kwezobuchwepheshe kuphunyuka emikhawulweni yesivinini esibekwe yibhayoloji/esobuntu futhi kube inqubo ezimele, engasalawuleki. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi lokho kwenzeka ngo-2026, ngo-2030, ngo-2045, noma kungaze kwenzeke nhlobo, kusalokhu kungomunye wemibuzo evulekile enomthelela omkhulu kunayo yonke emlandweni wesintu njengamanje.

Umhlaba Oxhunywe Ngenethiwekhi Uyaqala

Ushintsho lusuka ekhompyutheni okuhlukanisiwe luye ekhompyutheni exhumene. UTim Berners-Lee uphakamisa i-World Wide Web e-CERN (1989). Ucwaningo lwezohwebo ngamanethiwekhi ezinzwa luyakhula (ukusetshenziswa kwezempi + kwezifundiswa), kukhishwa i-Intel 80486—amandla ekhompyutha yomuntu siqu anyuka kakhulu, kanti i-ARPANET iguqukela kulokho okuba yi-Internet yesimanje. Ngaphambi kwalokhu, ezekhompyutha zazinamandla kodwa ikakhulu zazisebenza ngokwahlukana. Emva kuka-1989, ezekhompyutha ziba eziqondiswe kwinethiwekhi. Amanethiwekhi ezinzwa ngo-1989 ayesesigabeni sokuqala, evinjelwe yizinga lehadiwe, futhi ikakhulu eyizinhlelo zamaphethini ezenezelo zemithetho—kodwa ezempi namalebhu ocwaningo zase sezihlola izinhlelo zokufunda zokukhomba okuqondiwe, ukuqondisa, nokuhlukanisa amasignali. Lokhu kwakuyisendlalelo esiyisisekelo sakho konke okwalandela.

Ukuqhuma Kwezohwebo Kwe-inthanethi

I-Web iba ngumphakathi, ibe ngeyokuhweba, futhi iba ngowomhlaba wonke. INetscape kanye neziphequluli zingena ezimpini, kuthi i-Amazon ne-eBay zibonakalise ukuthi ukuhweba ku-inthanethi kuyasebenza. I-Google iyasungulwa (njenge-BackRub eStanford, 1996), kanti ukwamukelwa kwe-Windows 95 kusheshisa ukusetshenziswa kwamakhompyutha ngabathengi. U-1996 uyisikhathi lapho i-Inthanethi iyeka ukuba ngeyezifundiswa kuphela bese iba ngeyomnotho. Ingqalasizinda yango-1989 manje isifinyelela esikalini sabathengi. Inkathi ye-dot-com ayigxilile kumawebhusayithi—igxile ekwenzeni ibhizinisi libe yidijithali. Lesi sikhathi sashintsha ukuhweba, ukukhangisa, ukutholakala kolwazi, kanye namaphethini okuxhumana.

Kuqala Inkathi Yeselula + Yenkundla

Ukuguqulwa kwemidiya ibe yidijithali + ingqalasizinda yamafu okuqala + i-broadband ehlala ixhumekile ngaso sonke isikhathi. I-Apple ikhipha i-iPod (kuqala uhlelo lwemvelo lwedijithali oluthwalekayo), i-Wikipedia iyaqalwa (imodeli yesikhulumi solwazi oluhlanganyelwayo), ukwamukelwa kwe-broadband kuyakhuphuka kakhulu, i-Amazon iqala buthule ukwakha lokho okuba yi-AWS. Ngemva kuka-9/11, ubuchwepheshe bokuqapha busheshiswa kakhulu, kanti ingqalasizinda yokuhlaziywa kwedatha ikhula ngesivinini esikhulu. Ukuqala kokusebenzisa amafu ekhompyutheni, izinhlelo zemvelo zesikhulumi, ukubusa kokuqukethwe kwedijithali, ingqalasizinda ehlala ixhumekile, kanye nesisekelo semithombo yezokuxhumana nama-smartphone kubekwa lapha.

Impumelelo Enkulu Yokufunda Okujulile

Ukuzalwa Kobuhlakani Bokwenziwa Besimanje

Lesi yisikhathi esiyingqophamlando lapho amanethiwekhi e-neural ayeka ukuba okuhlolwayo nje kuphela futhi aba namandla asebenzayo ngokoqobo—ibhuloho eliqondile phakathi kwenkathi ka-2001 ethi “platform/cloud” nokuqhuma kuka-2023 kwe-“generative AI”. USepthemba 2012: i-AlexNet (inethiwekhi ejulile ye-neural ye-convolutional) iwina umncintiswano we-ImageNet ngegebe elikhulu kakhulu—ichoboza wonke ama-algorithm angaphambilini. Lesi sigameko esisodwa samukelwa emhlabeni wonke ocwaningweni lwe-AI njengomzuzu lapho kwazalwa khona i-deep learning yanamuhla. 2012: ithimba likaGeoffrey Hinton lifakazela ukuthi amanethiwekhi ajulile e-neural, aqeqeshwe kuma-GPU, angafunda ngokuzenzakalela izici ezihleleke ngezinga ngezinga. 2013: i-Google ithenga inkampani kaHinton (DNNresearch). Imboni ngokuzumayo ithela izigidigidi zemali ku-deep learning. Intuthuko ye-GPU ye-NVIDIA (CUDA) iba yizinga elijwayelekile le-hardware ye-AI. Amathuluzi e-big data (i-Spark 1.0 yakhululwa ngo-2013) avuthwa ehambisana nalokhu, enza kube nokwenzeka ama-dataset amakhulu kakhulu adingekayo ku-deep learning.

I-AI Ezikhiqizelayo Iwela Umngcele

I-AI iyafinyeleleka, iyasebenziseka, futhi iyaphazamisa ngokomnotho. Akusikho nje “amanethiwekhi ezinzwa angcono.” Lesi yisikhathi lapho i-AI ibhala khona ikhodi, ikhiqize izithombe, izenzekelayo umsebenzi wabasebenzi basehhovisi, yandise imisebenzi yokucabanga, futhi okokuqala i-AI iyeka ukuba ekhethekile kuphela, ibe yithuluzi elivamile lokusebenza kwengqondo.

Ukuqhubekela phambili kuyinhlekelele yobuhle: isigaba ngasinye sakhela ngokwengezekayo phezu kwaleso esisandulele, sisuka ekuxhumaneni → ekuthengiseni ngenjongo yenzuzo → ohlelweni lwe-ecosystem → ekuhlakanipheni → ekuqondeni kwengqondo.

U-2012/2013 uyisikhonkwane esibucayi sokuguquka; umzuzu lapho amanethiwekhi ezinzwa okufakelwayo afakazela khona ukuthi ayakwazi ukufunda okuzenzakalelayo okunezigaba ezihleleke ngokwezinga (ukunqoba kwe-AlexNet/ImageNet, umsebenzi ka-Hinton waqinisekiswa, nokwandiswa nge-GPU kwenziwa kwaba nokwenzeka), okwamenza kwaba yinto engagwemeki ukuqhuma kokukhiqiza konyaka ka-2023. Ngaphandle kwalolo shintsho lwesakhiwo lwango-2012, amamodeli e-transformer (2017) kanye nokwandiswa okukhulu kakhulu bekungeke kukhiqize ububanzi obujwayelekile bezinga le-ChatGPT.