The Book of Daniel unfolds a remarkable prophetic narrative, weaving a principle of repeat and enlarge which threads through its visions, from the metallic statue of chapter 2 to the intricate kingly conflicts of chapter 11. Within this framework, a compelling case emerges: the Battle of Actium in 31 BC, culminating in Egypt’s fall in 30 BC, stands as a pivotal fulfillment of Daniel 11:25, 26, marking the dawn of pagan Rome’s 360-year supremacy.
Le Livre de Daniel déploie un remarquable récit prophétique, tissant un principe de répétition et d’amplification qui traverse ses visions, depuis la statue métallique du chapitre 2 jusqu’aux conflits royaux complexes du chapitre 11. Dans ce cadre, un argument convaincant se dégage : la bataille d’Actium en 31 av. J.-C., culminant dans la chute de l’Égypte en 30 av. J.-C., constitue un accomplissement décisif de Daniel 11:25, 26, marquant l’aube de la suprématie de 360 ans de la Rome païenne.
Daniel 11 begins with the rise and fall of empires following Alexander the Great’s death in 323 BC. Yet, by verse 14, a shift occurs. Around 200 BC, as Antiochus III (Magnus) prepared for the Battle of Panium against the child-king Ptolemy V, Rome intervened, not as a mere bystander but as the “robbers of thy people.” Concerned about securing Egypt’s wheat supply amid Hellenistic turmoil, Rome flexed its influence during the Second Macedonian War (200–197 BC), setting the stage for its prophetic role.
Daniel 11 ouvre sur l’ascension et la chute des empires après la mort d’Alexandre le Grand, en 323 av. J.-C. Pourtant, au verset 14, un changement s’opère. Vers 200 av. J.-C., tandis qu’Antiochus III (Magnus) se préparait pour la bataille de Panium contre le roi-enfant Ptolémée V, Rome intervint, non comme un simple spectateur, mais comme les « brigands de ton peuple ». Soucieuse d’assurer l’approvisionnement en blé de l’Égypte au milieu des troubles hellénistiques, Rome fit valoir son influence durant la deuxième guerre macédonienne (200–197 av. J.-C.), préparant ainsi le terrain pour son rôle prophétique.
Rome’s Dominance Over the Jews
Римското господство над евреите
Fast forward to 63 BC, and verse 16 finds fulfillment when Pompey storms Jerusalem, entering the Holy of Holies and asserting Roman dominion over the “glorious land.” From here, verses 17 through 22 trace a succession of Roman figures: Pompey’s eastern campaigns, Julius Caesar’s conquests and assassination in 44 BC, Augustus Caesar’s tax-raising reign (noted in Luke 2:1) ending in 14 AD, and Tiberius overseeing Christ’s crucifixion in the year 31 AD, when the “prince of the covenant” was broken. The prophetic line from Pompey in Jerusalem to Titus in Jerusalem in 70 AD, sets forth the line of Rome’s dominance over God’s people.
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Beginning with a Roman General desecrating the temple on to the ending when a Roman General destroyed the temple provides the signature of Alpha and Omega. Beginning with desecrating and ending with destruction the historical line also contains the desecration and the destruction of the One who said of Himself, “Destroy this temple and in three days I will raise it up.” Truth is made up of the first, thirteenth and last letter of the Hebrew alphabet, and the line beginning with Pompey and ending with Titus includes a middle temple destruction that is represented by the middle of three crosses, that were erected at the very middle of the week Christ came to confirm the covenant. Verses sixteen through twenty-two represent a prophetic line that bears the signature of truth. There are a handful of important prophetic lines within the history represented by the verses, but the primary theme of the line is Rome’s dominance over the Jews.
Քանի որ այն սկսվում է հռոմեական մի զորավարի կողմից տաճարի պղծմամբ և ավարտվում է այն ժամանակով, երբ հռոմեական մի զորավար կործանեց տաճարը, այն կրում է Ալֆայի և Օմեգայի կնիքը։ Սկսվելով պղծմամբ և ավարտվելով կործանմամբ՝ պատմական այդ գիծը ներառում է նաև Նրա պղծումն ու կործանումը, Ով Իր մասին ասաց. «Քանդեցե՛ք այս տաճարը, և երեք օրում ես այն կվերականգնեմ»։ Ճշմարտությունը կազմված է եբրայական այբուբենի առաջին, տասներեքերորդ և վերջին տառերից, և այն գիծը, որ սկսվում է Պոմպեոսով և ավարտվում Տիտոսով, ներառում է տաճարի մի միջին կործանում, որը ներկայացված է երեք խաչերից միջնագույնով, որոնք կանգնեցվեցին հենց այն շաբաթվա ճիշտ մեջտեղում, որում Քրիստոսը եկավ հաստատելու ուխտը։ Տասնվեցից մինչև քսաներկու համարները ներկայացնում են մի մարգարեական գիծ, որը կրում է ճշմարտության կնիքը։ Համարներով ներկայացված պատմության ներսում կան մի քանի կարևոր մարգարեական գծեր, սակայն այդ գծի գլխավոր թեման Հռոմի գերիշխանությունն է հրեաների վրա։
Leagues and Treaties
Ligues et Traités
Verse 23 “repeats and enlarges” by looping back to 161–158 BC, when the Jews under Judas Maccabeus forged a league with Rome (1 Maccabees 8). This highlights Rome’s unique empire-building strategy—conquest through treaties and alliances, a method distinct from its predecessors. Verse 24 concludes this phase, noting Rome would “forecast its devices from the strongholds, even for a time.”
ខណ្ឌទី ២៣ «ស្ទួនឡើងវិញ ហើយពង្រីកបន្ថែម» ដោយត្រឡប់ទៅកាន់ឆ្នាំ ១៦១–១៥៨ មុន គ.ស. នៅពេលដែលពួកយូដាក្រោមការដឹកនាំរបស់យូដាស ម៉ាកាបេអុស បានចងសម្ព័ន្ធមិត្តជាមួយទីក្រុងរ៉ូម (1 Maccabees 8)។ ការនេះបញ្ជាក់ឲ្យឃើញយុទ្ធសាស្ត្រកសាងអាណាចក្រដ៏ពិសេសរបស់រ៉ូម គឺការឈ្នះកាន់កាប់តាមរយៈសន្ធិសញ្ញា និងសម្ព័ន្ធភាព ជាវិធីសាស្ត្រមួយដែលខុសប្លែកពីអាណាចក្រមុនៗរបស់វា។ ខណ្ឌទី ២៤ បញ្ចប់ដំណាក់កាលនេះ ដោយកត់សម្គាល់ថា រ៉ូមនឹង «គ្រោងឧបាយកលរបស់វាពីទីរឹងមាំទាំងឡាយ សូម្បីតែសម្រាប់មួយរយៈកាល»។
And after the league made with him he shall work deceitfully: for he shall come up, and shall become strong with a small people. He shall enter peaceably even upon the fattest places of the province; and he shall do that which his fathers have not done, nor his fathers’ fathers; he shall scatter among them the prey, and spoil, and riches: yea, and he shall forecast his devices against the strong holds, even for a time. Daniel 11:23, 24.
Y después del pacto hecho con él, obrará engañosamente; porque subirá y se hará fuerte con poca gente. Entrará pacíficamente aun en los lugares más fértiles de la provincia; y hará lo que no hicieron sus padres, ni los padres de sus padres; repartirá entre ellos presa, despojos y riquezas; y maquinará sus designios contra las fortalezas, aunque sólo por un tiempo. Daniel 11:23, 24.
For a Time
Kwa Wakati Fulani
The word translated “against” can be understood as the word “from”. Rome forecasts its devices “from”. The word “from” in the verse points to the city of Rome, the empire’s political and military heart, as the base of its strategies. The “time” is prophetically 360 years, beginning when Egypt falls in 30 BC after Actium, and ending in the year 330 when Constantine abandons Rome for Constantinople.
Das Wort, das mit „gegen“ übersetzt wird, kann auch als das Wort „von“ verstanden werden. Rom ersinnt seine Pläne „von“ dort aus. Das Wort „von“ in dem Vers weist auf die Stadt Rom, das politische und militärische Herz des Reiches, als den Ausgangspunkt seiner Strategien hin. Die „Zeit“ beträgt prophetisch 360 Jahre; sie beginnt, als Ägypten nach Actium im Jahr 30 v. Chr. fällt, und endet im Jahr 330, als Konstantin Rom zugunsten Konstantinopels verlässt.
Verses 25 and 26 zero in on Actium itself.
Ndime 25 ne 26 zitunu pa Actium yene.
And he shall stir up his power and his courage against the king of the south with a great army; and the king of the south shall be stirred up to battle with a very great and mighty army; but he shall not stand: for they shall forecast devices against him. Yea, they that feed of the portion of his meat shall destroy him, and his army shall overflow: and many shall fall down slain. Daniel 11:25, 26.
Naye atachochea nguvu zake na ujasiri wake dhidi ya mfalme wa kusini pamoja na jeshi kubwa; na mfalme wa kusini atachochewa kuingia vitani akiwa na jeshi kubwa sana na lenye nguvu; lakini hatasimama; kwa maana watapanga hila dhidi yake. Naam, wale wanaokula sehemu ya chakula chake watamwangamiza, na jeshi lake litafurika; nao wengi wataanguka wakiwa wameuawa. Danieli 11:25, 26.
In 31 BC, Octavian, representing Rome as the “king of the north,” marshaled his forces against Cleopatra’s Egypt, the “king of the south,” in a monumental naval clash. Antony and Cleopatra’s “very great and mighty army” faltered, undone by strategic “devices” (Agrippa’s tactics) and betrayals—defections from Antony’s allies and Cleopatra’s mid-battle retreat. By 30 BC, Egypt was a Roman province, launching pagan Rome’s unchallenged rule. This 360-year span, from 30 BC to 330, aligns with Rome’s supremacy centered in its original stronghold, until Constantine’s shift “cast down” the stronghold, as Daniel 8:11 foretells.
Yn 31 CC, Octavian, yn cynrychioli Rhufain fel “brenin y gogledd,” a gasglodd ei luoedd yn erbyn yr Aifft dan Cleopatra, “brenin y de,” mewn gwrthdaro llyngesol anferth. Methodd “byddin hynod fawr a nerthol” Antony a Cleopatra, wedi ei difetha gan “ddyfeisiau” strategol (tactegau Agrippa) a bradychiadau—ymadawiadau o blith cynghreiriaid Antony ac enciliad Cleopatra yng nghanol y frwydr. Erbyn 30 CC, yr oedd yr Aifft yn dalaith Rufeinig, gan gychwyn ar lywodraeth ddiwrthwynebiad Rhufain baganaidd. Y mae’r cyfnod hwn o 360 mlynedd, o 30 CC hyd 330, yn cyd-fynd â goruchafiaeth Rhufain wedi ei chanoli yn ei chadarnle gwreiddiol, hyd nes y gwnaeth symudiad Cystennin “fwrw i lawr” y cadarnle, fel y rhagddywed Daniel 8:11.
Yea, he magnified himself even to the prince of the host, and by him the daily sacrifice was taken away, and the place of his sanctuary was cast down. Daniel 8:11.
Үнэхээр тэрээр цэргийн ноёны эсрэг өөрийгөө өргөмжилсөн бөгөөд түүний улмаас өдөр тутмын тахил хураагдаж, түүний ариун газрын орон нурж унагав. Даниел 8:11.
When Constantine cast down the city of Rome for the city of Constantinople, he left a power vacuum in the city of Rome open for the papal church to take the seat of authority represented by the city of Rome. The act fulfilled verse two of Revelation thirteen.
Wakati Konstantino aliuachia mji wa Roma kwa ajili ya mji wa Konstantinopoli, aliacha ombwe la mamlaka katika mji wa Roma, likiwa wazi kwa kanisa la kipapa kuchukua kiti cha mamlaka kinachowakilishwa na mji wa Roma. Tendo hilo lilitimiza aya ya pili ya Ufunuo kumi na tatu.
And the beast which I saw was like unto a leopard, and his feet were as the feet of a bear, and his mouth as the mouth of a lion: and the dragon gave him his power, and his seat, and great authority. Revelation 13:2.
Et je vis une bête semblable à un léopard ; ses pieds étaient comme ceux d’un ours, et sa gueule comme la gueule d’un lion ; et le dragon lui donna sa puissance, son trône, et une grande autorité. Apocalypse 13:2.
In Daniel 8, two different Hebrew words, both translated as “sanctuary” distinguish the story of the sanctuary in the book of Daniel. The book of Daniel represents a warfare between Christ and Satan as illustrated in the earthly representatives of Christ and Satan. Babylon, Satan’s earthly representative conquers Jerusalem in the opening of Daniel, and Jerusalem conquers Babylon in verse forty-five of chapter eleven. The kingdoms represented by the city of Jerusalem and the city of Babylon are “sanctuaries of strength.” The cities of Babylon and Jerusalem are both sanctuaries of strength, and they both have their own temples within the city. The Pantheon temple is in the city of Rome, and the temple in Jerusalem is the counterpart in the prophetic narrative. Babylon and the city of Rome are counterfeits of Jerusalem.
Dans Daniel 8, deux mots hébreux différents, tous deux traduits par « sanctuaire », distinguent le récit du sanctuaire dans le livre de Daniel. Le livre de Daniel présente une guerre entre le Christ et Satan, telle qu’elle est illustrée par les représentants terrestres du Christ et de Satan. Babylone, représentant terrestre de Satan, conquiert Jérusalem à l’ouverture de Daniel, et Jérusalem conquiert Babylone au verset quarante-cinq du chapitre onze. Les royaumes représentés par la ville de Jérusalem et la ville de Babylone sont des « sanctuaires de force ». Les villes de Babylone et de Jérusalem sont toutes deux des sanctuaires de force, et elles possèdent chacune leurs propres temples au sein de la ville. Le temple du Panthéon se trouve dans la ville de Rome, et le temple de Jérusalem en est la contrepartie dans le récit prophétique. Babylone et la ville de Rome sont des contrefaçons de Jérusalem.
In Daniel 8, the two Hebrew words are “miqdash” in verse 11, where the little horn (pagan Rome) casts down the “place of his sanctuary” (the city of Rome), when Constantine relocates in 330. The other word is “qodesh” in verses 13, 14, where God’s sanctuary awaits cleansing after 2300 days. Though both words are translated as sanctuary, “miqdash” can represent either God’s fortress or a pagan fortress, whereas “qodesh” is only used in the Bible to represent God’s sanctuary.
在《但以理书》第8章中，这两个希伯来词分别是：第11节中的“miqdash”，在那里，小角（异教罗马）将“他圣所之地”（即罗马城）倾倒于地；这发生在君士坦丁于330年迁都之时。另一个词是第13、14节中的“qodesh”，在那里，上帝的圣所在2300日之后等候洁净。虽然这两个词都被译为“圣所”，但“miqdash”既可表示上帝的堡垒，也可表示异教的堡垒；而“qodesh”在《圣经》中只用来表示上帝的圣所。
In Daniel 11:31, the “sanctuary of strength” (the city of Rome) is polluted as the Barbarians and Vandals bring warfare to the city of Rome. The “arms” in the verse started with Clovis in 496 and continued until papal Rome, was fully ascendant by 538, when the Ostrogoths are expelled from the city.
Dans Daniel 11:31, le « sanctuaire de la force » (la ville de Rome) est profané lorsque les Barbares et les Vandales portent la guerre dans la ville de Rome. Les « bras » mentionnés dans le verset commencèrent avec Clovis en 496 et se poursuivirent jusqu’à ce que la Rome papale fût pleinement ascendante en 538, lorsque les Ostrogoths furent expulsés de la ville.
The prophetic line from Actium extends beyond 330. Verse 30’s “ships of Chittim” identify the Vandals under Genseric, who sacked Rome in 455, signaling Western Rome’s collapse. Papal Rome then rises, ruling from 538 until 1798; for 1260 years until Napoleon’s General Berthier delivered the “deadly wound” by capturing Pius VI. The 360 years of pagan Rome, from 30 BC to 330, mirrors the 1260 years of papal Rome, each beginning when a third obstacle (Egypt, Ostrogoths) falls.
Mstari wa kinabii kutoka Actium unaendelea zaidi ya mwaka 330. “Meli za Kittimu” za mstari wa 30 zinawatambulisha Wavandali chini ya Genseric, waliouteka na kuupora mji wa Rumi mwaka 455, jambo lililoashiria kuanguka kwa Rumi ya Magharibi. Kisha Rumi ya Upapa ikainuka, ikatawala kuanzia 538 hadi 1798; kwa miaka 1260 hadi Jenerali Berthier wa Napoleon alipoitoa “jeraha la mauti” kwa kumkamata Pius VI. Miaka 360 ya Rumi ya kipagani, kutoka 30 KK hadi 330, inalingana na miaka 1260 ya Rumi ya upapa, kila mmoja ukianza wakati kikwazo cha tatu (Misri, Waostrogothi) kinapoanguka.
The modern “king of the north” emerges in verse 40. In 1989, the papacy, allied secretly with Reagan’s USA (symbolized as chariots, ships, and horsemen), topples the USSR, the “king of the south” (atheism/Communism). Verse 41 identifies the papacy conquering the “glorious land”—turning the Protestant USA into the Catholic USA—while verses 42, 43 identify the United Nations represented by Egypt yielding to a threefold union consisting of the United Nations (the dragon) the Vatican (the beast) and the United States (the false prophet), steering the world to Armageddon. Verse 45 predicts this power’s end, “with none to help,” its wound healed in verse forty-one, but its fate sealed by verse forty-five.
Tubu la kɛrɛfɛla” waati kura bɔra ni sura 40. San 1989, papaati ye, a ka yɛrɛgundo kaɲɔgɔnya fɛ Reagan ka Amerika yɔrɔ la (min bɛ taamasiyɛn kɛ ni so-kɛrɛw, kɔnɔw, ani so-denw ye), USSR — “tubu la kɛrɛfɛla” (dalilabali/Kominisimu) — lajigi. Sura 41 bɛ papaati jira ka “dugukolo tɛgɛlɛn” kɛlɛnma — ka Amerika Protestanti bɛɛ yɛlɛma ka kɛ Amerika Katoliki — k’a sira suraw 42 ani 43 bɛ Mɔgɔyɔrɔw ka Jɛkulu la jamana min taamasiyɛn ye ni Misiri ye jira ka bɛn kɛ sabatali kaɲɔgɔnya dɔ la, min kɔrɔ ye Mɔgɔyɔrɔw ka Jɛkulu (sogomaɲɛ), Vatikan (jaw), ani Estados Unidos (nebikuma jɛnkɛla) ye, ka duniɲa kɛlɛnma ka ta Armagedon ma. Sura 45 bɛ sɛbɛnni in laban ko, “mɔgɔ si tɛ na a dɛmɛ”; a ka jiri ye ɲɛnamaya sɔrɔ sura ni bɛɛ-na-fɔlɔ 41 la, nka a ka dan tugu la sura 45 la.
Actium in 31 BC is the focus of verses 25, 26, launching Rome’s 360-year reign from its sanctuary-stronghold. With verse fourteen as a caveat, the story of pagan Rome from verse sixteen unto the transition to papal Rome in verse thirty-one is the complete line of pagan Rome. That line is divided into three parts. Verse sixteen to twenty-two is the line of Rome’s dominance over ancient Israel. Verse twenty-three and twenty-four identifies that work of empire building which Rome employed when conquering through leagues and treaties in conjunction with military might. Verse twenty-four through to the last expression in verse thirty-one is a two-part line representing a period when Rome exalted itself, followed by a fall.
Atio mwaka 31 BC ezali moboko ya bavɛrsɛ 25 mpe 26, mpe ezali kobanda bokonzi ya Roma ya mbula 360 uta na esika na yango ya bulee-ndako makasi. Elongo na vɛrsɛ ya zomi na minei lokola likebisi, lisolo ya Roma ya bapakano kobanda na vɛrsɛ ya zomi na motoba kino na mbongwana epai ya Roma ya bopapa na vɛrsɛ ya ntuku misato na moko ezali molɔngɔ mobimba ya Roma ya bapakano. Molɔngɔ yango ekabolami na biteni misato. Vɛrsɛ ya zomi na motoba kino na ntuku mibale na mibale ezali molɔngɔ ya bokonzi ya Roma likoló ya Yisraele ya kala. Vɛrsɛ ya ntuku mibale na misato mpe ya ntuku mibale na minei elakisi mosala wana ya kotonga bokonzi monene oyo Roma esalelaki ntango ezalaki kolonga na nzela ya boyokani mpe ya mayokani elongo na nguya ya basoda. Kobanda na vɛrsɛ ya ntuku mibale na minei kino na maloba ya nsuka na vɛrsɛ ya ntuku misato na moko ezali molɔngɔ ya biteni mibale oyo emonisaka eleko oyo Roma emikumisaki, mpe na nsima kokwea.
The “time appointed” is the conclusion of the 360 years in the year 330. Verses twenty-seven unto the last phrase of verse thirty-one, which identifies when the papal power, represented as the abomination that maketh desolate was placed on the throne in 538 is the history of pagan Rome in the context of the period of three hundred and sixty years of supreme rule, which is then followed by two hundred and eight years of a progressive fall.
L’« temps fixé » est l’achèvement des 360 années en l’an 330. Les versets vingt-sept jusqu’à la dernière proposition du verset trente-et-un, laquelle indique le moment où la puissance papale, représentée comme l’abomination qui cause la désolation, fut établie sur le trône en 538, constituent l’histoire de la Rome païenne dans le cadre de la période de trois cent soixante années de domination suprême, à laquelle succèdent ensuite deux cent huit années de déclin progressif.
Therefore the “time” of verse twenty-four begins in 31 BC with an addition of the king of the south to the domain of the king of the north, and it ends in 330 with a division of the king of the north into east and west. From 330 unto 538 pagan Rome progressively falls apart. The various prophetic identifications associated with the various steps of demise of pagan Rome are the prophetic anchors that allow the student of prophecy to recognize God’s prophetic Word. In fulfillment of verse fourteen of Daniel eleven, Rome establishes the vision, and one of the ways that it does that very thing is through its fall. The verse states, “also the robbers of thy people shall exalt themselves to establish the vision; but they shall fall.”
Nitorero “igihe” cy’umurongo wa makumyabiri na kane gitangirira mu mwaka wa 31 mbere ya Kristo, ubwo ubwami bw’epfo bwongerwaga ku butware bw’umwami w’amajyaruguru, kandi kigasozwa mu mwaka wa 330, ubwo ubwami bw’umwami w’amajyaruguru bwacikagamo ibice bibiri: iburasirazuba n’iburengerazuba. Kuva mu mwaka wa 330 kugeza mu wa 538, Roma ya gipagani igenda isenyuka buhoro buhoro. Ibiranga by’ubuhanuzi bitandukanye bifitanye isano n’intambwe zinyuranye z’isenyuka rya Roma ya gipagani ni byo nkingi z’ubuhanuzi zituma umunyeshuri w’ubuhanuzi amenya Ijambo ry’Imana ry’ubuhanuzi. Mu isohozwa ry’umurongo wa cumi na kane wa Daniyeli cumi n’umwe, Roma ishyiraho iyerekwa, kandi imwe mu nzira ikoramo icyo kintu nyirizina ni mu kugwa kwayo. Uwo murongo uravuga uti: “kandi n’abanyazi bo mu bwoko bwawe bazishyira hejuru kugira ngo bashyireho iyerekwa; ariko bazagwa.”
When Rome is attacked by the ships of Chittim, and thereafter attacks the south, it was not as the either the former or the latter, for from here onward the fall of the Roman power is being portrayed. The first four trumpets of the seven trumpets of Revelation found in chapter eight specifically describe the four major powers that ultimately brought Western Rome to a conclusion by 476. The vision is established when the robbers of thy people exalt themselves and fall. The prophetic vision is illustrated upon the framework of Rome’s fall. Western pagan Rome fell from 330 unto 538. Papal Rome fell in 1798. In the history of the fifth and sixth trumpet Eastern Rome fell to the Ottoman Turks in 1453. Those three falls are part of the vision that is established by the robbers of thy people.
যখন কিত্তিমের জাহাজসমূহ রোমের বিরুদ্ধে আক্রমণ করে, এবং তারপর সে দক্ষিণের বিরুদ্ধে আক্রমণ করে, তখন তা পূর্ববর্তীটির বা পরবর্তীতির মতো ছিল না; কারণ এই স্থান থেকে আরম্ভ করে রোমীয় শক্তির পতনই চিত্রিত হচ্ছে। প্রকাশিত বাক্য গ্রন্থের অষ্টম অধ্যায়ে পাওয়া সাতটি তূর্যের প্রথম চারটি তূর্য বিশেষভাবে সেই চারটি প্রধান শক্তিকে বর্ণনা করে, যারা পরিণামে ৪৭৬ সালের মধ্যে পাশ্চাত্য রোমের অবসান ঘটায়। দর্শনটি প্রতিষ্ঠিত হয়, যখন তোমার প্রজাদের মধ্যে লুণ্ঠনকারীরা নিজেদের উচ্চে তোলে এবং পতিত হয়। ভাববাণীমূলক দর্শনটি রোমের পতনের কাঠামোর উপর চিত্রিত হয়েছে। পাশ্চাত্যের পৌত্তলিক রোম ৩৩০ হইতে ৫৩৮ পর্যন্ত পতিত হয়। পাপাল রোম ১৭৯৮ সালে পতিত হয়। পঞ্চম ও ষষ্ঠ তূর্যের ইতিহাসে প্রাচ্য রোম ১৪৫৩ সালে অটোমান তুর্কিদের হাতে পতিত হয়। এই তিনটি পতন তোমার প্রজাদের মধ্যে লুণ্ঠনকারীদের দ্বারা প্রতিষ্ঠিত সেই দর্শনের অংশ।
The verse states, “also the robbers of thy people shall exalt themselves to establish the vision; but they shall fall.” From 31 BC to 330 pagan Rome “exalted themselves” in their supremacy over the world. From 330 to 538 pagan Rome fell away to prepare for the man of sin to be seated in the temple of God, proclaiming himself to be God. From 538 unto 1798 the papal power “exalted themselves,” and in 1798 they fell. From 31 BC to 330 Western Rome “exalted” that it was the center of the Roman empire, and from 330 unto 476 it fell. In 330 Constantine exalted that Constantinople was the center of Eastern Rome and in 1453 Eastern Rome fell. The periods of the various representations of Rome, each possess a period where Rome exalts, followed by a period illustrating its fall, for “the robbers of thy people shall exalt themselves to establish the vision; but they shall fall.”
Na verse i talem se, “ol stilman bilong ol manmeri bilong yu bai litimapim ol yet bilong strongim dispela driman; tasol bai ol i pundaun.” Long 31 BC i go inap long 330, haiden Rom i “litimapim ol yet” long nambawan strong bilong em antap long graun olgeta. Long 330 i go inap long 538, haiden Rom i pundaun i go daun bilong redim rot long man bilong sin i sindaun long tempel bilong God, na tokaut olsem em yet i God. Long 538 i go inap long 1798, pawa bilong pop i “litimapim ol yet,” na long 1798 ol i pundaun. Long 31 BC i go inap long 330, Wesen Rom i “litimapim” olsem em i senta bilong gavman bilong Rom, na long 330 i go inap long 476 em i pundaun. Long 330, Constantine i litimapim tok olsem Constantinople em i senta bilong Is Rom, na long 1453 Is Rom i pundaun. Ol haptaim bilong ol kainkain mak bilong Rom, wan wan i gat wanpela haptaim we Rom i litimapim em yet, bihain na wanpela haptaim i soim pundaun bilong en, long wanem, “ol stilman bilong ol manmeri bilong yu bai litimapim ol yet bilong strongim dispela driman; tasol bai ol i pundaun.”
The Hebrew word translated as “robbers” is better translated as “breakers” for it aligns more closely with the root’s primary sense—to break through or disrupt—rather than strictly “robbers” (which implies theft). The term suggests those who fracture boundaries, laws, or covenants, not just steal goods. Rome is the breaker in Bible prophecy, though it is translated as “robbers” in verse fourteen. In Daniel chapter two Rome is the iron kingdom, and then in chapter seven the fourth beast is also Rome.
Qeqa choyesv nvfeckv “robbers” hvtvm cehayv “breakers” vpoket os, mvto en vliketv em ponvkv root em honvsvs cvtotkv—to break through or disrupt—mvto “robbers” vt owis, hvtvm theft em yvnvsket os. Mv term hvtvm hocetv boundary, law, hokkolen covenant vm eponakos, eston goods em stelet os. Rome em breaker vpoket Bible prophecy em, hvtvm cehayv “robbers” verse fourteen em. Daniel chapter two em Rome hvtvm iron kingdom os, ahen chapter seven em fourth beast cvpofv Rome em os.
After this I saw in the night visions, and behold a fourth beast, dreadful and terrible, and strong exceedingly; and it had great iron teeth: it devoured and brake in pieces, and stamped the residue with the feet of it: and it was diverse from all the beasts that were before it; and it had ten horns. Daniel 7:7.
Après cela, je regardai dans les visions de la nuit, et voici, une quatrième bête, effroyable, terrible et extraordinairement forte; elle avait de grandes dents de fer: elle dévorait, brisait en pièces, et foulait aux pieds ce qui restait; elle était différente de toutes les bêtes qui l’avaient précédée; et elle avait dix cornes. Daniel 7:7.
The fourth beast–which is Rome–has “iron” teeth, for it is the same fourth kingdom represented as iron in chapter two. In verse seven the fourth beast of Rome “breaks in pieces,” and when it breaks in pieces it “stamped the residue with the feet of it.” The beast of Rome is the iron kingdom and the characteristic of braking in pieces and stamping the residue represents the act of persecution. The persecution brought upon ancient Israel was a “sign.”
Nyama ya nne—ambayo ni Roma—ina meno ya “chuma,” kwa maana ndiyo ufalme uleule wa nne uliowakilishwa kama chuma katika sura ya pili. Katika aya ya saba, mnyama wa nne wa Roma “huvunja vipande-vipande,” na anapovunja vipande-vipande, “alikanyaga mabaki kwa miguu yake.” Mnyama wa Roma ni ufalme wa chuma, na tabia ya kuvunja vipande-vipande na kukanyaga mabaki inawakilisha tendo la mateso. Mateso yaliyoletwa juu ya Israeli ya kale yalikuwa “ishara.”
Moreover all these curses shall come upon thee, and shall pursue thee, and overtake thee, till thou be destroyed; because thou hearkenedst not unto the voice of the Lord thy God, to keep his commandments and his statutes which he commanded thee: And they shall be upon thee for a sign and for a wonder, and upon thy seed forever. Because thou servedst not the Lord thy God with joyfulness, and with gladness of heart, for the abundance of all things; Therefore shalt thou serve thine enemies which the Lord shall send against thee, in hunger, and in thirst, and in nakedness, and in want of all things: and he shall put a yoke of iron upon thy neck, until he have destroyed thee. The Lord shall bring a nation against thee from far, from the end of the earth, as swift as the eagle flieth; a nation whose tongue thou shalt not understand; A nation of fierce countenance, which shall not regard the person of the old, nor shew favour to the young. Deuteronomy 28:45–50.
Anko, makhwinya mbilu lawa hinkwawo ma ta ku wela, ma ta ku hlongorisa, ma ku kuma, ku ko u lovisiwa; hikuva a wu yingisanga rito ra Yehovha Xikwembu xa wena, ku hlayisa swileriso swa yena ni milawu ya yena leyi a ku leriseke yona. Kutani ma ta va ehenhla ka wena ma va xikombiso ni xihlamariso, ni le henhla ka mbewu ya wena hilaha ku nga heriki. Hikuva a wu tirhelanga Yehovha Xikwembu xa wena hi ku tsaka ni hi ku khana ka mbilu hikwalaho ka vunyingi bya hinkwaswo; hikwalaho u ta tirhela valala va wena lava Yehovha a nga ta va rhumela ehenhla ka wena, hi ndlala, ni hi torha, ni hi vuhava, ni hi ku pfumala ka hinkwaswo; kutani u ta veka joko ra nsimbi enhan’wini ya wena, ku ko a ku lovisa. Yehovha u ta tisa tiko ehenhla ka wena ri huma ekule, ri huma emakumu ka misava, ri hatlaka kukota loko gama ri haha; tiko leri ririmi ra rona u nga ta ka u nga ri twisisi; tiko ra xikandza xa vukari, leri nga ta ka ri nga xiximi munhu wa mukhalabye, naswona ri nga ta ka ri nga kombi tintswalo eka lontsongo. Deuteronoma 28:45–50.
The curses upon ancient Israel brought about by their rebellion are a “sign and a wonder, and upon thy seed forever.” The curse was to be brought upon them with “a nation of fierce countenance.” The beast with iron teeth that “breaks in pieces and stamps the residue” in chapter seven is also the fourth kingdom which proceeds from the division of Alexander’s kingdom, and just as with Moses in Deuteronomy, that kingdom is a nation whose tongue ancient Israel would not understand. The kingdom of Rome in Daniel chapter eight is a nation of fierce countenance and a nation who speaks a different language.
ଧିକ୍କାର ଓ ବିଦ୍ରୋହର ଫଳସ୍ୱରୂପ ପ୍ରାଚୀନ ଇସ୍ରାଏଲ ଉପରେ ଆଣାଯାଇଥିବା ଶାପଗୁଡ଼ିକ “ତୋର ଓ ତୋର ସନ୍ତାନର ଉପରେ ସଦାକାଳ ପର୍ଯ୍ୟନ୍ତ ଏକ ଚିହ୍ନ ଓ ଏକ ଆଶ୍ଚର୍ଯ୍ୟ” ହେଉଛି। ସେହି ଶାପ ତାଙ୍କ ଉପରେ “କଠୋର ଚେହେରାବଳୀର ଏକ ଜାତି” ଦ୍ୱାରା ଆଣାଯିବାକୁ ଥିଲା। ସପ୍ତମ ଅଧ୍ୟାୟରେ ଥିବା ଲୋହର ଦାନ୍ତଯୁକ୍ତ ସେହି ପଶୁ, ଯେ “ଚୁର୍ଣ୍ଣବିଚୁର୍ଣ୍ଣ କରେ ଓ ଅବଶିଷ୍ଟକୁ ପାଦତଳରେ ଦଳିଦେଇଥାଏ,” ସେହିଠାରେ ଚତୁର୍ଥ ରାଜ୍ୟ ମଧ୍ୟ ଅଟେ, ଯାହା ଆଲେକ୍ସାଣ୍ଡରଙ୍କ ରାଜ୍ୟର ବିଭାଜନରୁ ଉତ୍ପନ୍ନ ହୁଏ; ଏବଂ ବ୍ୟବସ୍ଥାବିବରଣରେ ମୋଶିଙ୍କ କଥା ପରି, ସେହି ରାଜ୍ୟ ଏମିତି ଏକ ଜାତି, ଯାହାର ଭାଷା ପ୍ରାଚୀନ ଇସ୍ରାଏଲ ବୁଝିପାରୁନଥିଲା। ଦାନିଏଲ ଅଷ୍ଟମ ଅଧ୍ୟାୟରେ ରୋମର ରାଜ୍ୟ ଏକ କଠୋର ଚେହେରାବଳୀର ଜାତି ଓ ଏକ ଭିନ୍ନ ଭାଷା କହୁଥିବା ଜାତି ଅଟେ।
Now that being broken, whereas four stood up for it, four kingdoms shall stand up out of the nation, but not in his power. And in the latter time of their kingdom, when the transgressors are come to the full, a king of fierce countenance, and understanding dark sentences, shall stand up. Daniel 8:22, 23.
لە ئێستا کە شکایەوە، لە جیاتی ئەوەدا چوار دانە هەستانەوە، چوار شانشینی لە نەتەوەکە هەڵدەستن، بەڵام نە بە هێزی ئەو. و لە دوایی کاتی شانشینییان، کاتێک یاخیبووان تەواو دەبن، پاشایەکی توندڕوو، و تێگەیشتووی وشە تاریکەکان، هەڵدەستێت. دانیال 8:22, 23.
The “robbers (breakers) of thy people” establish the vision, they exalt themselves and they fall. The fourth iron kingdom was pagan Rome who ruled supremely when exalting themselves, but whose ultimate fall became a prophetic characteristic which establishes the vision. They are breakers for they trample down God’s people through persecution.
“Les voleurs (les violents) de ton peuple” accomplissent la vision; ils s’élèvent eux-mêmes et ils tombent. Le quatrième royaume de fer était la Rome païenne, qui dominait souverainement lorsqu’elle s’exaltait elle-même, mais dont la chute finale devint une caractéristique prophétique qui accomplit la vision. Ils sont des violents, car ils foulent aux pieds le peuple de Dieu par la persécution.
We will continue this study in the next article.
हम इस अध्ययन को अगले लेख में जारी रखेंगे।