“Kiyi” inomiririra hondo yeNinevhe iri muna Zvakazarurwa chitsauko 9 chakazadzikiswa nenhoroondo yakabudisa shanduko huru, izvo, chokwadika, ndizvo zvinoitwa nekiyi. Chirevo changu ndechekuti hondo yeNinevhe yakanga isiri kiyi yenhoroondo chete inoratidza kusimuka kweIslam, asi kutiwo kiyi yechiporofita. Mafambiro echiporofita ehondo iyoyo anounza mitsara yose yeumambo hwechiporofita cheBhaibheri, sezvazvakarongwa muna Danieri neZvakazarurwa, mukuwirirana nechitsauko chegumi nerimwe chaDanieri. Mukuita izvi, zvinobvumira umambo ihwohwo hwose kupupura kumavhesi matanhatu okupedzisira aDanieri 11, uye zvinotonyanya kukosha—kusunungura nhoroondo yokunze yakanga yakavanzika yevhesi 40.
Na nitakupa funguo za ufalme wa mbinguni; na lolote utakalo lifunga duniani litakuwa limefungwa mbinguni; na lolote utakalo lifungua duniani litakuwa limefunguliwa mbinguni. Mathayo 16:19.
Ukukhululwa Nokuvuka Kombuso KaMohammed
Hondo yeNinevhe muna 627 yakaratidza kutanga kwamakore okupedzisira gumi esimba rePezhiya, rakanga rakundwa kubudikidza nouchenjeri hwehondo hweRoma, richiperekedzwa nemhute yehutungamiri hwaMwari. Yakava chiratidzo chenguva yokutendeuka apo mapoka makuru echiIslam aMohammed akatanga kusimuka. Hondo yacho yakabvisa chidziviso chakanga chiripo, chidziviso ichocho chaingadai, maererano nedzidziso, chakaramba chiripo dai Roma nePezhiya zvose zvakachengeta simba razvo. Hapana neimwe yazvakaita.
Kudzora uye Kusunungurwa
Mukuyimira kwa uneneri kwa Chisilamu, tikupeza kuletsedwa ndi kumasulidwa kwa Chisilamu kuyambira pa chiyambi chenicheni cha Malemba, pamene Sara anakhutiritsa Abrahamu kuti aletse Hagara ndi Ishmaeli.
Sarayi akati kuna Abramu, Kutadzirwa kwangu ngakuve pamusoro pako; ndakapa murandakadzi wangu pachipfuva chako; zvino wakati aona kuti ava nemimba, ndakazvidzwa mumaziso ake; Jehovha ngaatonge pakati pangu newe. Asi Abramu akati kuna Sarayi, Tarira, murandakadzi wako ari muruoko rwako; muitire sezvazvinokufadza. Zvino Sarayi wakati amubata zvakaomarara, akatiza pachiso chake. Genesisi 16:5, 6.
Kunyangwe zvisati zvaitika izvo, chikonzero chinoita kuti Hagari apinzwe murondedzero yechiporofita ndechokuti Ishe “vakadzivisa” Sara kubereka mwana.
Zvino Sarai, mudzimai waAbramu, akanga asina kumuberekera vana; uye akanga ane murandakadzi, muIjipiti, zita rake rainzi Hagari. Sarai akati kuna Abramu, Tarirai zvino, Jehovha andidzivisire kubereka; ndinokumbira, pindai kumurandakadzi wangu; zvimwe ndingawana vana kubudikidza naye. Abramu akateerera inzwi raSarai. Genesisi 16:1, 2.
“កូនសោ” នៃ វិវរណៈ ជំពូក ៩ ដែលបានប្រទានឲ្យមហាំម៉ាត់ ហើយបន្ទាប់មកបានសម្រេចជាការពិតតាមរយៈសមរភូមិនីនីវេ នោះ តំណាងឲ្យការដកចេញនូវ “ការទប់ស្កាត់” មកលើសាសនាឥស្លាម នៅចំណុចណាមួយក្នុងប្រវត្តិសាស្ត្រព្យាករណ៍។
“Vatumwa vari kubata mhepo ina, dzinomiririrwa nebhiza rine hasha riri kutsvaka kuzvisunungura nokumhanyira pamusoro pechiso chenyika yose, richitakura kuparadza norufu munzira yarinofamba.” Manuscript Releases, volume 20, 217.
“kusimuka na kuanguka” kwa ufalme wa Mohammed hakujawakilishwa sana kama kusimuka na kuanguka, bali kama ‘kuachiliwa’ na ‘kuzuiwa’. Wakati Uislamu unapoachiliwa kinabii, kuachiliwa huko kumeonyeshwa kwa mfano kupitia vita vya Nineveh.
బాధలే మాత్రమే
Pamahwe manomwe, idzo chete pamahwero enhamo dzeIslam dzinofukidza nhoroondo sesimba rinoramba riripo kubva padzakapiwa kutanga munhoroondo yechiporofita kusvikira pakupera kwenguva yenyasha. Pamahwe mana okutanga akaunza pamusoro peRoma yokumadokero aimiririra Odoacer, Genseric, Atilla muHuni naAlaric, nokudaro achifananidzira masimba mana okutonga kworutongo rweuMwari mumazuva okupedzisira, asi mumwe wawo wemazuva ano haasi muzukuru wakananga wemasimba mana iwayo ekare. Hazvina kudaro namapamahwe enhamo. Islam painongopinda munhoroondo, inopfuurira mumutsara wakananga wokusunungurwa nokudzorwa kusvikira yasunungurwa zvizere pakupera kwenguva yenyasha. Pamapamahwe enhamo, “kiyi” yokuti ‘kusunungurwa’ inocherechedzwa nehondo yeNinevhe.
Nikomedhia na Julayi 27, 1299
Mapayuniri nga mangunguna sing husto nga nakilala nga ang Hulyo 27, 1299 amo ang pagsugod sang isa ka gatos kag singkuwenta ka tuig nga nagtapos sang Hulyo 27, 1449, nga amo man ang nagsugod sang tatlo ka gatos kag siyamnapu’t isa ka tuig kag napulo kag lima ka adlaw nga nagtapos sang Agosto 11, 1840.
Mu cinyamakuru cyabanje twagaragaje igotwa ryabaye kuva mu 1333 kugeza mu 1337 ryagose Nikomediya, ryatejweho na Sultan Orhan Gazi (mwene Osman I, washinze Ubwami bwa Ottoman Beylik), ubwo yagotaga umujyi ukomeye wa Byzantine wa Nikomediya. Iryo gotwa ni ryo ryasozaga intambara yarwanyijwe Nikomediya yari yaratangiye ku ngoma ya se Osman. Imyaka ijana na mirongo itanu yo mu Ibyahishuwe 9:10 yatangiye ku wa 27 Nyakanga 1299, kandi kuko iyo ari intangiriro y’ubuhanuzi, amateka afitanye isano n’iyo tariki y’itangiriro akwiriye kwitabwaho. Osman I (uwashinze ingoma ya Ottoman) yari se wa Sultan Orhan Gazi; kandi ku wa 27 Nyakanga 1299 yageze ku ntsinzi ikomeye ya mbere ku Bwami bwa Byzantine mu Rugamba rwa Bapheus, rwabereye mu karere ka Nikomediya, hafi y’umujyi wa Nikomediya, umurwa mukuru wari ufite akamaro gakomeye mu mateka y’Abaroma no mu mateka ya mbere ya Byzantine.
Baba na Mwana
Julai 27, 1299 mauto aOsman akakunda hondo yeByzantine yaitungamirirwa nemutongi wenzvimbo. Hondo iyi inofungidzirwa seimwe yekutanga kubudirira kukuru kwakazvimirira kwechiuto kwaOsman mushure mokunge atanga kusimbisa hutongi hwake muBithynia (kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero kweAnatolia). Yakava nhanho inokosha mukushanduka kubva kubeylik diki reTurkey (humambo hwedzinza) kuenda kusimba rairamba richikura iro raizopedzisira rapikisa nokukunda matunhu eByzantine. Zuva iroro rinoratidza kutanga kwenguva yokukura kweIslam iyo yakazotungamirira pakusimbiswa kweHumambo hweOttoman pakudonha kweConstantinople muna 1453. Osman akashandisa varwi veghazi (vapambi vemuganhu vaifambiswa nechikonzero chechiIslam), uye ipapo ndipapo pakatanga kuumbwa kwevarwi vemuganhu veghazi kuva uto rakarongeka zvikuru rakazokura zvishoma nezvishoma kubva kuna Osman richizopfuurira kumwanakomana wake, Orhan. Pakati pezvimwe zvinhu zvinokosha zvenhaka yaOsman pane kuti yakabvumira Islam kuramba yakabata pfuma nenyika, zvakasiyana nehondo dzevarwi veghazi, idzo nzira dzadzo dzisina kurongeka dzokurova nokutiza dzaingovasiira chete zvakapambwa mukukunda kwavo, asi dzisingambovapi nharaunda ipi zvayo.
នៅថ្ងៃទី ២៧ ខែកក្កដា ឆ្នាំ ១២៩៩ អូស្មានបានចាប់ផ្តើមយុទ្ធនាការមួយនៅក្នុងតំបន់នីកូមេឌា ហើយបន្ទាប់ពីនោះសាមសិបបួនឆ្នាំ កូនប្រុសរបស់គាត់បានចាប់ផ្តើមការឡោមព័ទ្ធរយៈពេលបួនឆ្នាំលើទីក្រុងរាជធានី នីកូមេឌា។ ឪពុកនៅដើមដំបូង ហើយកូនប្រុសនៅចុងបញ្ចប់។ សង្គ្រាមបានចាប់ផ្តើមប្រឆាំងនឹងតំបន់ដែលត្រូវបានតំណាងថាជានីកូមេឌា ហើយបញ្ចប់ដោយការដណ្តើមយកនីកូមេឌា ដែលជាទីក្រុងរាជធានីនៃតំបន់នីកូមេឌា។ ចាប់ពីឆ្នាំ ១២៩៩ រហូតដល់ឆ្នាំ ១៣៣៧ គឺជារយៈពេលសាមសិបប្រាំបីឆ្នាំ ហើយតាមន័យព្យាករណ៍ លេខ «សាមសិបប្រាំបី» ជានិមិត្តសញ្ញានៃការក្រោកឡើង។
“Zvino simukai,” ndakati, “muyambuke rukova rweZeredu.” Tikayambuka rukova rweZeredu. Nguva yatakafamba kubva Kadheshi-bharinea kusvikira tayambuka rukova rweZeredu yakanga iri makore makumi matatu namasere, kusvikira rudzi rwose rwavarume vehondo rwapedzwa kubva pakati peungano, sezvakanga zvakapikirwa kwavari naJehovha. Dheuteronomio 2:13, 14.
Makore zana nemakumi mashanu kubva musi wa27 Chikunguru 1299 kusvikira musi wa27 Chikunguru 1449 zvinomiririra nguva yakatungamirira kukusimbiswa kweHumambo hweOttoman hwenhamo yechipiri yaZvakazarurwa chitsauko 9. Makore makumi matatu nemasere ekukundwa kweNicomedia zvishoma nezvishoma akatanga nababa (Osman) akaguma nomwanakomana wake (Orphan). Nguva iyi inoratidza danho rokutanga rokusimuka kunofambira mberi kwoumambo hwedunhu redzinza kusvika pakuva humambo.
Makore ane zana nemakumi mashanu kubva pa27 Chikunguru 1299 kusvikira pa27 Chikunguru 1449 anosanganisira kukombwa kwemakore mana kunoratidza kupera kwemakore makumi matatu nemasere. Kutanga kwekukundwa kweNicomedia kwakaitwa nababa, Osman, uye kupera kwako kwakazadzikiswa nokukombwa kwemakore mana kubva muna 1333 kusvikira muna 1337; kukombwa kwakaitwa nomwanakomana waOsman.
Xisiku xa ikhulu elinamashumi amahlanu eminyaka laphelayo ngoJulayi 27, 1449, umlawuli woBukhosi baseByzantium, uConstantine weshumi elinanye, okanye uConstantine wokugqibela waseRoma yasempuma, wafuna imvume kumaTurkey yokuhlala etroneni. Ukusukela kuloo mhla kude kube kukoyiswa kweConstantinople kwakuyiminyaka emine. Loo minyaka mine yaphela ngokungqingwa kweConstantinople, yaye uConstantine wokugqibela wafa kuloo ngqingwa. Ukunyuka kobuSilamsi kumelwe yiminyaka yokuqala engamashumi amathathu anesibhozo yesiprofeto seminyaka elikhulu elinamashumi amahlanu, esasifikelela esiphelweni saso ngokungqingwa kweminyaka emine. Xa iminyaka elikhulu elinamashumi amahlanu yaphelayo, ubuSilamsi babunyukele kwinqanaba apho iRoma yasempuma yahlaziswa ngamandla amaTurkey awayenawo ngelo xesha. Ukusukela ekuthotyweni kukaJulayi 27, 1449, iminyaka emine yakhokelela ekuweni kweRoma yasempuma njengoko iConstantinople yathatyathwa ngokungqingwa. Ukuphela kweminyaka yokuqala engamashumi amathathu anesibhozo kuphawulwa ngokungqingwa, yaye ukumiselwa koBukhosi base-Ottoman kuphawulwa ngokungqingwa.
38 සහ 40
Nhamba makumi matatu nemasere sechiratidzo sezvakaratidzwa naMozisi muna Dheuteronomio, inomirira makore makumi matatu nemasere okupedzisira okutonga kwemakore makumi mana ekudzungaira murenje. Naizvozvo, nhamba makumi matatu nemasere, sechiratidzo, ine hukama nenhamba makumi mana. Osman akatora dunhu reNicomedia musi waChikunguru 27, 1299, uye makore makumi matatu nemasere gare gare mwanakomana wake akatora guta guru redunhu racho. Dunhu neguta guru zvose zvaiva Nicomedia. Vanyori venhoroondo vanozivisa hondo iyi sechokutanga che“nhanho mbiri” dzinoratidza kutanga chaiko kwokusimuka kweHumambo hweOttoman. Nhanho yechipiri inozivikanwa nenhoroondo ihondo yeNicaea muna 1301. Ipapo baba vacho, Osman, vakatora dunhu rainzi Nicaea, uye muna 1331, makore makumi matatu gare gare, mwanakomana wake akatora guta guru, rainzi Nicaea, raimbova guta guru reRoma.
Maererano na1299 nehondo yeNicomedia, sedanho rokutanga pamatanho maviri, danho rechipiri rakauya makore maviri gare gare muna 1301. 1299 chiratidzo chamakumi matatu nesere, uye makore maviri gare gare (makumi mana), nyika yeNicaea inotorwa nababa. Hukama hwamakumi matatu nesere nemakumi mana hweIsraeri yekare ichisimuka kuti itore nyika yechipikirwa hunomiririrwa muna Chikunguru 27, 1299 uye 1301. Matanho maviri okutanga iwayo okusimuka kweIslamu anoratidzirwa nemishandirapamwe yehondo inotanga nababa vachikunda nyika yacho, uye mwanakomana achikunda guta guru renyika yacho pakupedzisira. Apo maguta makuru maviri aya akawa, akawa pakukombwa. Maguta makuru ose ari maviri aya akambova, pane imwe nguva, maguta makuru eRoma yokumabvazuva.
Musi wa 27 Chikunguru, 1299 na 1301 zvinoguma pana 11 Nyamavhuvhu 1840, izvo zvinomiririra nhoroondo ya1838, apo Litch akatanga kushambadza maonero ake nechifanotaura chake chechiporofita chemakore mazana matatu nemakumi mapfumbamwe nerimwe nemazuva gumi namashanu, icho chaizozadziswa pakupedzisira pana 11 Nyamavhuvhu 1840. Matanho maviri ekusimuka evaMillerite aiva makore a1838 na1840.
“സन् 1840-ൽ പ്രവചനത്തിന്റെ മറ്റൊരു ശ്രദ്ധേയമായ നിവൃത്തിയാൽ വ്യാപകമായ താൽപര്യം ഉണർന്നു. അതിന് രണ്ട് വർഷം മുമ്പ്, രണ്ടാം വരവിനെ പ്രസംഗിച്ചിരുന്ന പ്രമുഖ ശുശ്രൂഷകരിൽ ഒരാളായ ജോസയ്യ ലിച്ച്, വെളിപ്പാട് 9-ന്റെ ഒരു വ്യാഖ്യാനം പ്രസിദ്ധീകരിച്ചു; അതിൽ ഒട്ടോമാൻ സാമ്രാജ്യത്തിന്റെ പതനം പ്രവചിക്കപ്പെട്ടു. അദ്ദേഹത്തിന്റെ കണക്കുകൂട്ടലുകൾ പ്രകാരം, ഈ ശക്തി ‘ക്രി.വ. 1840-ൽ, ആഗസ്റ്റ് മാസത്തിലെ ഏതെങ്കിലും സമയത്ത്,’ അട്ടിമറിക്കപ്പെടേണ്ടതായിരുന്നു; അതിന്റെ നിവൃത്തി സംഭവിക്കാൻ കുറച്ച് ദിവസങ്ങൾ മാത്രം ശേഷിക്കെ അദ്ദേഹം ഇങ്ങനെ എഴുതി: ‘ആദ്യ കാലഘട്ടമായ 150 വർഷം, ടർക്കികളുടെ അനുമതിയാൽ ഡിയാക്കോസസ് സിംഹാസനമേറിയതിനു മുമ്പ് കൃത്യമായി നിവൃത്തിയായതായി കണക്കാക്കുകയും, 391 വർഷവും പതിനഞ്ച് ദിവസവും ആദ്യ കാലഘട്ടത്തിന്റെ അവസാനത്തിൽ ആരംഭിച്ചതായി കരുതുകയും ചെയ്താൽ, അത് 1840 ആഗസ്റ്റ് 11-ന് അവസാനിക്കും; അപ്പോൾ കോൺസ്റ്റാന്റിനോപ്പിളിലെ ഒട്ടോമാൻ ശക്തി തകർന്നുപോകുമെന്നു പ്രതീക്ഷിക്കാം. ഇങ്ങനെയായിരിക്കും സംഭവമെന്ന് ഞാൻ വിശ്വസിക്കുന്നു.’—Josiah Litch, in Signs of the Times, and Expositor of Prophecy, August 1, 1840.”
“Panguva chaiyo yakanga yataurwa, Turkey, kubudikidza nevamiriri varo, yakagamuchira kudzivirirwa kwemasimba akabatana eEurope, uye nokudaro yakazviisa pasi pekutongwa kwenyika dzechiKristu. Chiitiko ichocho chakanyatsozadzisa chiporofita chacho. Zvakati zvazivikanwa, vazhinji kwazvo vakagutsikana nokururama kwenheyo dzekududzira zviporofita dzakanga dzagamuchirwa naMiller navamwe vake, uye kufambira mberi kunoshamisa kwakapiwa kusangano rekuuya kwaKristu. Varume vedzidzo nenzvimbo vakabatana naMiller, mukuparidza nomukutsikisa maonero ake, uye kubva muna 1840 kusvika muna 1844 basa rakakurumidza kupararira.” The Great Controversy, 334, 335.
Chiporofita chaLitch cha ’38 nechiratidzo chake chakagadziridzwa che’40 zvinosanganisira chirevo chake chokupedzisira, chaakanyora musi wa1 Nyamavhuvhu, mazuva gumi chiporofita chakagadziridzwa chisati chaitwa. Kuzadzika kwechiporofita ndiko kwakagonesa nyika yose kugutsikana nenzira yakarurama yokushandisa chiporofita cheBhaibheri. Makore makumi matatu nemasere akaratidza kusimuka kwaIsraeri yekare aisanganisira makore maviri okuva pakuyambuka Gungwa Dzvuku kusvikira pakumukira kwokutanga paKadheshi.
Nokuti vose varume avo vakaona kubwinya kwangu nezvishamiso zvangu, zvandakaita muIjipiti nomurenje, vakandiidza zvino kagumi aka, vakasateerera inzwi rangu; zvirokwazvo havangazooni nyika yandakapiika kumadzibaba avo, uye hakuna kana mumwe wavari vakanditsamwisa achaiona. Numeri 14:22, 23.
Kupanduka uko kunatambulikilwa kuti ndiko kwayezgo kaumaliro pa mayezgo khumi. Nyengo ya kuyezgeka ya vyaka viŵiri ya mayezgo khumi, iyo yikasazgikako pa vyaka makumi ghatatu na vitatu vya mu mapopa, yikaŵa chithuzithuzi cha 1838 na 1840, ndipo 1840 mukaŵa nyengo ya mazuŵa khumi.
Uye pokutangira kwekusimuka kwechiIslam naOsman musi wa27 Chikunguru 1299 kunotanga nguva yemakore makumi matatu nemasere inoguma nokukombwa kwemakore mana muna 1337. Musi wa27 Chikunguru 1299 ndiro danho rokutanga pamatanho maviri anozivikanwa navanyori venhoroondo senzvimbo yokutangira kusimuka kweHumambo hweOttoman, uye danho rechipiri raiva 1301. Matanho maviri ehondo dzeNicomedia neNicaea muna 1299 na1301 anofananidzira 1838 na1840. Kutanga kwechiporofita kunoratidza magumo.
Nicomedia neNicaea zvose zvakamboshanda kwenguva pfupi semaguta makuru eRoma yokumabvazuva munhoroondo dzazvo dzakasiyana. Zvirokwazvo, Constantinople ndiyo yakazova guta guru rokumabvazuva muna 330, ikaramba iri iro kusvikira muna 1453. Nicomedia neNicaea zvinomiririra kuwira kweConstantinople; zvose zvakakundwa mukukombwa nevaIslamu kwakacherechedza kuguma kwenhamburiko iyo maIslamu akatanga nayo kutora dunhu iroro, uye mushure maizvozvo akazotora guta guru.
Kukomberedzwa kwokutanga kwamakore mana kubva muna 1333 kusvikira muna 1337 kunomiririra makore mana kubva muna 1449 kusvikira muna 1453 apo chiporofita chakaguma. Makore mazana matatu nemakumi mapfumbamwe nerimwe nemazuva gumi nemashanu gare gare, ChiIslamu chinodzorwa apo vaMillerite “vanosimuka” pasi pesimba rechiporofita rinomiririrwa muhunhu hwe “makumi matatu nemasere nemakumi mana,” sezvinomiririrwa munhoroondo yealpha yenhoroondo yaChikunguru 27, 1299 naChikunguru 27, 1449. Kusimuka kweChiIslamu nekusimuka kwavatumwa vaMwari vemazuva okupedzisira kunomiririrwa muchiratidzo chenhamba chakavakwa pahukama hwenhamba hwe 38 ne 40.
Muna Ezekieri 37, Chislamu ndiyo shoko remhepo yokumabvazuva inofemerwa pamusoro pamapfupa akaoma akafa kuti amire seuto guru. Kana shoko raEzekieri rasvika, kusimuka kunotanga, sezvazvakaita munhoroondo yeMillerite ya1838 na1840. Shoko iroro rakasvika pa9/11, uye paSvondo mutemo uri kuuya nokukurumidza mapfupa iwayo anomira seuto guru. Kumutswa kweuto raMwari sekereke inokunda mumazuva okupedzisira kunofananidzirwa na1838 na1840. Kubva pa9/11 kusvikira kuSvondo mutemo kwakafananidzirwa na1840 kusvika 1844, asiwo zvinofananidzira nguva inobva musi wa31 Zvita 2023 kusvikira kumabhora omoto eNashville.
រ៉ូមខាងកើត
Kubva pakupatsanurwa kwoushe naConstantine wokutanga (Mukuru), kusvikira kuna Constantine wokupedzisira, zvinomirira nhoroondo yechiporofita yeRoma yokumabvazuva. Naizvozvo nguva yechiporofita iyi inocherechedzwa nababa nomwanakomana vechiporofita kana vokufananidzira, sezvinoratidzwa nezita ravo, kunyange zvazvo pakanga pasina rudzi rwakananga rweropa pakati paConstantine Mukuru naConstantine wegumi nomumwe. Constantine wokutanga nowokupedzisira vanomirirwawo muchiporofita sezviratidzo zvealfa neomega, uye baba (alfa) vakasarudza Constantinople kuti rive guta guru, uye mwanakomana (omega) akafira mukukombwa apo Constantinople rakarega kuva guta guru. Nguva yechiporofita yeRoma yokumabvazuva inocherechedzwa naConstantine wokutanga nowokupedzisira. Nguva yemakore zana namakumi mashanu yakatanga musi waChikunguru 27, 1299, inosanganisira nguva yemakore makumi matatu namasere uye inopera nokukombwa kwemakore makumi mana. Kukombwa ikoko kwakafananidzira 1449 kusvika 1453. Mushandirapamwe weNicomedia wakatanga nenyika ichikundwa uye ukaguma neguta guru renyika yacho richikundwa. Sezvakanga zvakaita kuna Constantine wokutanga nowokupedzisira, kukundwa kweNicomedia kwakatanga nababa (wokutanga) kukaguma nomwanakomana (wokupedzisira).
වසර හතරක්
Kukombwa kwamakore mana muzana remakore ekutanga emakore zana nemakumi mashanu ayo akatungamirira kumakore mana kubva pakuninipiswa kwaConstantine wekupedzisira muna 1449 kusvikira muna 1453 apo Constantinople yakakombwa ikawira. Chiporofita chenguva chenhamo yechipiri chinomirira makore mazana matatu nemakumi mapfumbamwe nerimwe namazuva gumi namashanu chakatanga pana Chikunguru 27, 1449 uye chakaguma pana Nyamavhuvhu 11, 1840. Zuva iroro rinoratidza kutanga kwenguva yemakore mana iyo Sista White akadaidza kuti kuratidzwa kunobwinya kwesimba raMwari.
“Mutumwa anobatana mukuzivisa shoko remutumwa wechitatu anofanira kuvhenekera nyika yose nokubwinya kwake. Basa rine uwandu hwenyika yose nesimba risingawanzoonekwa ndiro riri kufanotaurwa pano. Sangano rekumirira kuuya kwaKristu remuna 1840–44 rakanga riri kuratidzwa kunobwinya kwesimba raMwari; shoko remutumwa wokutanga rakasvitswa kunzvimbo dzose dzemishinari munyika, uye mune dzimwe nyika makava nechido chikuru chezvechitendero chakamboonekwa munyika ipi neipi kubva paNguva yeReformation yezana remakore rechigumi nenhanhatu; asi izvi zvichapfuurwa nesangano guru rine simba riri pasi peyambiro yokupedzisira yomutumwa wechitatu.” The Great Controversy, 611.
ཨིས་ལམ་ནི་ 1840 ལོའི་ཟླ་ 8 པའི་ཚེས་ 11 ཉིན་བཀག་འགོག་བྱས་པ་དང་། དེའི་རྗེས་ལོ་བཞིའི་དུས་ཡུན་ཞིག་བྱུང་ཞིང་། དེ་ནི་པེན་ཏེ་ཀོསྟེ་སྐབས་སུ་དམ་པའི་ཐུགས་རླུང་འབེབས་པ་དང་། མདོ་སྡེ་མངོན་པ་ 18 པའི་ནང་གི་སྟོབས་ཆེན་ལྡན་པའི་ཕོ་ཉ་མར་འབབ་པ་གཉིས་ཀ་དང་མཐུན་པ་ཡིན། དེའི་ཚེ་ 9/11 ཉིན་ ཉུ་ཡོརྐ་གྲོང་ཁྱེར་གྱི་ “ཨར་སྐྲུན་ཆེན་པོ་རྣམས་” ལ་ཆགས་སྡང་གསུམ་པའི་ཆགས་འཇིགས་ཀྱི་ཨིས་ལམ་གྱིས་རྡུང་བརྡེགས་བྱས་པ་ཡིན། 9/11 ནི་བརྒྱ་དང་བཞི་བཅུ་ཞེ་བཞི་སྟོང་གི་ཐམ་གདབ་དུས་ཀྱི་འགོ་འཛུགས་མཚོན། ཐམ་གདབ་ནི་དུས་ཡུན་ཞིག་ཡིན་ཞིང་། ཐམ་གདབ་ཀྱི་དུས་ཡུན་དེ་མཇུག་སྡུད་པའི་ཚེ། དེའི་འགོ་འཛུགས་ཀྱི་དུས་ཡུན་ལ་ཡོད་པའི་ཁྱད་ཆོས་རྣམས་ཀྱང་ལྡན་པ་ཡིན། 9/11 ཉིན་ཀྲིསྟོས་མར་འབབ་པའི་ཚེ། ཁོང་གིས་ 2023 ལོའི་ཟླ་ 12 པའི་ཚེས་ 31 ཉིན་དཔང་པོ་གཉིས་སླར་གསོན་པར་བྱེད་པའི་མི་ཁལ་མར་འབབ་པ་མཚོན་ཞིང་། དེའི་ཉིན་ཐམ་གདབ་ཀྱི་མཐའ་མའི་དུས་ཡུན་འགོ་བཙུགས་སོ།
Kiyi inova kurwa kweNinivhe inomirira kusunungurwa kwakasiyana-siyana kweIslamu, kwaizowisira pasi Roma yokumabvazuva panosvika 1453. Mukati memakore zana namakumi mashanu e“mwedzi mishanu” yomundima yegumi, pakutanga uyewo pakuguma pane nguva yemakore mana. Nguva mbiri idzodzo dzemakore mana dzinobatana nemhedziso yemakore mazana matatu namakumi mapfumbamwe nerimwe namazuva gumi namashanu, iyo yakaratidza nguva yemakore mana kubva muna 1840 kusvikira muna 1844 apo Kristu aizovhenekera “nyika yose nokubwinya kwake.” Muna 1844, nguva youprofita yakaguma kushandiswa, nokuti nguva yaizova “nguva isisipo.”
Akapika na iye anorarama nokusingaperi-peri, iye akasika denga nezvinhu zviri mariri, nenyika nezvinhu zviri pairi, negungwa nezvinhu zviri mariri, kuti nguva yakanga isisazovipo. Zvakazarurwa 10:6.
1333 සිට 1337 දක්වා, 1449 සිට 1453 දක්වා, 1840 සිට 1844 දක්වා
Mitsetse mitatu iyoyo yenguva dzemakore mana inowirirana nenguva yokuisa chisimbiso kubva pa9/11 kusvikira kumurayiro weSvondo, uye inowiriranawo nefractal ye9/11 kusvikira kumurayiro weSvondo inomiririrwa kubva musi wa31 Zvita 2023 kusvikira Islam yasunungurwazve kuti iunze mabhora omoto eNashville.
Chimiro chechiporofita kubva muna Zvita 31, 2023 kusvika kumabhora omoto eNashville chakafananidzirwa nenguva nhatu dzechiporofita dzemakore mana, idzo dzose dzinowirirana nenguva yokuiswa chisimbiso kubva pa9/11 kusvika kumutemo weSvondo. Naizvozvo, zvapupu zvina zvinoratidza nhoroondo kubva muna Zvita 31, 2023 kusvika pakurwiswa kweNashville, uye yaiva hondo yeNinevhe iri iyo “kiyi” yechimwe nechimwe chezvapupu izvi. 1333, 1449, 1840 uye 9/11 zvose zvakanga zviri nzvimbo dzokushanduka— “makiyi.”
“Pane zvidzidzo zvinofanira kudzidzwa kubva munhoroondo yezvakapfuura; uye kutariswa kunodanidzirwa kuzvinhu izvi, kuti vose vanzwisise kuti Mwari vanoshanda nenzira dzimwe chetedzo zvino sezvavakagara vachiita nguva dzose. Ruoko rwavo runoonekwa mubasa ravo uye pakati pendudzi zvino, saizvozvowo sezvarwakagara rwuri kubva panguva yakatanga kuparidzirwa vhangeri kuna Adhamu muEdheni.
“Kune nguva dzinova nzvimbo dzokutendeuka munhoroondo yendudzi neyekeresiya. Muutungamiri hwaMwari, kana nguva idzi dzakasiyana dzedambudziko dzasvika, chiedza chenguva iyoyo chinopiwa. Kana chikagamuchirwa, panova nekufambira mberi pamweya; kana chikarambwa, kuderera pamweya nokuputsikirwa nechikepe kunotevera. Ishe muShoko ravo vakazarura basa rinopinda nokushinga reevhangeri sezvarakaitwa munguva yakapfuura, uye sezvarichaitwa mune remangwana, kusvikira pakurwisana kwokupedzisira, apo masimba aSatani achaita kufamba kwawo kwokupedzisira kunoshamisa.” Bible Echo, August 26, 1895.
නිකොමීදියා
Diocletian paakava mutongi mukuru muna 284, uye muna 293 akasarudza Nicomedia seguta guru rokumabvazuva roHushe hweRoma paakakamura hushe pamutemo kuva Kumabvazuva neKumadokero, achisimbisa hurongwa hweTetrarchy. Nicomedia rakashanda seguta guru guru rezvekutonga nerehondo kuMabvazuva kwamakumi amakore akati wandei. Constantine Mukuru akarishandisa senzvimbo yake huru asati afunga kuvaka guta guru idzva paByzantium yaiva pedyo (raakazotumidza kuti Constantinople muna 330). Kunyange pashure pokunge Constantinople rava guta guru chikuru, Nicomedia rakaramba riri muzinda mukuru wedunhu, rakagara panzvimbo inokosha kwazvo pamhenderekedzo yokumabvazuva yeGungwa reMarmara. Naizvozvo, kunyange zvazvo risina kuva guta guru rechigarire seRoma kana Constantinople, Nicomedia rakagadzwa zviri pamutemo seguta guru rokumabvazuva munguva inokosha yokuchinja munhoroondo yeRoma. Pakutanga kwamakore zana namakumi mashanu, guta guru reRoma yokumabvazuva rinokundwa, uye pakuguma kwawo, guta guru reRoma yokumabvazuva rinokundwawo. Kukunda uku kuri kuviri kwakabatanidza kukombwa kweguta.
Diokletiani
Mambo Diocletian akagadza zviri pamutemo Nicomedia seguta guru rokumabvazuva roumambo hweRoma paakaisa mukushanda hurongwa hweTetrarchy muna 293. Hurongwa hweTetrarchy hwakanga hwakaumbwa nechikamu chokumadokero nechokumabvazuva choumambo; kumabvazuva nokumadokero zvose zvine mambo mukuru (Augusti) nomambo mudiki (Caesar), kuti zvizadzise uwandu hwevana hunomirirwa neshoko rokuti “tetrarchy”.
ඇල්ෆා සහ ඔමෙගා
Dhiokletiani ndiye ishara ya omega ya kanisa la Smirna, na Nero ndiye ishara ya alpha. Konstantino Mkuu ndiye ishara ya alpha ya kanisa la Pergamo, na Justiniani ndiye ishara ya omega.
Ku gavanywa ka Roma “hi ku landza nawu” ku va vuxeni ni vupela-dyambu (leswi swi nga tshama swi nga yimi nkarhi wo leha) ku endliwile hi Diocletian, naswona ku avana ka Roma hi ku hetiseka ka vuprofeta ku va vuxeni ni vupela-dyambu ku endliwile hi Constantine. Emahlweninyana ya kereke ya vumbirhi ya xikombiso ya ku xanisiwa, leyi yimeleriwaka hi Smyrna, Roma yi avanyisiwile hi nawu ku va vuxeni ni vupela-dyambu; naswona emahlweninyana ya kereke ya vunharhu ya xikombiso ya ku pfumelelana ni misava, leyi yimeleriwaka hi Pergamos, Roma yi avanyisiwile hi ndlela ya vuprofeta ku va vuxeni ni vupela-dyambu. 293 a ku ri alpha, naswona 330 a ku ri omega; kutani hi May 11, 330, Constantine Lonkulu u hlawule Constantinople tanihi ntsindza wa Mfumo.
Ukugawulwa komthetho okwenziwa nguDiocletian ngonyaka ka-293 kwawa ngenxa yempi yombango eyalandela kwaze kwaba yi-Edict of Milan ngonyaka ka-313, lapho uConstantine wasempumalanga noLicinius wasentshonalanga bekhipha i-Edict of Milan, benza ubuKristu bube semthethweni, futhi ngokuphumelelayo baqeda iTetrarchy—isistimu yababusi abane abasebenzisanayo eyawa yaba umzabalazo phakathi kwamandla amabili amakhulu (uConstantine eNtshonalanga noLicinius eMpumalanga). Lokhu kugawulwa komthetho, okwaletha ukuwa, kufanekisa isikhathi seminyaka engamashumi amabili kusukela ekwahlukanisweni kuya ekwahlukanisweni, futhi kokubili ukwahlukaniswa kwabangela ukuwa kwesistimu.
Ibandla laseSmirna laqala ngexesha likaNero ngowama-64, xa umlilo omkhulu waseRoma wasetyenziswa nguNero ukutshutshisa amaKristu, awawatyhola ngokuqalisa loo mlilo. UNero uphawula ukuqala kwentshutshiso, yaye ungumfuziselo wentshutshiso yokugqibela yemihla yokugqibela. Loo ntshutshiso yokugqibela iyaqhubeka kude kube sekupheleni kwexesha lovavanyo, xa igunya lobupopu lifikelela esiphelweni salo kungekho bani wokulinceda. Ngaloo ndlela, ixesha lokuqala lentshutshiso laqala ngokutshiswa kweRoma, yaye liphela ngokutshiswa kweRoma.
“Nara gumi dzawa khumi dzawakawona pa chilombo, zimenezi zidzadana ndi huleyo, ndipo zidzamsiya ali bwinja ndi wamaliseche, ndipo zidzadya mnofu wake, ndi kumuwotcha ndi moto.” Chivumbulutso 17:16.
Chechi cheSmyrna chakatanga naNero muna 64 apo moto mukuru weRoma wakashandiswa naNero kutambudza vaKristu, avo Nero akapomera mhaka yokuti ndivo vakatanga moto wacho. Makore mazana maviri namakumi mashanu gare gare chakaguma muna 313 neMutemo weMilan. “Mutemo” uyu ndiwo kuguma kwenguva yemakore makumi maviri yakatanga nokugoverwa kwapamutemo kwakaitwa naDiocletian, uye wakanga uriwo kuguma kwemakore mazana maviri namakumi mashanu eSmyrna akatanga naNero. Makore mazana maviri namakumi mashanu okutambudzwa anomiririrwa nechechi yeSmyrna naNero aisanganisira makore gumi okutambudzwa kwakaipisisa zvikuru kwakakonzerwa naDiocletian. Makore gumi iwayo okutambudzwa akanga ari hafu yokupedzisira yemakore makumi maviri aDiocletian ayo akatanga nokugoverwa kwake kwapamutemo kwehumambo muna 293. Kubva pakugoverwa kwapamutemo kuva kumabvazuva nokumadokero kwakaitwa naDiocletian muna 293 kwakatanga nguva yemakore makumi maviri yakanga yakaumbwa nenguva mbiri dzemakore gumi.
Diocletian akagovera humambo kuva kumabvazuva nokumadokero maererano nomutemo, nokudaro achifananidzira kupatsanurwa kwechiprofita kwakazadzikiswa naConstantine. Kupatsanurwa kwaDiocletian kwaiva kwemabvazuva nokumadokero, asi kwaisanganisira vatongi vaviri kumabvazuva navatongi vaviri kumadokero. Mutongi mumwe mukuru nomumwe wechipiri kudunhu rimwe nerimwe. Musi wa23 Kukadzi, 303, Diocletian akabudisa wekutanga pamitemo yakati kuti “edicts” yaipikisa vaKristu, zvichiratidza kutanga kweKutambudzwa Kukuru, (kunonziwo Kutambudzwa kwaDiocletian), iko kutambudzwa kwakaipisisa uye kwakapararira zvikuru kwevaKristu muHumambo hweRoma.
Na ka lengeloi la kereke e Smirna ngola o re: Sena ke se boleloang ke oa pele le oa ho qetela, ea kileng a shoa, empa a boela a phela: Ke tseba mesebetsi ea hao, le matšoenyeho, le bofuma, (empa u morui) hape ke tseba nyefolo ea ba reng ke Bajuda, athe ha ba joalo, empa ke synagoge ea Satane. U se ke ua tšaba letho la tseo u tlang ho li utloa bohloko ka tsona; bona, Diabolose o tla akhela ba bang ba lōna chankaneng, hore le tle le lekwe; ’me le tla ba le matšoenyeho ka matsatsi a leshome: e-ba ea tšepahalang ho isa lefung, ’me ke tla u fa moqhaka oa bophelo. Ea nang le tsebe, a ke a utloe seo Moea o se bolellang likereke; ea hlolang a ke ke a utloisoa bohloko ke lefu la bobeli. Tšenolo 2:8–10.
Kutambudzwa kukuru kwakaramba kuchienderera mberi pasi pevatsivi vaDiocletian (zvikurukuru Galerius) kusvikira muna 313, pakwakaguma neChirevo cheMilan. Nero ndiye chiratidzo chekutanga chekuteverera chaifananidzira Diocletian sekutambudzwa kwekupedzisira kwenguva yechiporofita inomiririrwa nechechi yeSmirna. Kutambudzwa uku kwakaguma nemuchato wezvematongerwo enyika nechibvumirano pakati paConstantine wekumabvazuva naLicinius wekumadokero. Muna Kukadzi 313, Constantine naLicinius vakasangana muMilan vakabudisa Chirevo cheMilan, icho chakapa kushivirira mune zvechitendero kuvaKristu (nevamwewo) muumambo hwose. Kuti vasimbise sungano yavo yezvematongerwo enyika, Licinius akaroora Constantia (hanzvadzi yaConstantine yokubaba mumwe) panguva yemusangano uyu kana pedyo nawo. Muchato uyu waive mubatanidzwa wezvematongerwo enyika chaiwo wechiRoma—uchisimbisa chibvumirano pakati pemadzimambo maviri aya uye ukabatsira kugadzikisa umambo kwenguva pfupi pashure pemakore ehondo dzomunyika. Mubatanidzwa uyu hauna kugara kwenguva refu. Constantine naLicinius vakazozorwa gare gare, uye Constantine akakunda Licinius muna 324, achiva mutongi oga.
Kubva kuna Nero kusvika kuna Constantine nguva yechiporofita yeSmirna yemakore mazana maviri nemakumi mashanu yakazadzikiswa, uye muna 313 kereke yePergamo, kereke yokubvumirana, yakatanga, ichizoguma nekereke yeTiatira muna 538. Makore mazana maviri nemakumi mashanu eSmirna aimiririra nguva yokutambudzwa, uye pakupera kwenguva yacho yose kutambudzwa kwaDiocletian kwakazadzisa “mazuva gumi” eZvakazarurwa (makore gumi), umo nguva yakaipisisa yokutambudzwa inomiririra fractal yenguva yose. Makore gumi iwayo fractal yemakore mazana maviri nemakumi mashanu. Makore gumi iwayo anomiririra omega yokutambudzwa kwaNero, uye pakuguma kwawo omega kupatsanurwa kwehumambo kuva kumabvazuva nekumadokero.
Umtshato Noqhawulo-mtshato
Smyrna yakatanga pakupiswa kweRoma muna 64 ikaguma makore mazana maviri nemakumi mashanu gare gare muna 313 neChirevo cheMilan pamwe chete nemuchato wezvematongerwo enyika pakati pebvazuva nekumadokero. Fractal yemakore gumi yekutambudzwa yakatanga muna 303 ikaguma muna 313 neChirevo cheMilan pamwe chete nemuchato wezvematongerwo enyika pakati pebvazuva nekumadokero. Makore makumi maviri akatanga nekuparadzaniswa kwepamutemo kwebvazuva nekumadokero muna 293 naDiocletian akaguma muna 313 nemuchato wezvematongerwo enyika pakati pebvazuva nekumadokero. Chibvumirano chemuchato cha313 pakati pebvazuva nekumadokero chakaguma nekurambana kwa324, apo Constantine akakunda Licinius wekumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero akava mutongi oga weRoma. Kurambana kwechiporofita kwa324 kwakauya makore matatu mushure memutemo wokutanga weSvondo muna 321.
Makore gumi namanomwe kubva muna 313 kusvikira muna 330 anoratidza muchato wezvematongerwo enyika, uye kuguma kwekutambudzwa kunomiririrwa neSmirna naNero, pamwe nokutanga kwekereke yokuwirirana inofananidzirwa nePergamo. Kutanga kwePergamo muna 313 pamuchato wacho, kwakateverwa nokutanga kwekutambudzwa kwakatanga pamutemo wokutanga weSvondo muna 321. Izvozvo zvakateverwa nokurambana kwechiporofita muna 324, uko kwakabatanidza mabvazuva namadokero kuva humambo humwe pasi paConstantine. Makore matanhatu gare gare muna 330 kupatsanurwa kuva mabvazuva namadokero kwakadzokororwa nenzira yechiporofita. Makore gumi namanomwe iwayo anomiririra nguva yealpha yekereke yePergamo yaizoenderera mberi kusvikira kereke yeTiatira yasvika munhoroondo yechiporofita muna 538. Nguva iyoyo yealpha yaizomiririra nhoroondo yeomega pakuguma kwenguva kubva muna 330 kusvikira muna 538. Nhoroondo yeomega yePergamo inomiririra nguva ya496, 508, uye 533.
Miaka Kumi na Saba
പ്റ്റോളമി രാഫ്യായിലെ യുദ്ധത്തിന്റേതായ “പതിനേഴു വർഷം” ഭരിച്ചു; രാഫ്യായിലെ യുദ്ധത്തിന്റെയും പാനിയത്തിലെ യുദ്ധത്തിന്റെയും ഇടയിൽ “പതിനേഴു വർഷം” ഉണ്ടായിരുന്നു. ആ പതിനേഴു വർഷങ്ങൾ പ്രതീകാത്മകമായി 313 മുതൽ 330 വരെയുള്ള പതിനേഴു വർഷങ്ങളുമായി ഒത്തുചേരുന്നു. നീറോയുടെ സ്മിർണയുടെ ഇരുനൂറ്റിയമ്പത് വർഷങ്ങൾ പെർഗാമോസിലെ സഭയുടെ ആദ്യ പതിനേഴു വർഷങ്ങളിലേക്കു നയിച്ചു; അതുപോലെ, ക്രി.മു. 457-ൽ ഉണ്ടായ മൂന്നാമത്തെ കല്പനയിൽ ആരംഭിച്ചിരുന്ന ഇരുനൂറ്റിയമ്പത് വർഷങ്ങളോടും അത് ബന്ധപ്പെടുന്നു; അതാണ് ദാനിയേൽ എട്ടാം അദ്ധ്യായം പതിനാലാം വാക്യത്തിലെ 2300 വർഷങ്ങളുടെ ആരംഭബിന്ദുവും, അഡ്വെന്റിസത്തിന്റെ അടിസ്ഥാനവും കേന്ദ്രസ്തംഭവും ആകുന്നതും. ഇരുനൂറ്റിയമ്പത് വർഷങ്ങളായ രണ്ടു സാക്ഷികൾ, 1776-ൽ ആരംഭിച്ച് ഈ വർഷമായ 2026-ൽ അവസാനിക്കുന്ന ബൈബിൾ പ്രവചനത്തിലെ ആറാമത്തെ രാജ്യത്തിന്റെ ഇരുനൂറ്റിയമ്പത് വർഷങ്ങളുമായി ഒത്തുചേരുന്നു.
Amaphayona obu-Adventism awazange ayibone noma ayiqonde iminyaka eyishumi nesikhombisa ka-313 kuya ku-330, ngokuba ngo-1844 ayengakawuqondi nakancane umbuzo weSabatha losuku lwesikhombisa noma usuku lwelanga. Nokho aqaphela iminyaka eyikhulu namashumi amahlanu yevesi leshumi leSambulo isahluko 9, futhi yaba yisiqalo sesikhathi esaholela eminyakeni engamakhulu amathathu namashumi ayisishiyagalolunye nanye nezinsuku eziyishumi nanhlanu eyaphela ngo-August 11, 1840. Lokho kuqonda kwaveza “ukubonakaliswa okukhulu kwamandla kaNkulunkulu.”
Avapayona havana kuziva nguva yechipiri yemakore zana nemakumi mashanu muna Zvakazarurwa 9. Kunzwisisa kwavo kwekutanga kunomiririra hwaro hunovakwa pamusoro pahwo “chiedza chitsva” cheZvakazarurwa 9. Chiedza ichocho chinovhurwa ne“kiyi” yehondo yeNinivhe. “Kiyi” iyoyo inobvumira mudzidzi wechiporofita kuziva umambo hwose hwechiporofita cheBhaibheri hunomiririrwa muna Danieri neZvakazarurwa. Bhabhironi, Medhia nePeresia, Girisi, humambo hweSeleucid nePtolemaic, umambo hwaMohammed, uye zvinokosha zvikuru, inokudza humambo hweRoma nokuratidza kusimuka nekudonha kwete kweRoma chete, asiwo kwehumambo hweRoma yokumabvazuva neyokumadokero, pamwe chete neUnited States (muporofita wenhema), upapa (chikara) neUnited Nations (dhiragoni). Kusimuka nekudonha kwose kwehumambo uhwu kunopupura mafambiro edhiragoni, echikara, nemuporofita wenhema ayo pakupedzisira anounza nyika kuArmagedhoni. Mafambiro iwayo anomiririrwa mukati memavhesi matanhatu okupedzisira aDanieri 11, uye kutanga kwamafambiro acho kunomiririrwa munhoroondo yakavanzika yevhesi 40.
Hondo yeNinevhe inopa nzvimbo yokureverera kwechiporofita inobatanidza uchapupu hwoumambo hweRoma, ushe hweRoma yokumabvazuva neRoma yokumadokero, pamwe neRoma yepapa, mukutevedzana kwezviitiko zvenguva yokupedzisira. Naizvozvo, hondo yeNinevhe ndiyo kiyi inoratidza zvizere uchapupu hwakasiyana-siyana hwechiporofita pamusoro peRoma, uye maererano nendima yechina yegumi nechina yaDhanieri gumi nerimwe, iRoma inosimbisa chiratidzo. Kiyi inobatanidza mitsetse iyoyo pamwe chete ihondo yeNinevhe.
Tizaamba kuswaanganya mabuuku aano aayo aatangila aakusyomeka pa makwebo aa Chiyubunuzyo 9 mu buuku bwesu butobela.